Documents found
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3151.More information
The Raconter la vie publishing site has amassed a collection of six hundred narratives over its two years of existence. The large number of stories it has encouraged in this way presents a mosaic made up of fragments of numerous lives that can be the object of sociology from different angles focused on a specific pattern or topic. One can still try to identify types of narratives : testimonies, social life stories or even artistic performances. Through a survey, we have chosen to meet some of the main actors of this digital stage, starting with the site's linchpin, the web editor, her contributors, called community editors, and the authors. Our goal was to examine the production of these stories and the proposal of their digital publication with respect to the authors' writing and reading practices, taking into account a writing culture, or even the reference of a literary culture. The authors discuss a variety of practices from personal diaries to the experience of writing workshops and professional writing. Many of them are adept at using digital resources : blogs, networks and platforms. The support of a renowned traditional publisher, the commitment of a Collège de France professor, the editorial team's competency—with double reading of manuscripts and help with technical layout—serve the authors' widely shared latent desire to be published. Something that would help them consider themselves amateur authors and cherish the hope of being recognized as writers. Failing to promote an impossible parliament of invisible authors, the publisher's site preserves the narrative form and at the same time supports the figure of the amateur author. It could be likened to a king size writing workshop with prisms of the digital world in which we are deprived of the sociability of shared readings, but allowed to play multiple identity games, those of characters and authors called upon to tell society's genuine story and who are so strongly seeking publishers.
Keywords: pratiques d'écriture et de lecture, culture de l'écrit, auteur amateur, sociabilités d'écriture, writing and reading practices, culture of writing, amateur writer, sociability of writing, prácticas de escritura y de lectura, cultura escrita, autor aficionado, socialización de la escritura
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3152.More information
The following article focusses on the songs of Montreal-based Acadian hip hop group Radio Radio, as well as on how they are received in Québec. It investigates Radio Radio's contribution to the evolution of the Québec language debate. The article hypothesizes that an ongoing shift in language ideology is changing the power dynamics between Québec and Acadie, unsettling the established hierarchy which makes Québec the definer of the artistic and cultural norm that prevails for both collectivities. Radio Radio has taken advantage of, and contributed to this shift. From one album to the next, the group has performatively imposed a festive take on language contact that competes with the preexisting view of it as inherently deadly for francophone minorities. As its presence increased on the Québec music scene, so did new connotations for language mixing. These new connotations have been met at times with enthusiasm and at times with disapproval; but in both cases, they are now part of Québec's discourse on language.
Keywords: Radio Radio, Rapports Acadie-Québec, idéologies linguistiques, chiac, acadjonne, Acadie-Québec relationship, Radio Radio, language ideologies, language contact, social discourse on language
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3153.More information
By examining the social paths of four contemporary rappers, this article seeks to shed light on the tensions between the road to fame and political engagement in the professional art world. Sociological literature on artist engagement implies that the levels and types of engagement are determined by the position artists hold in their professional art world and on their level of recognition in particular. However, if this conflict between engagement and acclaim structures the paths of the artists that were studied, it is also necessary to look at the artists' socialization. The diachronic study of individual constructs makes it possible to understand that the analysis of the actors' political socialization proves to be crucial to understand their engagement modes. Furthermore, the specificity of rap and its irreducibility to the world of music are examined in order to understand the challenges of an evolving art world and its effects on the artists' professional paths.
Keywords: monde professionnel du rap, pratiques d'engagement politique, reconnaissance artistique, world of professional rap, political commitment practices, artistic recognition, mundo profesional del rap, prácticas de compromiso político, reconocimiento artístico
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3154.More information
This paper tries to explain why so many parents say they felt lonely when they were on parental leave. The study of the parents' semi-directive interviews shows internalization of a parental role based on permanent availability to the child, which induces isolation and feeling of loneliness during the leave. Therefore, parents on leave found it difficult to take some time for themselves or to keep relationships outside from home. Requirement of being devoted to children and home, which is internalized by mothers more than by fathers, increases parental role at the expense of personal identity. Then, parents looked forward the end of the leave and their return to work.
Keywords: Congé parental, solitude, isolement, genre, parental leave, loneliness, isolation, gender, licencia parental, soledad, aislamiento, género
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3155.More information
Based on an unprecedented experience of bringing together two logics of research, held to be contradictory according to epistemological norms in the social sciences, this article explores how to articulate a mathematized approach to large networks, calculated from web flows, and a socio-informatics approach of controversies, evolving through non-linear critical processes. Using new digital mediations, the authors suggest some pathways for a learning interface between human interprets and algorithms. The collective cognitive device that emerges from this cross-fertilization can create a new critical approach on how social processes unfold in digital worlds, from official sites to social media.
