Documents found
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4131.More information
Crises cause fear, panic, uncertainty, and helplessness. Uncertainty and insecurity challenge everyone involved; everyone expects instructions, planning, explanations and security. However, we confront scaremongering, simplifications, a range of legitimation strategies and fallacies. Specifically, the fallacies are often placed before community, national or even local interests. These developments are illustrated with a detailed qualitative and quantitative discourse analysis of debates in Austria, in the summer of 2023. I argue that the fallacious appeals to common sense and normality depend on their context, with different content, functions, and effects being observable. Such appeals instrumentalize a ‘politics of emotions’ in different ways. Thus, a novel political logic is normalized, superseding rational discourse, deliberation, and expert-led policy formulation.
Keywords: common sense, discourse-historical approach, discourse-strand, fallacy, mainstreaming, normalization, normality, populism, topos
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4132.More information
This article aims to theorize the concept of “lyricapitalism” to spark a dialogue around the constellation of antinomies that popular music in Nigeria, especially hip-hop, navigates, grapples with, and articulates. By lyricapitalism, I mean lyrical representations of capitalist ideologies, most notably obsession with money, sleeplessness, and cyber-scam culture. I situate lyricapitalism in relation toJonathan Crary’s framework of 24/7 capitalism and Cedric Robinson’s idea of racial capitalism. I argue that Nigerian hip-hop’s lyricapitalism must be interrogated and deconstructed in the context of local and global power relations that marginalize most Nigerian youths and colonially configure them for disposability. I conclude that a new subculture of Nigerian hip-hop is emerging that represents counterculture as authenticity, aesthetics, resistance, and subversion.
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4133.More information
Scholars disagree over whether the employment of artificial intelligence technologies entails an inevitable exercise of power over people or whether such technologies can be configured in such a way as to allow a plurality of possible ways to engage in governance. This article uses the media ecology approach to analysis to demonstrate that the concern that artificial intelligence technologies that appear to be mundane are in fact involved in the exercise of power over people is valid. It contributes to the existing literature by showing that numerous applications of artificial intelligence that people use on an everyday basis interact to amplify one another’s effects. These technologies are the electric toothbrush, internet search engine, smartphone, social media and the use of artificial intelligence as part of the decision-making process. These effects occur at the levels of the individual, city, state and inter-state. These effects are cascading and interconnected rather than occurring on distinct planes. The exercise of power over the individual by the state and the corporations becomes difficult to disentangle. Therefore, states need to cooperate regarding governing artificial intelligence and technology companies if they are to meaningfully protect people from harmful effects.
Keywords: media ecology, governance, artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence decision-making processes, smartphone, social media, internet search engine, electric toothbrush
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4134.More information
The COVID 19 health crisis has had a particularly significant impact on the catering sector in France (restaurant closures, mass departures, etc.). But to what extent has the resulting destabilization disrupted the previous way the sector operates? In this article, we explore the extent to which the health crisis has undermined its "ordinary normativity", characterized by a strong demand for loyalty through informal arrangements, and the distancing of national andstate regulations. To do this, we will draw on material from two studies: one on restaurant directors and managers confronted with the health crisis, and the other on cooks' relationship to work. We show that, while the health crisis was accompanied by control regulations that were fairly well received by employers, it also put to test the informal supports on which loyalty is built in working relationships in the sector. The closures represented a suspended period of time, invested by employers in the continuity of previous modes of regulation. But the conditions of the reopening and the wage standards of regulation introduced by government aids helped to cast a shadow over the sector's "ordinary normativity" and gave rise to conflicts of loyalty - the scope and limits of which need to be questioned.
