Documents found
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4251.More information
Most previous studies on online surveillance have been conducted in long-time liberal democracies with limited experiences of explicit and intrusive state surveillance. This article explores the role of the historical legacy of totalitarianism or authoritarianism, embodied in generational experiences, in the formation of imaginaries of, and attitudes toward, contemporary state and corporate surveillance. We propose a theoretical hypothesis of the “surveillance survival paradox”: firsthand experiences of the past (totalitarian/authoritarian) surveillance regime do not lead to a greater fear or criticism of the contemporary regime; rather, it is the opposite. The article presents results from an original mixed-method study combining a quantitative online survey (N=3,221) with focus group and individual interviews (seventy-one participants) conducted among two generations (born in 1946–1953 and 1988–1995) in three European countries with different historical surveillance regimes (Estonia, Portugal, and Sweden). The quantitative analysis reveals significant cross-cultural differences in personal and mediated experiences of surveillance. Inter-generational differences in attitudes toward contemporary surveillance were surprisingly similar across the countries, with the older groups in all countries demonstrating higher tolerance toward online state surveillance, and the younger groups reporting higher acceptance for corporate dataveillance. The qualitative analysis reveals that perceptions of the past surveillance regime as more direct and dangerous overshadow sensitivities toward more abstract and covert risks related to the extended state and corporate surveillance in the contemporary datafied world. The results led us to formulate the “surveillance survival paradox” as a generation-specific, and probably also country- or regime-specific, phenomenon.
Keywords: Authoritarianism, Estonia, Portugal, Sweden, corporate surveillance, state online surveillance, totalitarianism, surveillance attitudes, digital privacy
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4252.More information
This study explores the experiences of racially minoritized youth activists involved in the climate justice movement. From July to October of 2023, I conducted semi-structured narrative interviews with 15 Black, Indigenous, and youth of colour in Ontario, aged 18 to 29, who had been affiliated with a climate justice organization for at least six months. Through timeline mapping and semi-structured interviews, participants highlighted pivotal life events that shaped their justice-oriented values. Three overarching themes emerged: nurturing identity, shaping communities and schools, and forging new pathways for racially minoritized youth leaders. The findings underscore the empowerment youth experience through local action and community engagement. With a grounding in relational solidarity and ethical relationality, this study emphasizes the imperative for Canadian education systems to integrate robust climate justice pedagogies as well as interdisciplinary, action-oriented climate justice learning that fosters student efficacy and leadership. The study also aims to highlight the ways educators, policy makers, and stakeholders can engage with climate justice, informed by racially minoritized activists.
Keywords: climate justice education, mouvement pour la justice climatique, jeunes militant[e]s racialisé[e]s, climate justice movement, éducation à la justice climatique, intersectional environmentalism, environnementalisme intersectionnel, youth empowerment, résilience des jeunes, relational solidarity, ethical relationality, solidarité relationnelle, éthique relationnelle, racially minoritized youth activists
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4253.More information
Despite enduring a range of atrocities, Mi’kmaq people continue to be resilient in the face of adversity. In collaboration with the Union of Nova Scotia Mi'kmaq and through discussions with eight Knowledge Holders, this research aimed to uncover sources of suffering and healing pathways in Mi’kmaq communities. Knowledge Holders identified salient sources of suffering including residential schooling and past policies, ongoing systemic discrimination, collective loss, and community conflict. Knowledge Holders emphasized the importance of engaging in wholistic healing practices that are grounded in Mi’kmaq culture, spirituality, and ways of knowing. Similarly, strengthening connections to culture, community, ancestors, and the land was described as a healing pathway. This research provides support for community-based services that promote healing through cultural revitalization.
Keywords: Mi'kmaq mental health, Indigenous ways of healing, Indigenous resilience, intergenerational trauma, traditional healing practices
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4254.More information
This article analyzes the history, production, circulation, and political uses of the alt-right’s discourse about cultural Marxism in the context of the right-wing populist Trump presidency, the rise of fascist movements in the United States and worldwide, and the politics of intersectional hate.
Keywords: alt-right, conspiracy theory, cultural Marxism, hegemony, ideology, populism, right-wing extremism, Trump effect, white supremacy
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4255.More information
Objectives: This paper examines family victimization, well-being, and resilience among sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents and emerging adults aged 15 to 29 years. Methods: Self-reported data were collected online (2019-2020) from 1,971 Canadian SGM youths. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds of: (a) having experienced family victimization over the past 12 months; (b) reporting well-being across the various frequencies of family victimization; and (c) thriving (i.e., flourishing despite having experienced family victimization). Results: About 36% of participants experienced family victimization within the previous 12 months, with 13% reporting recurrent family victimization. Recurrent victimization was more prevalent among trans and nonbinary youths as compared to cisgender men, and was also more prevalent among socioeconomically disadvantaged participants. Recurrent victimization was significantly associated with higher odds of reporting internalized heterosexism, efforts to conceal gender and sexual orientation, languishing mental health, social anxiety, loneliness, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Thriving participants were less likely to experience activity restrictions or to live with at least one parent, and more likely to score higher on authenticity scales, to report proactive norms against violence within their family, and to have food and economic security. Conclusion: Despite recent advances in SGM rights and acceptance, SGM youths still face family victimization and compromised well-being. Implications: These findings underline the importance of screening for family violence among SGM youths, particularly among trans youths and those of lower socioeconomic status. Findings also underline the importance of providing SGM youth both a safe family environment and material security.
