Documents found
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116001.More information
AbstractThe birth of a child is a transitional event that creates stress within the family and calls for the implementation of adaptative strategies that gradually allow the stakeholders to readjust both with regard to themselves and to their partner and to create room for the presence of the new being. If the child is sickly, the amount of stress suffered by the parents will be proportionately greater. Research has demonstrated that faced with a problem of child sickness, mother and father do not react in the same way. The intention of the present paper is to report on the current level of knowledge concerning the way fathers and mothers experience their child's health issues and to suggest new directions for research that will allow us to better understand their experience.
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116002.More information
This paper explores the past, present, and future of library marketing in the United States. While its foundations were laid more than a century ago, not every library is up-to-speed in its knowledge or practice. There are “Haves” with plenty of space, staff, and money, and “Have Nots” that lack some necessities. In the midst of this uneven landscape, the author discusses the organizations and publications that support it, details the trends in four categories, and lists national campaigns and awards. Special attention is paid to the continuing challenges and the possible future scenarios.
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116003.More information
Marked by the electoral defeat of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in 2000, the transition of the political regime in Mexico has contributed to the diversification of the political-electoral geography. Among other consequences, this political plurality has revealed several intergovernmental conflicts previously concealed by the hegemony of the PRI. In this context, this article proposes a review of the procedure for controlling constitutionality (constitutional controversy), reformed in 1994 to evaluate the growing intervention of the Supreme Court in resolving conflicts between government units and levels. More specifically, the aim is to identify the procedures proposed by the municipalities and locate the domains involved as well as the trends in resolutions concerning municipal authorities. This review will make it possible to identify the fields of intervention of the municipalities and means of action (laws, regulations, decrees and budgets) for which intergovernmental relations are fairly controversial.
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116004.More information
How does the law deal with emojis, emoticons, and other digital pictograms that are intended to clarify or nuance a written text devoid of communicative tools like tone, facial expressions or gestures? Drawing on the fields of linguistics, semiology, communication theory and cultural studies, this article undertakes an empirical study of Canadian cases in order to shed light on the various ways in which emojis are conceived (notably from the point of view of international computing norms) and perceived. The article then analyzes the consequences of these findings for the law, particularly in the areas of procedural law, evidence, and legal research methodology.
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116005.More information
AbstractTo face its Corporate Social Responsibility constitutes henceforth a necessity for the company, particularly when it is about a multinational one. In a paradoxical way, the internationalization of the activities complicates the situation in the sense that the company has to face local cultural specificities. These specificities entail different expectations regarding the company, some of them may contradict the societal principles adopted by the parent company (according to the universal standards of behaviour). How does the company adapt its approach of CSR to the country of setting-up, which are the stakeholders involved in this process? It is the question that the author attempts to answer by taking for base the example of 8 French companies having subsidiaries implanted in Mexico.
Keywords: RSE, éthique d'entreprise, théorie d'intégration des contrats sociaux, ISCT (Integrative Social Contracts Theory), entreprise multinationale, CSR, business ethics, stakeholder management, Integrative Social Contract Theory (ISCT), multinational company, RSE (Responsabilidad Social de la Empresa), ética de empresa, gestión de las partes interesadas, teoría de integración de los contratos sociales, la empresa multinacional
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116006.More information
The study of strategic performance measurement systems (SPMS) in SMEs is of great interest given the economic and social importance of the latter. Some authors have proposed applying systems designed for major organizations and have observed difficulties in implementing them; others have suggested designing SPMS specifically for SMEs, which would require more understanding of their practices. This article deals with SPMS used by SME CEOs and the way in which the latter measure their strategic performance. To do this we made a qualitative study of three SME manufacturers. Our results show that their SPMS are designed as a combination of indicators and informal control and coordination mechanisms. With SPMS made up of a selection of both financial and non-financial indicators, they deliberately focus on strategic priorities, action plans and the monitoring of any potential deterioration of critical success factors or relationships with certain stakeholders. The CEOs have deliberately not measured all of the performance dimensions. However these are all under control due to the use of informal mechanisms.
