Documents found
-
82.More information
Based on the analysis of the historical accounts that the Comité Colbert (The Comité Colbert groups seventy-five luxury French brands with international renown) brands have produced, which can be found on their website, and built around the figure of the entrepreneur brand founder, our research reveals the structures chosen by the luxury brands for the story of their foundation. We also highlight the interest of resorting to Greimas' Acantial Model in the elaboration of the brand literature, with at stake the creation of the brand personality. The specific figure of the founder enables the establishment of human personality traits that are directly attributed to the brand by metonymy.
Keywords: récit de marque, entrepreneur, histoire de marque, luxe, personnalité de marque, brand narrative, entrepreneur, brand history, luxury, brand personality, relato de marca, empresario, historia de la marca, lujo, personalidad de marcas
-
83.More information
This article undertakes an in-depth analysis of the intricate mechanisms pertaining to the transfer and reception of the participatory budget in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It highlights critical factors that account for the inefficacy of Public Action Instruments (PAIs) advocated in Africa by international development organizations such as the World Bank. Building on policy transfer and PAI theories, this study dissects the nuanced relationships that prevail between the World Bank, the Congolese government, and the decentralized territorial entities (DTEs) in the context of the participatory budget. The research methodology includes a series of interviews conducted with a variety of stakeholders engaged in the transfer and reception process. The findings reflect the pivotal role of World Bank consultants, who steered the participatory budget in alignment with the Bank's institutional priorities and interests, as opposed to those of the Congolese authorities. Despite the formal endorsement of the participatory budget by Congolese authorities, they did not extend substantial political and financial support for its successful implementation. Moreover, participatory budget is implemented within decentralized territorial entities where national authorities maintain financial control, and local authorities are not willing to share power with citizens, thus hindering accountability.
Keywords: budget participatif, transfert d'Instrument d'action publique, Banque mondiale, décentralisation, autorités nationales, République démocratique du Congo, participatory budget, transfer of public action instrument, World Bank, decentralization, national authorities, Democratic Republic of Congo
-
85.More information
This investigation shows how the representation in the Mercure galant of the diplomatic ballet between the French, the British and the Natives in North America suffers from an unequal treatment of the actors involved. In the context of the imperial rivalry exacerbated by the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713), British ambassadors were systematically denigrated, both by the comments of the periodical's correspondents and by the reported remarks of the Indigenous representatives. Unsurprisingly, the French emissaries and their allies were the big winners in this biased staging. In contrast, the accounts of these negotiations recorded by the British administrators, which are the subject of the last part of the study, give a completely different picture of these tripartite exchanges in which the subjects of the “Roi-Soleil” were far from playing the most important role.
-
88.More information
French was a major language in diplomacy. Nowadays, this usage declines in particular within the intergovernmental organizations. Nevertheless, other dimensions must be taken into account in order to evaluate the relations between French and diplomacy like French-speaking institutions (the International Organization of the Francophonie and its operators), but also societal French-speaking actors. How these various francophonies perceive their role in a contemporary international system affected by structural change (redistribution of power with the “emergents”) or normative change (a trend of cultural homogenization vs the critic of westernization of the world) ? This article has two main objectives : to identify the diplomatic resources and actions adopted by the French-speaking institutional actors and to qualify the diplomatic role used by the F(f)rancophonies from the logic of the opening-up to the capacity building.
Keywords: Francophonie, diplomatie, organisations internationales, multilatéralisme, opérations de paix, Francophonie, diplomacy, international organizations, multilateralism, peace operations