Search Results

AbstractWe see today an unprecedented increase in the medical treatment of what are essentially social conditions. At the heart of this contemporary social transformation, the medicalisation of the body raises important questions about the operation of social control. When bodies are seen as “soft” and malleable, plastic surgery becomes part of this mechanism of control and management of the body, not only in physical, but also in social terms. It is physical because plastic surgery permits changes to visible external organs (the face, breasts, legs, nose and so on), but also social because it promotes a model of the body that replaces the one inherited from one's parents.

This study analyses the empirical effects of age dependency on saving and economic growth of Cote d'Ivoire. Using data from the World Bank (2008) and the African Development Bank (2008) on Côte d'Ivoire between 1960 and 2007, we show through an error correction model that age dependency rates negatively impacts saving rates and GDP in the long run. In the short term, changes in dependency rate negatively influence changes in saving rates and the real GDP growth rate. However, causality tests show that age dependency does not cause savings or economic growth of Côte d'Ivoire.

The presence of the thread-like naiad, Najas gracillima (Najadaceae), in the indigenous aquatic flora of Québec (Canada) is confirmed. This species is highly sensitive to pollution and, due to the eutrophication of lakes and streams, is in decline throughout its natural range in North America. To facilitate the identification of this rare species, the present article provides a key to the species of Najas occurring in Québec, along with a discussion of the distinguishing characteristics of N. gracillima. The danger of confusing this species with the exotic and invasive N. minor is also highlighted. In addition, the present article provides up-to-date global distribution data for N. gracillima, and a distribution map for the species in eastern Canada and the adjacent United States, based on an exhaustive survey of the literature and of specimens in the National Herbarium of Canada (CAN), the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Collection of Vascular Plants (DAO), and the Marie-Victorin Herbarium (MT). Detailed notes on the habitat of the only known location for this species in Québec are also included.

Keywords: clé d'identification, flore aquatique, floristique, Najas minor, plante rare, aquatic flora, floristics, identification key, Najas minor, rare plant

AbstractIn the department of Bongouanou in the Ivory Coast, the potable water supply for the population is mainly assured by groundwater that is continuous in a hard rock aquifer of granite and schist. Unfortunately, more than 20% of bore holes that are drilled prove to be negative, because of their too weak productivity. The objective of this work was to improve the knowledge of this typical aquifer and to estimate its potential as a source of groundwater. To this end, statistical analyses of hydrogeological parameters from 230 drillings realized in the department have been carried out. For an annual average recharge of the aquifer of 145 mm, the average flow of drillings is 4.34 m3•h‑1 and the average transmissivity is 1.5•10‑4 m2•s‑1. The hard rock aquifers of the Bongouanou region are thus modestly productive, as is typical of weathered hard rock. The statistical results reveal that schist, which represents more than 80% of the territory, is more productive than granite. Generally, the drillings that are established on the slope and the bottom of valley in this region yield more important flows than those on the plateau. The influence of weathering on the productivity of drillings is evident from the apparent relationship between the thickness of the weathered material (saprolite) and the productivity of the aquifer. For weathered thicknesses of less than 15 m (indicative of the absence of a permeable fissured horizon) and greater than 60 m (interpreted as an indication that the drill hole intersects a weathered subsurface discontinuity), the flows are very weak. We also observed that the first 30 m of the fissured horizon, situated just underneath the weathered base, are more permeable and thus the most productive; beyond this limit, the permeability diminishes markedly with depth. From the ground surface, the optimal depths that are the most productive of groundwater are found between 40 and 70 m for granite, and between 40 and 80 m for schist. Finally, this work allowed us to propose a conceptual model of the structure and the hydrodynamic properties of the hard rock aquifers in this Ivory Coast region.

Keywords: Recharge, statistique, forage, aquifères de socle, productivité, transmissivité, Bongouanou, Côte d'Ivoire, Recharge, statistical analysis, drilling, hard rock aquifers, productvity, transmissivity, Bongouanou department, Ivory Coast

Since the 70s, there is a will to give female musicians visibility and recognition within musical history. If the music composed by women is today subject to feminist's theory, debates and advocacy to push this issue forward, it is surprising that their works are seldom performed in concert in Quebec in terms of number and modality of distribution. Giving the importance of the sociocultural environment, that impact the perceptions on the women composer's capacities, the author offers an analysis of Société de musique contemporaine du Québec (SMCQ), Événements du neuf (E9), Ensemble contemporain de Montréal (ECM+), and Nouvel Ensemble moderne (NEM) concerts produced between 1966 and 2006, which aims to describe the participation of women composers and shed a light on their practices related to the presence of women in concerts. Providing an original contribution to the feminist studies in music, the author describes new music organisms' role by producing thematic concert, commissioning musical pieces and organizing composition contests, and she discusses their limits in women integration.

Keywords: artiste femme, musique contemporaine, reconnaissance professionnelle, hégémonie culturelle, xxe siècle, compositrices

This article shows how the concept of francophonie has changed. Initially referring to a group defined by a colonial history, it has evolved to designate a semiosphere structured around the values of "cultural dialogue" and "cultural diversity". The word "francophone" has evolved as well, referring both to language proficiency and to identity. This study examines these ambiguities, as well as the ambiguity surrounding the notion of cultural diversity itself. It evaluates the barriers that encumber the French language, preventing it from truly being a language of diversity. Lastly, the study explores various avenues open for language policies that can bring to fruition the values francophonie claims to hold.

Keywords: francophonie, francophone, diversité culturelle, politique linguistique, idéologie, identité, Francophonie, francophone, cultural diversity, language policy, ideology, identity

By means of an approach grounded in the history of political culture, the article analyzes the role and importance of media and public images of nuclear power in Quebec over a period of nearly forty years. The paper studies the discourse of Quebec's political leaders, the directors of Hydro-Quebec and various other social actors who spoke in public either in support of or in opposition to the production of electricity by nuclear fission. In the process, the article sheds light on the political conflicts over nuclear power and the ensuing struggles over its symbolic representations. It also highlights the consequences of these debates for the future of the energy sector.