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This article presents three fundamental aspects of the historical and contemporary relationships in Canada between the Indigenous Peoples and their heritage, meaning the process of heritagization of Indigenous cultures. The first is the perpetuation of colonial policy in the heritage field with the principle of ‘protection'. The second is the confirmation of the principle of ‘preservation' as the main ontological obstacle to the understanding of what heritage can be from an Indigenous point of view. The third is the affirmation by the Indigenous peoples of heritage governance as a tool of autonomy in this area, and of political self-determination more broadly. These characteristics help us to better grasp the complexity with which Indigenous Peoples deal with cultural affairs to pursue their ways of doing and being in the world in cultural institutions, particularly museums, and on their ancestral territories.

Keywords: patrimoine, protection, préservation, musée, territoire ancestral, autonomie

The internationalization's process of emerging countries' multinational firms (EMNF) challenges the theoretical approaches in international business. This work aims to identify the specificities of EMNF's internationalization through the study of JBS, a Brazilian firm world leader in meat production. Based on internal company data and a collection of secondary information, we have traced around fifty acquisition operations in Brazil and abroad. Our results confirm that the EMNFs' internationalization process follows a specific trajectory compared to those revealed by last internationalization models (Born Global, Springbaord, Casino): strong financial dimension, acquisitions of subsidiaries of international groups, then used to acquire other firms, controlled geographical expansion and aimed at securing supply and distribution, and strong support from financial and political national institutions.

Keywords: FMN, pays émergents, internationalisation, Brésil, viande, MNF, emergent countries, internationalization, Brazil, meat, EMN, países emergentes, internacionalización, Brasil, carne

Since the recent distinction between institutional and social heritage has been made, it is now possible to analyze a case of food heritage independent of official certification. This article aims to show how the Île d'Orléans strawberry is part of a social process of transforming food into a popular heritage, thus recognized and valued "from below". In this sense, it is suggested that press discourses participate in the construction of the strawberry's heritage as much as they relay the resulting construct. The analysis presented in this article thus highlights the role of the media in the construction of heritage, notably through the consolidation of the link between place and product.

Keywords: patrimoine social, discours, fraise, alimentation, journalisme, social heritage, discourse, strawberry, food, journalism

On November 28, 1729, the Natchez killed by surprise more than 200 French colonists, their neighbours and partners for several years, in a post located 250 km north of New Orleans, Louisiana. This article examines, from an anthropological perspective, the reasons for such a massacre. Why did the French presence spark such brutal action, in the form of collective murder? The article challenges the thesis of resistance to the colonial yoke, questioning how the Natchez found a place for settlers in their society. It thus emphasizes sacrifice as it prevails as a domestic ritual among the Natchez, and the contagious nature of death in this society, while placing the attack of 1729 within a made-up Native American history, in the lower valley of the Mississippi, of aborted ethnic cohabitations, which end in blood. The Franco-Natchez alliance, marked by spatial contiguity and daily interactions, may have emerged from an Indigenous device of dualist integration which finally came to a standstill.

Keywords: Natchez, Louisiane, massacre, sacrifice, dualisme

The “mafia” phenomenon, neither active nor perceived in the same way on both sides of the Alps, is treated differently by the French and Italian media: the definition of “the mafia” entered the Italian penal Code in 1982 when it was precisely defined. By contrast, it is not yet officially recognized in France. This article proposes to show how the asymmetrical treatment by the media of this criminal organization from one country to the other is a symptom and a cause of a difference in collective perception, among citizens, and in political choices, from the point of view of institutions. The Italian mafia is a source of myth and fantasy fed by a broad array of artistic productions, both in literature and in cinema, which generate the proliferation of stereotypes inspired by reality. The profusion of fictional representations of the mafia has led to the importation into the French language of a large number of related Italian terms and expressions on the subject, by means of borrowings and neologisms frequently relayed by the media. An inadequate contextualization of these terms exposes them to the risk of a semantic shift. In this article, we examine a selection of about sixty articles from the French newspapers Le Monde, Le Figaro and Libération in order to analyze the way journalists cover a phenomenon that is apprehended differently in France and in Italy from a cultural point of view. A comparison between the terminological treatment of the “mafia” by the French press at the end of the 19th century and by the press of today will reveal the persistence of exoticization processes used by journalists, leading to a reflection on the impact of language on the perception of social phenomena and on the political implications of terminological choices.

