Documents found
-
95.More information
The identification in Montréal of a nautical astrolabe previously unknown to specialists has prompted a new look at instruments of this type held in Canada and France. Mariners used the astrolabe to measure the elevation of the sun or the North Star and thus calculate their latitude. Cast in Lisbon in 1631, the Montreal instrument belongs to the historical collection of the Sulpician fathers. Since the context of its acquisition is unknown, this study examines a possible link with two Sulpicians – René Bréhant de Galinée, navigator, and Jean Cavelier, brother of the famous explorer Cavelier de La Salle. This research then considers the instrument within the corpus of 11 nautical astrolabes known in Canada and France. Made in Spain, France, and Portugal, these pieces shed light on the evolution of navigation practices in the North Atlantic in the 16th and 17th centuries. This study identifies Honfleur as a production centre in France. Nautical astrolabes played a role in the social construction of scientific maritime knowledge tied to the State, a process that involved religious orders, including the Montréal Sulpicians.
-
96.More information
AbstractConjugal Alliances in the Saguenay Area Geographical and Social Parameters (1842-1921)The subject of this study is the Saguenay population (Québec) between 1842 and 1921. We have analysed spatial and social parameters of the conjugal choice, taken as an indicator of sociocultural change in this society. The paper focuses on endogamy and consanguinity. In the overall, the proportion of endogamous unions (60.6 9c) is quite stable over the period. So is the proportion of consanguineous marriages (9,9 %). This figure does not vary much either across occupational groups. Besides, there was no preferential mating pattern on the basis of kinship. The same variables have been studied with remarriages. The results were notably different.
-
97.More information
Acculturation in France of the American concept of urban sprawl was a long-drawn-out and shaky process which so demonized the term, and the related concept of suburbanization, that it became a tool for fearmongering against any alternative approaches running counter to conventional centralized views of what constituted true sustainable urban development. This guilt-by-association argument tends generally to fly in the face of the long history of human settlement and the genesis of the urban fabric, both of which have led to the development of characteristics that call for a more nuanced approach. We first explain the process and reasons for the development of this unwarranted connotation, then use the particular case of Brittany to illustrate our argument that the effect of the perversion of the concept of urban sprawl has led to a largely unjustified stigmatization of the “invisible cities” which have come to characterize this region.
Keywords: Aménités, territoire, Bretagne, bourg, étalement urbain, longue durée, périurbanisation, villes invisibles, Amenities, territory, Brittany, towns and villages, urban sprawl, long-term features, suburbanization, invisible cities, Amabilidades, territorio, Bretaña, villa, expansión urbana, largo plazo, peri urbanización, ciudades invisibles
-
98.More information
AbstractAccess to health care is particularly important in the case of diseases which require rapid attention, such as hemophilia. Spatial, therapeutic and cognitive factors can also act as barriers or facilitators of access to health care services. Despite acceptable access times, a GIS-based time-distance analysis for Brittany shows that severe hemophiliac patients are more likely to live close to hospitals. Access times negatively impact on levels of satisfaction in patients unaccustomed to such trips. Interviews reveal that patients do not necessarily use the closest health care services to them but more readily base their choices on the perceived quality of the health care provided or their relationships with staff. Self-treatment can reduce the number of trips required for hospital services but may at the same time impose material constraints that hamper patients' normal mobility, or oblige them to carry voluminous and expensive equipment with them.
Keywords: Accessibilité, Bretagne, distance, hémophilie, parcours de soins, SIG, vécu, Accessibility, Brittany, distance, GIS, haemophilia, health care pattern, real-life experience, Accesibilidad, Bretaña, distancia, hemofilia, trayecto de servicios, SIG, vivencia
-
99.More information
Keywords: personnes déficientes, séjour adapté, labellisation, charte, accessibilité