Search Results

In this paper, the authors set forth their thinking on the essential role played by legal scholars in the achievement of food security for all peoples and on the complementarity of the human right to food and food security. On the one hand, the human right to food that in international law is an integral part of basic human rights is a part and parcel of food security. On the other, the concept of food security makes it possible to emphasize the tangible measures, including legal initiatives needed to attain each individual's right to food. Thus, from a more instrumental viewpoint, the legal system may contribute in many ways to bring about food security by favouring the availability, accessibility and secure consumption of food. To illustrate the instrumental function of law instigating food security, the authors propose the example of aboriginal law, which plays an important role in implementing the means favouring aboriginal peoples' access to their traditional sources of food. By shedding light on the importance of food security and the role played by law in achieving such security, the authors hope to encourage an even greater contribution of legal scholars to understanding what is at stake in their respective fields with regard to food security.

Among the development of a new country, the adoption of choronyms is essential in designating these recently occupied regions. Well-known and accepted regionyms (names of regions) like Charlevoix, Gaspésie or Mauricie and the recent use of Hudsonia, Minganie and Estrie with the newly named Sagamie (from Saguenay and Piecouagami, or Lac Saint-Jean region) are already well-established but nevertheless other regions, like the land bording James Bay, remain nameless. Therefore, might we propose the regionym Jamesia (Jamésie) and its derived adjective jamesian (jamésien, ne) to designate this land. In 1967, the term Radissonia (Radissonie) suggested by R. Lejeune was accepted for all James Bay and its islands, together with the coast line and the interior land on both sides, from central New Québec to Manitoba. Jamesia would consequently be included in this vast territory. The Québec Jamesia for its part consists mainly of the eastern part of James Bay including its islands and the lowlands recently emerged from the transgression waters of the postglacial Tyrrell Sea. This territory spreads from Abitibi and joins to the North the Louis-XIV Point (lately Cape Jones) which is the southem limit of Hudsonia, and extends eastward to the long Boyd-Sakami Reservoir; this limit runs parallely inland along the Matagami-LG 2 road.

Keywords: Toponymie, noms de lieu, néorégionymes, baie de James, Jamésie, Canada, Toponymy, place names, neoregionyms, James Bay, Jamesia, Canada

Based on two ethnographic studies conducted in Montreal, we compare the relationship to public space and to the notion of integration among young Congolese Pentecostal who are religious believers and practitioners with that of their Chiite Lebanese peers. We first describe the processes of religious initiation and the religous and social activities of these young people in the mosques and churches. We show how the representations they have regarding their minority status in the host society impact their participation in public life. In both cases, their political behaviour reveals definitions of identity that hinge on different transnational practices. Finally, we revisit the notions of host society, public space, and integration by looking at transnationalism as a lifestyle that we link with young people's mode of commitment in public life of both groups.

Keywords: Jeunes, pentecôtistes, chiites, intégration, espace public, Youth, Pentecostals, Chiites, integration, public space

The Yugoslav war of the 1990s led to processes of memory reconstruction and of rewriting history characterized by conflict between ordinary memories and official memories. These processes reveal important political issues in Bosnia-Herzegovina at the turn of the XXIst century. They also raise the question of the future of a “multiethnic” country when the official history found in school textbooks emphasizes the most dramatic periods of the past.

Keywords: Mémoire, histoire, guerre, ethnicité, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Memory, history, war, ethnicity, Bosnia and Herzegovina

This article examines how Latin-American intellectuals in Mexico and Costa Rica have reformulated the discourse on and definition of violence against women over the past 20 years. Its goal is to identify the defining strategies used in the concepts femicidio and feminicidio to denounce, conceptualize, and politicize violence experienced by women, especially in a private context. By combining inputs from sociology and linguistics, this article highlights the intersecting dynamics between the contexts of mobilization, discursive formulation of new concepts, and how new legal categories are brought to the public agenda.

Keywords: Feminicidio, femicidio, violence contre les femmes, violence de genre, violence conjugale, violence familiale, féminisme, pénalisation de la violence, Feminicidio, femicidio, violence against women, gender violence, conjugal violence, domestic violence, feminism, criminalisation of violence

Neorealism and the English School depict Greco-Roman antiquity as a permanent state of war following a logic of ‘balance of power' analogous to the contemporary international system. For its part, constructivism emphasizes the practices of cooperation that regulated interactions between city-states rather than war itself. Through a comparative analysis of the different logics of territorial expansion developed in democratic Greece and the Roman Republic, this article offers an alternative conceptualization of the strategies of territorialization and accumulation that prevailed in Athens and Rome. Rooted in the tradition of historical sociology in international relations, this conceptualization highlights how military activities that complement capabilities of production and appropriation can take varied forms and can be best understood by analyzing the historical specificity of different social regimes of property

Keywords: relations internationales, guerre, relations sociales de propriété, Grèce, Rome, International relations, war, social relations of property, Greece, Rome, Relaciones internacionales, guerra, relaciones sociales de propiedad, Grecia, Roma

SummaryThis article draws out certain elements of a diagnosis of racism in Quebec in several sectors of social life on the basis of Quebec literature on this issue. It also discusses the extent of the effectiveness of institutional measures for combating racism and proposes courses of action with a view to their future orientation. The two moments of this analysis — assessment of the situation and proposal for the fight against racism — are linked by a hypothesis. Based on recent sociological analysis of the phenomenon in various contexts, the authors assume that racism is going through an important period of adaptation to democratic modernity and that the institutions which until now have succeeded in stemming racism no longer have a good grasp of its real issues. This mutation of racism is making it more complex to find effective means for controlling its effects. In the last section of the article, a broadened antiracist approach is proposed, one that is all the more important, the authors argue, inasmuch as it constitutes one of the weakest elements of the successive policies in the area of intercommunity and civic relations.

Keywords: racisme, Québec, modernité, démocratie, politiques, institutions intercommunautaires, antiracisme, racism, Quebec, modernity, democracy, policies, intercommunity institutions, antiracism, racismo, Quebec, modernidad, democracia, políticas, instituciones intercomunitarias, antiracismo

SummaryThis article discusses the results of part of a research project studying punishment as a discursive practice in the creation of two concomitant events: a murder and a hanging; the working of a criminal hand and the working of justice. It looks into a hanging which occurred in Quebec in 1930. The material analyzed is composed of all archival documents related to the event. Michel Foucault's archeo-genealogical method is used in an exploratory manner as an approach for the analytic interpretation. The authors analyze certain practices which served to constitute the meaning of the two utterances. For the constitution of the murder, the authors considered the admission and the coroner's examination of the victim's body, and, for the constitution of the hanging, they examined they work of managing the condemned individual's body, work which occurred on the day of the hanging. They also discuss a few moments of resistance. The analysis reveals, among other things, the ritualized form of the legal process and the process of statutory degradation and statutory gradation in light of the various strategies and tactics employed.

Keywords: pénalité, rituel, justice, peine de mort, Foucault, discours, punishment, ritual, justice, death penalty, Foucault, discourse, penalidad, ritual, justicia, pena de muerte, pena capital, Foucault, discurso