Keywords: traduction journalistique, couverture médiatique, mafia, exotisation, asymétrie culturelle, journalistic translation, media coverage, mafia, exoticization, cultural asymmetry

This paper presents the journalistic corpus as a valuable resource in acquiring critical knowledge. Translator training in economics and finance must incorporate this skill set, especially at a time when an increasing volume of texts from these fields is expected to be processed through neural machine translation. The paper aims to support teaching practices that acknowledge the work of translators as actively engaged in constructing social reality. This posture is delineated within critical discourse analysis, which is helpful in understanding the broader context of the financialized economy. After a brief review of approaches to teaching economic and financial translation, the article proposes three entry points into the critical analysis of a journalistic corpus: lexicon and vocabulary, agency and voice. Some praxeological aspects are discussed, such as how to build a corpus from newspapers.

Keywords: traduction financière, traduction économique, enseignement de compétences critiques, analyse critique du discours, corpus de presse, financial translation, economic translation, teaching critical skills, critical discourse analysis, newspaper corpus

Lorsqu'ils étudient dans le cadre d'une Université québécoise et francophone, en présenciel ou en e-learning, les étudiants allophones peuvent se retrouver dans un contexte ethnolinguistique similaire ou divergent de leur langue première ou seconde, voire troisième, et à l'intérieur d'un système socio-éducatif véhiculant des normes, valeurs et comportements similaires, différents ou opposés à ceux dans lesquels ils ont grandi. Ce changement de contexte peut engendrer une transformation de leurs représentations sociales des parcours et des pratiques éducatives. Pour prendre en compte ces « dissonances » et assurer une cohérence de leurs « idées, opinions et comportements » (Festinger, 1957), les étudiants allophones peuvent aussi bien être tentés de fuir ces opportunités d'apprentissage que d'en faire une expérience positive, dès que les chocs culturels (Cohen-Émerique, 1984), …

Canadian sociologists have been significantly involved in the International Sociological Association since its inception. Three of its congresses have been held in Canada. This article maps this involvement at the level of governing bodies and research committee steering committees. A comparison of the participation of Quebec sociologists with that of English-Canadian sociologists reveals not only chronological gaps and differentiated investments (which fade from the 1990s onward in the context of globalization) but also shared dispositions toward internationalization (based on previous experiences abroad, such as doctorates obtained abroad and migratory paths).

Keywords: congrès internationaux, histoire de la sociologie, hégémonie intellectuelle, internationalisation, sociologie canadienne, sociologie québécoise, international congresses, history of sociology, intellectual hegemony, internationalization, Canadian sociology, Quebec sociology

This text explores the concept of research-creation as an emerging category of knowledge production in the social sciences, humanities and the arts, as well as its accompanying challenges. It also seeks to examine the potential for collaborative methodology (creating a short film as part of the interdisciplinary TRYSPACES project) and research-creation to respond to 3 challenges and paradoxes found in the literature : those related to context, process and knowledge. We connect these three levels of paradoxes to a recounting of the experience and a reflection on our findings from the practical study, both sensory and community. In doing so, we aim to shine a light on its contributions and associated solutions and move towards new paradigms of knowledge construction and dissemination within research-creation.

Keywords: Recherche-création, méthodologie collaborative, expérience, interdisciplinarité, connaissance sensible, research-creation, collaborative methodology, experience, interdisciplinary, sensory knowledge, Investigación-creación, metodología colaborativa, experiencia, interdisciplinaridad, conocimiento sensible