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142.More information
From the fifteenth century to its fall, the Republic of Venice made it a priority to give to its political and commercial power a twofold explanation, political and religious. By using the oral legends that were circulating since its foundation, and by establishing an official interpretation of its own history, Venice built a theological-political myth in which she was the hero. The turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries witnessed the first objections against this myth, that was then reaching a climactic influence amongst the majority of European political thinkers, objections that were fostered by the changes in historical methods. Did this announce the end of the Venetian myth? This article aims to decipher the presence of fragments of the Venetian myth amongst French intellectuals of the seventeenth century. Admittedly committed to Venice in her fight against the political abuses of the papacy since the Venetian Interdict of 1606, they nevertheless participated in a methodological shift in history writing.
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143.More information
This article examines the representation of Chinese women in the narratives of European ambassadors from the 17th and 18th centuries. Based first on Jehan Nieuhoff's testimony during the 1655 Dutch Embassy and second on Sir George Staunton's narrative of the British Embassy led by Lord Macartney from 1792 to 1794, the text examines representations of beauty as well as gender constructions as it argues that perceptions toward Chinese women were the outcome of the overall context of the representation of China at that time, more precisely the passage from Sinophilia to Sinophobia.
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