Documents found
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4011.More information
Development is a concept whose ontological foundations are include phenomena, such as technologies, institutions, and cultural traits that embody the determinants of development differentials. This contribution argues that semiotics is the science to study these complex phenomena of development. Its approach is based on Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotics and John Searle's analysis of social reality. Development trajectories are depicted as specific compounds of institutions (signs), technologies (objects), and markets (interpretants) that create meaningful properties depending on symbolic forms. Development is a socially structured and observer-relative phenomenon. Developmental semiosis depends upon symbolic powers that structure and assemble collective intentionality. The paper advances two critical conditions essential to development. The first is semiotic intra-coherence, which is related with the bridging of dispositional functions in a coordinated way in networks of artifacts and users. The second is inter-coherence. It takes place as the supervenient causality of social structures and the performative character of habitual patterns of behavior. Both are intertwined in syntactic and semantic forms evolving in time by forging the development of path-dependent trajectories.
Keywords: Economics, Semiotics, Development, Social Ontology, Collective Intentionality, Économie, sémiotique, développement, ontologie sociale, intentionnalité collective
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4012.More information
This essay explores how photography and digitization have shaped access to and preservation of key sources of the historical phenomenon of child migration from the UK to Canada, as organized by Barnardo's charity. It examines two case studies illustrating how stakeholders in the history of Barnardo's have adopted digital technologies and networks to ensure the continued preservation and dissemination of photographic sources of that history. Focusing on the significance of digital tools in the process of researching case studies, this discussion opens up broader questions of the role of access and preservation technologies in transnational historical research.
Keywords: Archives, Barnardo's, Child migration, Digitization, Photography, Preservation technologies
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4013.More information
Recognizing the cultural transitions Chinese international students undergo as readers in the Canadian higher education system, this study explores the difficulties encountered by four Chinese students and uncovers how they experienced, responded to, and transformed in a new cultural reading environment. Focusing on the notion of a reader’s identity, this study uses narrative inquiry to show how participants’ readers identities are reconstructed in a new cultural reading environment. It concludes that readers’ identities reflect readers’ different cultural memberships. As international students crossing cultural boundaries, their identities as readers shape how they interpret and understand the meaning of reading materials.
Keywords: reader's identity, reconstruction of identity, second language reading, sociocultural reading, Chinese international students, Canadian post-secondary education
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4014.More information
Fundraising through a crowdfunding campaign generates new mechanisms for collection strategies. In this contribution, the notions of social capital and territorial capital are more particularly studied. The purpose of this research is to identify the main mechanisms that can explain the willingness of individuals, outside the family circle and the friendly circle, to finance entrepreneurial projects. With this in mind, the study of the L'Effet Bocal grocery store – an unpackaged grocery store located in the French city of Poitiers – serves as a base for our discussion. In support of this case study, we show that, when it comes to crowdfunding with an entrepreneurial purpose, the notion of territory seems to persist. And this, despite the removal of technical and geographical barriers that induces the broader dynamics of crowdsourcing.
Keywords: Crowdfunding (financement participatif), Crowdsourcing, Capital social, Capital territorial, Entrepreneuriat, Crowdfunding, Crowdsourcing, Social capital, Territorial capital, Entrepreneurship, Crowdfunding, Crowdsourcing, Capital social, Capital territorial, Emprendimiento
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4015.More information
The author proposes that Kama La Mackerel's ZOM-FAM is a fabulatory archive for queer indenture. She contextualizes this book of poems within Mauritius and the island's histories of enslavement and indenture and observe how ZOM-FAM offers a queers lens through decolonial approaches to language alongside an aesthetic that illuminates new genealogies in queer indenture and decolonial gender.
Keywords: archives, affabulatoire, engagisme, queer, île Maurice
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4016.More information
This article explores the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the practices of collective intervention and intersectoral action in Sherbrooke, in the province of Quebec, to understand the local dynamics during the health crisis. Semi-structured individual interviews were combined with document analysis. Data was analysed using thematic content analysis. Five main themes summarise the results. The processes of collective intervention and intersectoral action are characterised, before the pandemic, by a wellestablished collaboration culture, by deep-rooted consultations and by concerted practices; and during the pandemic, by agile response management, by resilient and creative practitioners and by a spontaneous definition of new roles adapted to the context. The proposed communication strategies focus on access sources and on understanding the information provided. Analysis of the effects of the pandemic reveals emerging needs and vulnerabilities that must be taken into account.