Keywords: family victimization, sibling bullying, LGBT, sexual and gender minority (SGM), adolescents, emerging adults
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4256.More information
In the wake of the killing of George Floyd in 2020, global protests generated public scrutiny about policing in our communities. Between 2020 and 2022, many school boards in Canada began to re-evaluate the value of having police in schools, as school resource officers or school liaison officers, with many boards eventually electing to end these programs altogether. Interactions with police in and through schools can facilitate a process by which youth are pushed out of the school system and into the criminal justice system, commonly known as the school to prison pipeline. The Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), which governs youth in conflict with the law, specifically in their interactions with the justice system and information that is permitted to be shared with other entities like schools. In part, these protections are provided to prevent stigmatization and promote rehabilitation. However, the YCJA had been amended to allow more information disclosures between police and school administrations. This article looks at the legislative history of the YCJA to provide context to these amendments. This article also explores how the court has interpreted privacy for youth under the Act, and how the privacy provisions operate in practice. Finally, it provides empirical research that relies upon interviews with key informants that shed light on the impacts of information sharing between police and schools on youth.
Keywords: human rights, human rights education, Youth Criminal Justice Act, police in schools
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4257.More information
Objective – Immigrants’ adjustment to U.S. society, also known as immigrant acculturation, is a vast area of study, but there are few studies relating to immigrant acculturation within the library and information science field. Methods – Data from 131 survey responses and 20 interviews suggest that library workers are somewhat familiar with the immigrant acculturation process, but specific and evidence based training can further their knowledge. Results – Insight on immigrant acculturation contextualizes immigrants’ realities and thus assists library workers in being aware of and responsive to the nuances of adjusting to and thriving in a new country like the U.S. Conclusion – In the face of anti-immigration legislation and heightened xenophobic misinformation, librarians need professional development drawn from empirical investigations of immigrants’ acculturative experiences.
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4258.More information
In an era of ubiquitous computing and generative AI, our experience of place is increasingly mediated by digital technologies, creating hybrid environments where physical and virtual interactions converge. While fields like media and urban studies have explored this through the concept of ‘digital placemaking’—the use of digital media to create a sense of place—this phenomenon has received limited attention within information studies. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a new conceptual framework, termed the ‘placial-technical,’ which refines the traditional socio-technical perspective to specifically analyze the mutual shaping of place, information, and technology. Using this lens, we argue that digital placemaking should be understood as a form of information practice, encompassing the socially situated ways individuals seek, use, and share information to construct meaning about their surroundings. Drawing on literature from human geography, media studies, and Human Computer Interaction, we trace the evolution of placemaking concepts and technologies. We then analyze digital placemaking through the dual processes of perception (how information inputs shape our understanding of place) and representation (how we create informational outputs to depict place), focusing on the growing influence of algorithms and generative AI. This synthesis reveals research gaps and offers implications for information studies. By conceptualizing digital placemaking as an information practice, the field can extend its theoretical and methodological tools while informing the ethical design of technologies that foster authentic community engagement and place attachment in a digitally mediated world.
Keywords: digital placemaking, Création de lieux numériques, Sentiment d'appartenance au lieu, sense of place, Pratiques informationelles, information practice, Systèmes sociotechniques, socio-technical systems
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4259.More information
Digital competence, beyond core content knowledge, is a key skill for many teachers in this day and age, and several frameworks for this have been proposed internationally. In Canada, some provinces and territories are currently implementing rules and guidelines regarding the digital competencies of teachers. However, only Quebec has an actual one that is linked to teachers, with specific dimensions integrating critical knowledge and attitudes. This interpretive study examines Quebec’s teacher reference and digital-competency frameworks by exploring their integration into teacher-education programs. Two qualitative data-collection methods, namely, semi-structured interviews and document analysis, were used in this study. The sample included seven university professors from the education departments at different Quebec universities and 34 descriptions of digital technologies courses in Quebec’s teacher-education programs. The main results indicate that digital competence is included in at least one course in teacher-education programs, and that instrumental elements are prioritized over critical and ethical digital dimensions. The findings also highlight professors’ awareness of the importance of further developing these less prominent dimensions. The challenges associated with this integration are acknowledged, and the need for future research to develop pedagogical strategies that promote the acquisition of these competencies is emphasized.
Keywords: Digital Competence, Quebec, Teacher Education, Critical Perspective
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4260.More information
As climate change becomes a pressing issue, there are many concerns about the vulnerability and autonomy of small island developing states like the Caribbean, and relatedly, for the meaningfulness of the initiatives that are being designed and implemented to build community resilience. We use a decolonial framework and semi structured interviews with nine governmental and non-governmental community-based climate change actors in Trinidad and Tobago to explore the issues impacting community resilience. Thematic analyses point to community resilience constructions as bottom-up initiatives built on principles of participatory action, access, and co-creation of initiatives. Implications for community-based resilience are also addressed.
Keywords: Climate change, Community-based interventions, Resilience, Small Island Developing States (SIDS), Trinidad & Tobago