Documents found
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16201.More information
The author proposes that Kama La Mackerel's ZOM-FAM is a fabulatory archive for queer indenture. She contextualizes this book of poems within Mauritius and the island's histories of enslavement and indenture and observe how ZOM-FAM offers a queers lens through decolonial approaches to language alongside an aesthetic that illuminates new genealogies in queer indenture and decolonial gender.
Keywords: archives, affabulatoire, engagisme, queer, île Maurice
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16202.More information
According to figures collected in October 2004 from higher education institutions of Quebec Internet sites, the women full-time regular professors of philosophy account for 17,8% of the teaching staff in this field. This statistical study shows that there is an underrepresentation of women regular professors of philosophy in Quebec universities. This text aims thus to clarify this problem and tries to understand it better by advancing five explanatory assumptions in order to find solutions to this deplorable situation and in a will to philosophize differently.
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16203.More information
SummaryThere are numerous ways to approach women-centred research projects, depending on the focus, theoretical framework, and methods used. In this paper, based on two conference papers dealing with different perspectives in my research, I intend to show what happens to historical research on Canadian women and science when we shift the lens of our feminist research. In the first paper, presented in Vancouver in October 1999, I compared women's careers with those of their male colleagues. In the second, given in St. Louis, Missouri, in 2000, I shifted my focus to track women's life course changes in order to emphasize their agency, the “ability or power to make decisions.” The two sections of this paper indicate that different approaches to the study of women scientists should complement rather than displace each other. I believe that using different perspectives, theories, and methods, and periodically shifting the lens of our feminist research enables us as researchers to write a more complex history of Canadian science. Departures from male-stream histories of science definitely enrich our view of the past but to date we have only partial histories. For instance, existing histories provide some information on the science education of Francophone women in convents, but do not include the lives of most Francophone, indigenous, and other minority women who entered Canadian science during the past few decades. Clearly more funding and more researchers are needed to carry on the labour-intensive work of historical research and investigate neglected aspects of the history of Canadian science. Shifting lenses will ultimately lead to new analyses, to theories grounded in different women's reality, and to richer, more complex accounts of gender, race, and other power relations in Western science.
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16204.More information
AbstractDistancing itself from logocentric methodologies that privilege narrative and text in memory research, this paper insists on the importance of the senses in practices of social recall. Through ethnographic analysis of an open-air museum commemorating Soviet history in today's Lithuania, it examines differential ways in which sight and taste are mobilized as memory media for linking the nation's socialist past with its “capitalist” present. The paper also argues that this museum constitutes an apt ethnographic locus in which to critique unproblematic unilinear approaches to the ongoing systemic change in the European East after Communist rule.
Keywords: Lankauskas, mémoire sociale, les sens, transformations postsocialistes, Europe orientale, Lituanie, Lankauskas, social memory, the senses, postsocialist transformation, Eastern Europe, Lithuania, Lankauskas, memoria social, sentidos, transformación postsocialista, Europa oriental, Lituania
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16205.More information
AbstractThe aim of this text is first to propose a way to resolve the duality or the contradiction in Hayek's evolutionary theory as outlined by many commentators. Secondly we aim to underline the major problems that Hayek comes up against in his attempt to develop an endogeneous specification of the rules of just conduct which govern human interactions and induce a spontaneous social order. As we shall see, evolutionism is not a relevant method to explain the transformation of social order. Nonetheless, we conclude that Hayek's conception of human action as governed by “abstract patterns” retains a certain interest.
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16206.More information
This article, which continues ideas developed in the context of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: Graduiertenkolleg 1876—215342465 (GRK1876), examines how animals are used in medieval texts to (re)present, shape, and develop the literary representation of emotions. On the basis of selected examples, it shows how diverse the literary functions of animal imagery can be and how many different poetic and aesthetic strategies can be found for staging animals, connecting them with human characters and the recipients of the tale. In this way, animals can serve as objects of cultural self-reflection and as models for philosophical orientation.
Keywords: Animals, Emotions, Metaphors, Fables, Natural Philosophy, Reflection Figures
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16207.More information
ABSTRACTAttention now centres on children in Brazil, because of the 1990 law on "The Status of the Child and Adolescent". While this legislation guarantees children and adolescents the right to "be brought up and educated within their own family", it also requires that their rights to health, education, food, leisure and so on be met. Numerous social workers in this field consider that disadvantaged families "neglect" their children because they do not meet these obligations. Therefore, for the good of the child, they may remove him or her from the family. Based on a study in Porto Alegre, this article analyses the ways in which the justification that previously existed for placement for "socio-economic" reasons has been transformed into a justification in terms of "neglect" after 1990. Today, the rights of the child are invoked to justify housing them in institutions, with a concomitant reduction of the rights of the family. If the law now treats the child as a "citizen", it seems that parents no longer have the same status.