Keywords: PME, Dirigeant, Système de mesure de la performance stratégique, Indicateur, Pilotage, Contrôle de gestion, Tableau de bord, SME, CEO, Strategic performance measurement system, Indicator, Piloting, Management control, Scorecard, PyME, Dirigente, Sistema de medida de rendimiento estratégico, Indicador, Pilotaje, Control de gestión, Cuadro de mando
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116007.More information
This article aims at positing new theoretical and methodological approaches to better understand the commitment of SMEs to CSR. The state of the art of the publications from the best ranked journals3 from 2005 to 2015 shows that out of 83 articles published in 35 journals, organizational and strategic management theories hitherto identified provides a partial picture of the commitment of SMEs to CSR. As a matter of fact, these theories focus on the basis of the large American business, although different from the characteristics of the SME, thereby leading to distorting situations. It was therefore suggested to use the characteristics of Japanese companies which are compatible with the SME. Consequently, the theories identifies may be supplemented by sociological theories such as entrepreneurship, human resources, incentive and convention theories. Furthermore, concerning the methodology, no study presents the point of view of the researcher as a reflective practitioner who may produce different and conclusive results.
Keywords: Engagement des PME, RSE, Théorie des organisations, Management stratégique, Posture réflexive, Commitment of SMEs, CSR, Organizational theory, Strategic management, Reflective stance, Compromiso de la PyME, RSE, Teoría de las organizaciones, Gestión estratégica, Postura reflexiva
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116008.More information
Innovative firms represent a large pool of job and wealth creation within an economy. Yet, despite their high potential, we observe a high heterogeneity in their growth trajectories.By operationalizing a theoretical meta-model of governance proposed by Wirtz (2011), we seek to better understand the relationships between the more or less disciplinary or cognitive governance vision of entrepreneurs, the governance mechanisms they actually implement in their firm and the growth of their business.Based on the answers of 253 entrepreneurs from innovative firms, we show that entrepreneurs can have three visions of governance – cognitive, managerial disciplinary and financial disciplinary – that are linked to the setting up of specific mechanisms (board of directors, top management team, presence of capital investors), which themselves cause a more or less strong growth within their company.
Keywords: Gouvernance cognitive, Gouvernance coercitive, Entreprises innovantes de croissance, Croissance, Cognitive corporate governance, Disciplinary corporate governance, Innovative firms, Growth, Gobernanza cognitiva, Gobernanza coercitiva, Empresas emergentes, Crecimiento
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116009.More information
AbstractThis paper explores the experiences of Zimbabwean rural women forced to relocate to the city of Harare during the liberation war in the 1970s. Women found themselves squeezed between a repressive colonial government and coercive guerrilla armies. The accompanying war-induced violence from both sides of the combattants led to massive displacements as women and their families fled from the war-torn areas to urban centres like Harare. Within women's stories of flight are reflections of gender relations in a war fought largely in the rural areas where women were the majority of the dwellers, and a war in which most of the combattants were male. Gender relations thus informed, and were influenced by the war. Women's narratives also reveal the socio-economic and emotional costs of the war hardly acknowledged in the nationalist discourse about the liberation war. At the centre of these accounts is a revelation of resistance, courage, fear, and above all agency by rural women under very difficult circumstances.
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116010.More information
Numerous articles in psychology show that the sum of the views individuals have of their past, present, and future (their time perspective) influences their cognitions and behaviors. We extend these findings to the field of entrepreneurship and suggest that time perspective can influence entrepreneurs' alertness (TP acting as a potential determinant prior to alertness). We propose a theoretical framework to better understand the role time perspective can play in key aspects of entrepreneurship such as entrepreneurial alertness, i.e., the capacity for an entrepreneur to see opportunities missed by others. The main objective of our research contribution is to build theoretical propositions and a model interrelating time perspective according to Zimbardo and Boyd (1999) and entrepreneurial alertness according to Tang, Kacmar and Busenitz (2012). Linking both concepts constitutes the main contribution. A discussion, implications, limitations and directions for future research are also introduced.
Keywords: Temps, Opportunité, Cognition, Vigilance, Entrepreneuriat, Time, Opportunity, Cognition, Alertness, Entrepreneurship, Tiempo, Oportunidad, Cognición, Vigilancia, Empresariado