Keywords: Collective intervention, Intervention collective, intersectoral action, action intersectorielle, mobilisation, mobilisation, community development, développement des communautés, COVID-19 pandemic, pandémie de COVID-19
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4017.More information
Debates about cultural appropriation and systemic racism in the arts are often read in terms of ethnocultural relations, between a dominant group and marginalized communities, robbed of their history and identity. We argue that there is an equally important dividing line in understanding these debates, this time between the arts community and the rest of society. According to this perspective, there is an artistic sphere on one side and a political sphere on the other, the former being permanently at risk of an invasion by the latter. This is the perspective at the root of the modern notion of the autonomy of art. In contrast to theories that claim this is a dead concept, we will argue that it is very much alive, and that it carries the defensive discourses of a part of the arts community when faced with discussions of cultural appropriation and the under-representation of ethnocultural groups. We will argue that these discourses operate by masking the real presence of politics within the artistic sphere, following a line of defense that we will call “artistic fragility”—echoing Robin DiAngelo's white fragility. We will base our analysis on the discourses that unfolded in Quebec in 2018 surrounding the protests against Robert Lepage's plays SLĀV and Kanata.
Keywords: appropriation culturelle, autonomie de l'art, liberté artistique, SLĀV, Kanata, cultural appropriation, autonomy of art, artistic freedom, SLĀV, Kanata
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4018.More information
In this article, I consider two indie videogames, You Must Be 18 or Older to Enter (Seemingly Pointless 2017) and how do you Do It? (Freeman et al. 2014), that share an interest in the affective impact of parental surveillance and discipline on childhood sexual exploration. Using close playing as my method, I argue that the videogames reveal the perils of surveillance and its pleasures. Drawing on assemblage theory, I demonstrate the contingency of videogames’ affective impact on players and the world and the—sometimes contradictory—potentials that surveillance produces as part of a sexual assemblage. Sometimes, using surveillance as a game mechanic amplifies sexual affect and pleasure and can thus be conceptualized as an example of “flirting” with surveillance. At other times, players orient themselves toward the videogames as the archetypical “parent”—finding pleasure in “catching” a videogame about sexual exploration and attempting to discipline it. Finally, drawing on Kathryn Bond Stockton (2004, 2009, 2017) and José Esteban Muñoz (2019), I argue that, by allowing players to relive childhood sexual exploration as adults, You Must Be 18 or Older to Enter and how do you Do It? provide players with the opportunity to become a playful child, to loop back through time and re-explore sexual discovery, and thus shape nuanced critiques of the way surveillance shapes sexual possibilities.
Keywords: videogames, sex, discipline, assemblage
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4019.More information
Childhood studies’ long concern with elevating children’s perspectives has focused attention on “voice” rather than researcher-participant dialogue, precluding critical attention to the normative adult researcher voice. This article investigates how cocreating comics with children about the COVID-19 pandemic engaged a different researcher voice and produced different representations of pandemic childhoods. Making comics with children aged 7–11, I asked: What does it mean for researchers to speak in speech? I suggest that shifting researcher voices can help researchers recognize the conventions that allow adults to colonize spoken conversation with children, denaturalizing adult voice and allowing us to tell more than one story.
Keywords: child-centered methods, voice, representation, COVID-19, comics
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4020.More information
Engaging with physical education teachers who were compelled to integrate technology into their lessons during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial to understanding how the pandemic has presented this ‘new normal’ circumstance. It is vital to gain insight into the initial experiences of physical education (PE) teachers who transitioned to online physical education (OLPE) teaching, as well as to identify potential areas for improvement in the future. This study investigated the perspectives of secondary school PE teachers on OLPE teaching during the COVID-19 lockdown, their professional development, online training opportunities and future perceptions. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study analysed data from 35 secondary school PE teachers in Fiji, using Google Forms to collect quantitative data and semi-structured interviews for qualitative data. The quantitative data was categorized by age, gender, school setting, qualifications, and teaching experience, while the qualitative data was analysed by themes. The study found that teachers struggled with OLPE due to lack of preparedness, poor Internet connectivity, and lack of emphasis on PE during lockdown. Despite their readiness, integrating technology remains challenging due to a lack of incentives, limited support, and fear of the unknown. The study emphasises the vital importance of technology in creating engaging and relevant PE experiences and recommends the provision of specialised resources, personalised curriculum guidance, and a change in teacher training institutions' paradigms to incorporate contemporary technological applications in PE.
Keywords: online physical education (OLPE), physical education (PE), physical education teachers (PETs), professional development (PD)