Documents found
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16401.More information
In the course of time, families disperse and kin relationships change. The differences between the genders in migration and the resulting differences in spatial dispersion of the children from their fathers were analyzed in two largely rural populations in the mid-19th century. The analyses were performed mainly on the Swedish population in the northern coastal Skellefteå region, where data on both genders was available. The results were used to estimate gender differences among a native-born population in the northern U.S., where information about women was limited. Most adult children resided in the same places as their fathers, and the proportion of co-resident sons was the same in both populations. However, more daughters than sons were located elsewhere in Skellefteå and probably also in the U.S. The distances separating relatives were, however, greater in the U.S. Men lived in patrilineal clusters to a greater extent than did women due, in part, to patrilineal inheritance and virilocal marriages. The results were discussed with reference to migration and marriage patterns, spatial organization and economic differences.
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16402.More information
The Theatrephone, the telephone, the phonograph and the gramophone, all of them technologies based on the principle of blind listening, have each been used variously by radio, theatre, as well as cinema. Such amplified sounds are disincarnate, spectral presences. This form of listening is still found in contemporary plays when voices get severed from bodies and noises unhinged from objects. One finds it in the plays of Maurice Maeterlinck (The Blind, Intruder, Interior, The Death of the Tintagiles), Samuel Beckett (The Last Tape, Eh Joe, Not I, Rockaby, Embers), Carlo Emilio Gadda (Eros e Priapo, San Giorgio in Casa Brocchi), Ibsen (En Folkefiende, Gengangere, Bygmester Solness, Når vi døde vågner), Jean Tardieu (Une voix sans personne), Marguerite Duras (L'Amante anglaise, India Song, Savannah Bay) and several others. This article offers suggestions for developing an archaeology of mise-en-scene regarding this form of listening by examining a few devices in use at the end of the 19th century, a period rich in technological innovations.
Keywords: écoute aveugle, théâtre, cinéma, radio, disque, bande magnétique, archives théâtre, Maurice Materlinck, Blind Listening, Sound, Theater, Cinema, Radio, Maurice Materlinck
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16403.More information
This article proposes the construction of a systemic model of digital education as part of research applied to public policy (French Ministry of Education). Considering the digital domain in its pervasiveness, it highlights the importance of a complex approach to understanding the transformation of practices. As an applied research modality, we present digital theme groups (GTnum). The methodological approach combines a reflexive posture informed by research contributions, conceptual choices centered on digital humanities and the systems approach, participatory research and open science via the Hypotheses "Education, digital and research" notebook. As a result, our modeling is centered on a "digital environment" and six units of action put to the test via the GTnum themes. We interpret these results through a comparison with other systemic frameworks, an application to the axes of digital transformation in academies, a prospective reflection with the development of generative AI and perspectives for participatory research. Finally, the article discusses the limits and contributions of this approach: variability in the understanding of the issues at stake and in the integration of research contributions, as well as avenues for anticipating a new digital configuration with the place of AI.
Keywords: transformación digital, digital transformation, transformation numérique, digital humanities, humanités numériques, humanidades digitales, éducation, educación, education, formation, training, formación, systemic, systémique, pensamiento sistémico, políticas públicas, public policy, politiques publiques, investigación aplicada, applied research, recherche appliquée
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16405.More information
“A bit of sociology takes you away from the law ; a lot of sociology brings you back to the law.” This aphorism sums up the author's career as a law professor. During the first part of his career, at Université Laval, his specialization in legal sociology and his preference for an external approach to law distanced him from positive law as an object of teaching and research. The second part of his career, on the contrary, marks a clear reconciliation with an internal perspective. The author describes the particularities of his contract law course, which he taught for twelve years as part of McGill University's transsystemic law education program : the objective of training in critical legal thinking, the systematic attention to contemporary socio-legal facts that transform contractual practices, and the dialectical confrontation of conventional and alternative contract law theories. In retrospect, the author notes that this pedagogical experience has remained deeply inspired by Georges Gurvitch's legal sociology.
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16406.
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16407.More information
With extremely different federal, national and local situations, it is interesting to note that some public institutions - universities, museums, research centres, associations - are doing their best to integrate staff and members of the public who are excluded from their activities. Transnational practices and knowledge are tending to emerge from the perspective of Agenda 21 for culture, cultural rights and the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions.
Keywords: Politiques culturelles participatives, Participative cultural policies, inclusion, inclusion, renforcement de la jeunesse, youth enforcement, Agenda 21 pour la culture, Agenda 21 for culture
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16408.More information
The preface of the collective work titled Le paysage sonore dans la littérature d’Ancien régime, ou du son comme topos de scènes narratives reflects on the integration of multiple sounds and noises in the idiom of writers, while asking if sound would only be a supplement of a narrative scene, if it would only have a pragmatic and ornamental function, or if it could only be understood as vehicle of an argument, possibly as a fully fledged motive of the story narrated. This preface leads to the demonstration from, among other illustrations, articles of volume that it presents at the same time. The ample and varied corpus of texts studied shows that the recurrence of narrative configurations with sound confronts the ear of the reader with true “stereotypes of sound”. According to the definition of the notion of topos, the representation of sound, articulated in narrative, rhetoric and poetic, likely becomes customary of the discourse.
Keywords: Sound, Son, Topos, Topos, Recurrence, Récurrence, Hearing, Ouïe, Reader, Lecteur
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16409.
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16410.More information
Despite its status as archival source, the public correspondence of Machiavelli has rarely been studied by historians. This essay offers an analysis of this source from the viewpoint of the history of political communication. Usually focussing on the means of transmission, studies on political communication generally fail to address the question of the ontological status of public opinion and its relationship to truth: it is precisely this point that concerns us first of all. We then propose to study communication practices in a defined historical and historiographical context, namely, the construction of the state in modern Italy, understood as both territorial control and conflict management. Machiavelli’s correspondence captures the practical dimension of doxa in a twofold context: that of diplomatic mission, which requires the construction and transmission of truth, and the government of the territory, which requires constant attention both to current rumours and the changing moods of the subject populations.