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This article presents the results of exploratory research on social and solidarity economy ecosystems. In the discussion section, it introduces a reflective analysis addressing four questions inspired by the advances and learnings emerging from the consulted documents. Finally, it lays the groundwork for a research agenda on the concept of ecosystem in resonance with the transformations currently observed both at the geopolitical level and in terms of the current situation.

Keywords: écosystèmes d’économie sociale et solidaire, social and solidarity economy ecosystems, écosystèmes d’entreprises innovantes, innovative business ecosystems, relational ontology, ontologie relationnelle, programme de recherche, research agenda, social and ecological transition, transition sociale et écologique

This paper argues that Canadian foreign and security policy - what together we lump under the rubric of "grand strategy" - took on the aspects of a particularly North American geopolitical dispensation known as "isolationism" during the years between the world wars. Just as did the United States (though there were some obvious differences in origins and practice), so too did Canada seek in the interwar years to derive geostrategic benefit from life on a "continent apart" - apart, that is, from the vicissitudes and dangers of the European balance of power. As did Washington, so too did Ottawa seek during these decades to insulate its people and institutions from turmoil generated in a part of the world that many in English Canada were beginning to regard as more of a danger than a comfort. It is in this context that Dandurand's famous remark about Canada's living in a "fire-proof house, far from inflammable materials" derives its meaning.

Whereas the relations between Russia and the us have critically deteriorated since the Ukrainian crisis, the Moscow-Washington strategic dialogue on arms control has been stalling as never seen before. Multiplying “nuclear signaling”, Russia has furthermore raised the stakes when President Vladimir Putin displayed highly sophisticated and hypersonic weapons in his March 2018 speech, rising the fear that Russia's nuclear threshold has been lowered. Through the examination of Russian official documents, by analyzing the recent critical progress achieved by Russian conventional forces and by taking into consideration the latest outcomes of the strategic debate regarding Russia's nuclear deterrence, this paper aims at mitigating the widely spread idea that Moscow is today more ready than ever to use its nuclear capabilities. Moreover, the Kremlin remains fundamentally interested in maintaining an international legal framework for arms control to which the Russian-American New Start treaty contributes.

Keywords: Russie, nucléaire, désarmement, dissuasion, États-Unis, Chine, Russia, nuclear, disarmament, deterrence, United States, China

In general, Moscow's stated intention over the past several years to rebalance its diplomacy and foreign economic relations in favor of the “Asian vector” is met with skepticism. In Western countries, this rebalancing is frequently considered to be mainly the product of the crisis in strategic relations between Russia and the Euro-Atlantic community after the annexation of Crimea in 2014. Russian experts and scholars, meanwhile, also seem perplexed. However, as difficult as it may be, Russia's “Asian pivot” deserves attention, as for this country it corresponds to stakes and challenges that relate to both its security and its claimed great power status. The question is whether Russia is making the best use of the possibilities opened up by the Asian context, which has appeared a little more favourable to its interests in the recent past.

Keywords: Russie, Asie, commerce, économie, politique étrangère, sécurité, Russia, Asia, trade, economy, foreign policy, security

Keywords: États-Unis, Constitution, conspiration, révolution, extrême droite, XVIIIe siècle, XIXe siècle

AbstractThe contemporary frontiers of Albania and of post-war Kosovo are dangerously exposed to the new humanitarian geopolitics, because the humanitarian is solidified by invoking the right to interfere, the sense of temporal urgency, and the need for immediate action. Humanitarian intervention is seen as a technical means of consolidating national sovereignties by means of the language of global governance, but, paradoxically, it in fact signals the mileposts of the erosion of national sovereignties. Mobile sovereignties have emerged in the wake of humanitarian intervention. These establish the implicit rules of transnationalism that manipulate local elites, institutions and governments engaged in asymmetric negotiations. The aim of this paper is to call attention to new forms of domination established by a series of « supra-colonial » practices.

Keywords: Pandolfi, Albanie, Kosovo, géopolitiques humanitaires, urgence, souverainetés mouvantes, pratiques supracoloniales, bio-pouvoir, Pandolfi, Albania, Kosovo, humanitarian geopolitics, emergency, mobile sovereignties, « supra-colonial » practices, biopower