Keywords: Analyse de réseaux, sociologie, controverses, algorithmes, corpus, processus complexes, socio-semantic networks analysis, sociology, controversies, complex processes, text-mining, macroscopes, Análisis de redes, sociología, controversias, algoritmos, corpus, procesos complejos
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3156.More information
Keywords: Couchsurfing, service loge-trotteurs, mobilité, routard, Paris, Berlin
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3157.More information
Police understandings of honour-based crimes (HBCs) and forced marriages (FMs) vary in terms of an individual officer's level of expertise, knowledge, and experience in handling such situations. This study applied constructivist grounded theory approaches to analyze individual interviews with 32 police officers and 14 civilians in police agencies operating in urban and rural settings in Alberta, Canada. Specifically, this paper seeks to answer how police officers and civilians who work in police agencies experience, make sense of, and understand HBCs. Participants received a hypothetical vignette about a young woman who had reached out to the police. The vignette illustrated various forms of abuse by the woman's father, the involvement of other actors (mother, brother, family friend) and the culmination in an FM. After reading the vignette, participants were asked to respond to six questions. Analysis revealed that both police and civilians recognized the need in the vignette scenario for intervention, while experiencing uncertainty about how to respond. The findings showed that not everyone in policing would be able to identify reliably the need for police intervention, and that investigations could proceed differently depending on the investigator's level of knowledge and awareness of HBCs and FMs. Police have achieved some successful interventions, but still lack sufficient guidance on how to respond to these crimes. Clear, appropriate policies regarding which cases need to be directed to specialized domestic violence units for follow-up are needed. A significant finding points to the importance of considering cultural sensitivity discourses as well as the impact of cultural and racist stereotypes when responding to situations like the one outlined in the vignette.
Keywords: “honour”-based crimes, forced marriages, vignette, constructivist grounded theory approaches, policing, perceptions of the police
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3158.More information
The paper explores the contribution of domestic gardening to the local food systems in three cities of the North-West of France : Rennes, Caen, and Alençon. The methodology of this research is based on a fine-scale inventory of vegetable gardening space and on a survey with gardeners cultivating a vegetable garden. The results show that the areas dedicated to domestic production, although often underestimated, are very important (nearly 45 ha in Rennes, a little more than 50 ha in Caen and about 25 ha in Alençon). This work shows also the central place of home gardens cultivated in the private gardens of houses within the total vegetable areas. Their spatial distribution is not homogeneous and accounts for the effects of urban morphology and the social composition of neighborhoods. We also note that the cities most marked by the presence of popular categories and retirees are those where the areas of vegetable gardens per household are the most important. Finally, an evaluation of the contribution of domestic gardening production to the local food system has been done. It shows that this contribution is differentiated according to cities and neighbourhoods, due to several parameters : the social composition of the population, urban morphology and access to a cultural space.
Keywords: photo-interprétation, autoproduction alimentaire, légumes, potagers « privés », jardins collectifs, système alimentaire, agriculture urbaine, photointerpretation, food self-production, vegetables, home gardens, collective gardens, food system, urban agriculture
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3159.More information
Since its opening in Odanak in 2011, Kiuna Institution is the only postsecondary institution run by and for Quebec's First Nations. Inspired by its predecessor, La Macaza's Manitou College (1973-1976), and rooted in a similar ideology as the American Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCUs), the institute focuses on the establishment of cultural security (protection of the culture) and continuity within its programs and services. However, the introduction of Indigenous perspectives and curricula within the provincial education system raises a number of conceptual and logistical challenges. Can postsecondary institutions provide a supportive environment for the development of indigenous identities? Can the adaptation of curricular programs foster the perseverance and success of First Nations students? Based on testimonies and experiences of First Nations' students, graduates and professionals collected between 2013 and 2015, this article analyzes the different components and cultural approaches integrated within Kiuna's Social Science program and emphasizes the impact of cultural security within the collegial success of First Nations students.
Keywords: Institution Kiuna, sécurité culturelle, étudiants autochtones, continuité culturelle, Collège Manitou, Kiuna Institution, cultural security, Indigenous students, cultural continuity, Manitou College, Instituto Kiuna, seguridad cultural, estudiantes indígenas, continuidad cultural, Collège Manitou
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3160.More information
This article recounts the principles of a field approach carried out in arts education within a mainly aboriginal context. The project led to the experimenting with learning situations within the classroom, developed from digital capsules produced by Indigenous artists whose artistry falls within the field of contemporary art. The originality of these capsules rests on the use of “creation stories” within which orality is the teaching medium, generating within students the desire to create while developing self-esteem, pride and a sense of belonging through identity. A critical assessment regarding the fundamental issues underlying this approach is also considered. These issues stem from the relevance of teaching the arts in order to compensate for the urgency of the social situation, linked not only to the question of identity for young people but also to the power of art as method of acquiring knowledge.
Keywords: enseignement des arts plastiques, artistes autochtones, art actuel, capsule numérique, récit de création, oralité, Art education, Indigenous artists, contemporary art, digital capsule, creation narrative, orality, educación en artes visuales, artistas indígenas, arte contemporáneo, cápsula digital, relato creativo, oralidad