Keywords: Restaurant industry, Restauration, Covid19, Covid19, Activity, Activité, Regulation, Régulation, Loyalty, Loyauté
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4136.More information
This paper aims to develop the criteria for assessing semantic arguments. However, while this notion constituted the core of ancient dialectics and is addressed in several approaches to argument analysis, the criteria for evaluating such arguments are insufficient. This paper intends to address this problem by combining the insights of classical and contemporary logic and testing them against some controversies involving controversial definitions or classifications. Through detailed case studies of the argumentative uses involving the (re)definitions of racism, war, peace, and feminism, we formulated and tested eight evaluation criteria that may be expressed as critical questions.
Keywords: argumentation schemes, classification, correctness of a definition, critical questions, definition, persuasive definition, semantic argument
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4137.More information
In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards the integration of artificial intelligence features into records and archives management practices in order to improve the quality of recorded information and multiply the opportunities of its use by users according to their needs. This raises the question of whether we can speak about a fifth archival paradigm, that is, automation, which calls for a revision of the processes by which recorded information is created, processed, disseminated and preserved over the long term. Based on Cook's archival paradigms, this article aims to explore the way automation can be part of the continuity of these paradigms and how archivists and records managers should reinvent their roles in this context.
Keywords: archival paradigm, paradigme archivistique, artificial intelligence, archivistes, automation, transformation numérique, digital transformation, intelligence artificielle, automatisation, archivists, records managers
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4138.More information
This article is part of broader research on the well-being of teachers in Quebec; more specifically, assessing their socio-emotional competencies (SEC), which are poorly documented. In the absence of questionnaires in French (Yoder, 2014) to assess them, it was proposed to develop a new questionnaire following the seven-step approach of Frenette et al. (2019), which maximizes obtaining validity evidence. A sample of 401 teachers allowed us to accumulate various validity evidence supporting the use of this questionnaire. The analyses showed that the two-factor (intrapersonal and interpersonal) conceptual model fits the data well. According to the perception of Quebec teachers, the results highlight three findings: (1) SEC are used occasionally in classroom, (2) the interpersonal component is more present in their interventions than the intrapersonal one, and (3) young teachers present lower averages for the intrapersonal component compared to their older colleagues. Future research is needed to support these findings and justify the importance of introducing SEC into teacher training in Quebec.
Keywords: compétences socioémotionnelles, socio-emotional competencies, CASEL, CASEL, enseignant, teacher, questionnaire, questionnaire, processus de validation, validation process
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4139.More information
Media depictions of Indigenous people have a long history of perpetuating racist, stereotyping, and victim blaming discourse. At the same time, recent scholarship asserts that news media is shifting its stance towards equity-groups involved in police-based mental health emergency response (MHER). Yet, few have sought to determine how these frames apply to police-based MHER for Indigenous people in Canada. Using an intersectional approach accounting for Indigeneity and mental illness, 168 Canadian media articles published between 1970 and 2022 were collated and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Two overarching themes, affective realities and harms created by police involvement and normative practices perpetuating police impunity were found, as were several sub-themes. Implications for the role and function of news media in supporting the health and social policy needs of Indigenous groups are discussed.
Keywords: media framing, Indigenous health, racism, media, discrimination, policing
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4140.More information
The bureaucratic precepts engendered by modern universities produce a slew of negative effects inimical to educational justice. Drawing on historiographical evidence from the 1968 Strax Affair, a little-known protest held at the University of New Brunswick, we identify the arts of discombobulation as a novel approach to challenge the intellectual constraints imposed by university bureaucracies. By theorizing the arts of discombobulation, we aim to counteract bureaucracy’s most alienating affective residues, equipping scholars with an administrative arsenal capable of transforming the corporate academy into a playful, joyful environment. Inspired by cultural historian Johan Huizinga’s theory of the “play-function,” we introduce five interrelated tactics—burlesque versions of both formal and informal administrative practices—that amplify the contradictions inherent to the corporate academy’s contemporary bureaucratic structure: personalization, befuddlement, signal jamming, mapping, and abeyance. Even during moments of Kafkaesque bureaucratic defeat, discombobulation can generate a sense of heightened play necessary to fuel democratic resistance.
Keywords: universities, bureaucracy, resistance, discombobulation, play