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16208.More information
SummaryThis paper presents the hidden face of language on causality in the social sciences an shows that we are producing " causal analyses " even when we are not immediately conscious of the fact. Further, the paper calls attention to a new representation of causal thought which emphasizes the search for " causal powers " in social relations and on the fact that qualitative research contributes in recentring conventional causal analysis. This new conception is thus to be found, paradoxically, at the intersection between philosophies which are presented as being opposed, particularly " realism " and " constructivism ". On the way, it is seen how dirrerent types of causal statements are forms of meaning construction, which brings us to recognize, among other things, the " incompleteness " of all causal analysis and the role of creating meaning of the prefered theoretical framework.
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16209.More information
Research Framework: This article is based on a PhD research in socio-anthropology about the transmission of familial memory among Rwandans living in France. We are interested in the day-to-day kinship of orphans after the genocide of the Tutsi in Rwanda. Objectives: The objective of this article is to provide a better understanding of family reconfigurations in post-genocide Rwanda. We will see how the care of orphans has transformed the boundaries of kinship. Methodology: We conducted an ethnographic study based on a non-linear fieldwork from 2014 to 2019. We carried out semi-directive interviews with Rwandans living in France who were less than 20 years old in 1994, as well as with their family members, in France or in Rwanda. This was complemented with the development of kinship trees and with observations made during commemorations. Results: We document here several hosting situations for orphans after the Tutsi genocide: foster care, children's households and orphanages. The Rwandan government pursued family-based policy that aimed at “reunification” or placement in a family. We present configurations of households of care that may or may not involve relatives, or even protect themselves from them . Conclusions: The genocide provoked a crisis of orphans' care that impacted kinship relations, through acts of solidarity or hostility. Households of care and lines of transmission have seen their boundaries redrawn by affective and material exclusion and inclusion of orphans. Contribution: The article allows us to reinscribe kinship relations and everyday kinship in a given socio-economical and historical context, that of post-genocide Rwanda. It sheds light on the family and societal changes that occur in the aftermath of genocide.
Keywords: Orphelin, parenté, génocide, Rwanda, fratrie, prise en charge, famille, Orphan, kinship, genocide, Rwanda, siblings, care, family, Huérfano, parentesco, genocidio, Ruanda, hermandad, cuidado, familia
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16210.More information
Research Framework: In the context of the mission of a pediatric liaison team specializing in pediatric palliative care (PPC) in Belgium, this article analyzes the decision-making issues in the face of the best interests of the child in a study of two complex clinical cases that impacted this team and made them question their professional approach. Objective: This article highlights the notion of the best interests of the child based on decision-making issues related to his/her health. When parents and the health care team disagree about the treatment of a child in pediatric palliative care, we will analyze the issues related to the shared decision-making process (SDP) and the ethical factors to identify avenues of understanding and their solutions. Methodology: We have chosen as a method the study of 2 complex clinical cases experienced at home by a liaison team specialized in PPC. This qualitative method makes it possible to analyze the situation in its singularity and globality. It is an intrinsic case study, based on a practical problem encountered, a personal confrontation with a given complex professional situation (Duport, 2020). Results: Our research exposes the complexity of the decision-making trajectory and the need to take into account the systems of influence in decision-making, as well as the importance for the care team to step back and have an ethical reading grid adapted to the given situation. Conclusions: The management of a seriously ill child followed in a PPC is progressive and non-linear. Formalized shared decision-making (SDP) between the doctor, the child and his parents, and the health care team allows for the consideration of all the components involved in this process and aims to respect the best interests of the child. The different criteria create a climate of trust that is essential for the proper care of the child. Contributions: Blocking in the therapeutic relationship is a symptom of loss of trust with the risk of withdrawal, but systems can sometimes self-generate their own solution, which demonstrates the importance of developing and training teams in the shared decision-making approach.
Keywords: liaison pédiatrique, prise de décision partagée, intérêt supérieur de l'enfant, étude de cas, soins palliatifs pédiatriques, pediatric liaison, shared decision-making, best interests of the child, case study, pediatric palliative care, enlace pediátrico, toma de decisiones compartida, interés superior des niño, estudio de caso, cuidados paliativos pediátricos