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3402.More information
The recent economic crisis in Iceland has raised issues of the sustainability of Icelandic higher education to new levels of importance. A key strategy in relation to this economic crisis is to consider the merger of the four public universities in Iceland and to introduce a much higher enegagement with online and open delivery methods of higher education. The Net-University Project was an EU Leonardo-funded initiative to compare approaches to open and distance education in Iceland, Sweden, and Scotland, with additional lessons from Atlantic Canada. In particular, it sought to focus on the transfer of innovation in continuing university education, with particular emphasis on the development and delivery of online higher education courses throughout rural Iceland (i.e., outside of Reykjavik). The partners concentrated on how knowledge and experience about distributed and distance learning models could be transferred between the partner countries and how such models can be integrated into the education system to better support higher education and lifelong learning. There was a particular interest in the practical use of open educational resources (OER) for course design and in the sharing of these course modules among university partners. Some good practice and lessons from OER use in course creation are listed.
Keywords: Distance education, Open Educational Resources, Knowledge transfer
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3408.More information
In April 2011, Radio-Canada aired an investigative report exposing the cruel treatment of domestic animals by workers at one of Montreal's largest animal shelters. A private business, the Berger Blanc held the majority of municipal contracts for animal control services throughout Montreal. Following the widely-watched exposé, the regulation of domestic animal welfare rose to the top of the agenda both at Montreal's City Hall and Quebec's National Assembly, as citizens demanded a response to the jarring images of cruelty and neglect. The province responded, adopting a regulation to strengthen the legal protection of dogs and cats under Quebec's Animal Health Protection Act— a regulation which has been criticized as ineffective and inadequate by animal welfare groups throughout the province. Similarly, Montreal's City Hall announced steps to launch a municipal animal control service. And yet, progress is slow and many Montreal boroughs continue to renew their contracts with the Berger Blanc. This paper will review the theoretical, political and legal context surrounding the issue of domestic animals, and employ an animal welfarist (utilitarian) approach to examine the three traditional municipal animal control service models, namely the private for-profit model, the private non-profit model and the public model. In doing so, the paper will suggest that despite the municipal government's stated financial priorities, the only solution to Montreal's domestic animal situation—one which properly takes the equal interests of domestic animals into account—lies in a publicly-funded, municipally-run animal services department, similar to the model currently employed by the City of Calgary.
Keywords: Animal law, animal welfare, animal control, cruelty to animals, municipal law, municipal regulation, Droit animal, bien-être animalier, contrôle animal, cruauté envers les animaux, droit municipal, réglementation municipale
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3409.More information
In December 1993, during a time of political struggle, four young Cree leaders who disagreed with the way the James Bay Agreement was negotiated founded The Nation, a bi-monthly James Bay Cree newspaper. Born in a society in which journalism hardly ever existed, this newspaper quickly became a locus for social dialogue. The author focuses on three aspects that inform the practice of journalism as it develops in this context: first, by examining how an informal hierarchy weighs on its organisational structure; secondly, by considering the particular relationships between journalists and their sources of information; finally, by examining column content in the context of a society occupied with the redefinition of its social basis.