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151.More information
In parallel to the signature of the Comprehensive and Economic Trade Agreement by Canada and the European Union, the Strategic Partnership Agreement was also entered into between the parties. This latter agreement focused on dialogue, cooperation and strategic partnership between the parties. In fact, the European Union has as a policy the signature of these types of agreements in parallel to free trade agreements. Often relatively unknown, and focusing on a number of different principles, ranging from the protection of human rights, to the fight against terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, to the promotion of sustainable development. Administered by joint and ministerial committees, the lack of sanctions in this agreement can be denounced. However, the agreement bearing a strong political inclination, rather than strictly legal, for the promotion, protection and recognition of principles it consecrates, it seems that strong sanctions might be successfully replaced by other means of dispute resolution. This article therefore aims to demystify the Strategic Partnership Agreement through the analysis of its object, its content and its effects.
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154.More information
The leaders of Meiji Japan shared a "realistic" view of the world order. The purpose of foreign policy was to help Japan rise up in the hierarchy of nations through the use of force. But as an "informal colony" of the Western powers (until 1905), and then as a "regional power", Japan could not achieve a stable international position. It was caught between its inability to legitimize its expansion vis-à-vis its "inferiors" (the other Asian countries) and the control exercised by its "superiors" (the major world powers). The result was brutality and frustration. After 1945, Japan became used to "realism" and the conduct of international relations based on the use of military force, thus allowing it to find its place easily in the world order of the Cold War era, as a "subordinate regional power". It was never able to become, like Germany, a "middle power". It will remain unable to become one as long as the worldview of its leaders does not change.
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