Documents found
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2981.
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2984.More information
The serious economic problems that the unified Germany has to face — as must other industrialized countries - cannot by themselves account for the growing disenchantment that is perceptible in the New Länder, where the utopian dreams of the fall of 1989 have been steadily unravelling. Why is it that the people of the GDR, who had pushed aside the lethargy of politicians in order to impose a speedy unification of the two German states, now seem to be adopting a radical attitude of defiance towards the federal government ? The author postulates that, in implementing the unification process, people overestimated the capability of the West German federal model to integrate the territories of the GDR and underestimated the permanence of the political consciousness specific to East German citizens, the weight of their historical experience, and their profound yearning to assume their destiny within a unified Germany. Had an autonomous East German chamber been created, with a time-limited mandate, it might have been possible to give meaning to the collective quest for identity now being expressed in the New Länder, a quest which for the time being, and in the absence of any alternative, finds an outlet in a party incarnating the region's specificity - the PDS.
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2986.More information
Getting into touch with human settlements, economic values work as continuous quantitative external factors. However, the geographical localization of those values make evident a discontinuous and qualitative categorization. According to a statement of the Catastrophe Theory, a continuous factor cannot directly explain a discontinuous categorization. In fact, such a categorization is generated by a dynamical agent of its own, which is dependent of a political control upon the places held by the social actors. Moreover, these places are invested by an anthropological meaning when they are appropriated. So the geographical economic features are generated by political appropriations that give out differentiated places invested by an anthropological meaning. Economic values make evident this categorization but do not explain its particular characters.
Keywords: Catégorisation, discontinuité qualitative, dynamique interne, facteur externe, interdit de propriété, trajectoire de mobilité, valeur anthropologique, valeur économique, valeur positionnelle, Anthropological meaning, categorization, continuous, discontinuous, economic values, external factor, dynamical agent of its own, ex-convict prohibited of entering, land rent, places
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2987.
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2988.More information
This article documents the origins and evolution of differential treatment in international economic law, using a discussion of international development law as a backdrop, in order to shed light on the transformations that this concept has undergone. This study is mandated not only because the concept of development has been redeployed in the work of international organizations, but also because of the perspective adopted in the current Doha Round of WTO negotiations. It is also mandated because differential treatment has materialized in international environmental law under the new label of “common but differentiated responsibilities.” An undeniable sign of juridical vitality, the concept of differential treatment continues to seep into the customary practices of states and into new areas of international law, such as areas relating to the diversity of cultural expressions.The author begins by outlining the emergence of the concept of differential treatment within the United Nations. He then analyzes how the concept was received in the law of the multilateral commercial system, from its origins to the creation of the WTO, and goes on to examine the application of differential treatment by WTO members, paying special attention to the Generalized System of Preferences, which is one of its main modes of application. Finally, the author outlines the prospects for the evolution of differential treatment in light of the current Doha Round of negotiations.
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2989.
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2990.