Search Results

This article offers an analysis of the social origins of the religious and political conflicts in the Iberian Peninsula during the XVth century. The theoretical argument mobilizes both an analysis of social closures and an analysis of the generative grammar of social property regimes in order to reconstruct the logic of social conflicts during the era of absolutist consolidation. The empirical section reconstructs the contentions and conflicts which lead to the framing of the Conversos under the statutes of pure blood. The author argues that even though Medieval Spain did not developed a scientific theory of “races”, the administrative authority did developed a form of social closure grounded on heredity with lethal consequences for the Jewish population of Spain.

Keywords: Régime social de propriété, clôture sociale, judaïsme, antisémitisme, Espagne, sociologie historique, Social Property Regimes, Social Closures, Judaism, Antisemitism, Spain, Historical Sociology, Régimen social de propiedad, límites sociales, judaísmo, antisemitismo, España, sociología histórica

The Lyons' Musée des Confluences successfully launched in 2009 a series of public debates in association with Oullins' Théâtre de la Renaissance and Sens Public. As the theater's director, Jean Lacornerie focuses his creation on a musical program. Aaron Copland's opera The tender land emphasises the social distress of the Thirties, challenging our understanding of the current long term crisis we are facing.

This article is devoted to the Eurasian dimension of Russian foreign policy. Eurasian integration, which was popular among Russian elites in the 1990s, gradually imposed itself in the 2000s due to the failure of union projects including Ukraine and of attempts to rapprochement with Western Europe. Moscow now relies on the Eurasian Economic Union (eaeu) and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (csto) to try to reaffirm its leadership in post-Soviet Eurasia and establish international partnerships on a continental scale in order to structure the Great Eurasia project. If this policy has known certain successes, in particular in the cooperation with China for the establishment of the New Land Silk Roads, it continues to come up against the incomprehension of the Western powers which refuse any form of partnership between the Euro-Atlantic structures and Eurasian organizations.

Keywords: Puissance russe, Eurasie, intégration eurasiatique, Union économique eurasiatique, otsc, cei, Nouvelles routes de la soie, Organisation de coopération de Shanghai (ocs), Russian Power, Eurasia, Eurasian Integration, Eurasian Economic Union, csto, ciso, New Silk Roads, Shanghai Cooperation Organization (sco)

The Arctic do not elude the extension of the Internet network, supported by fibre optic submarine cables. Several submarine cable projects are in progress, or are already completed in the region. This new route promises a shorter distance, not for the containers this time, but for the transport of data between North America, Europe and Asia. China, which invests in a global Internet infrastructure, The Digital Silk Road, is very interested by this new route and could gain a foothold via the cable project Arctic Connect. In the context of a commercial and technological war between China and the United States, questions arise about the real intentions of China when it comes to this 100 % Chinese Internet network project. The financing and the construction by China of this type of infrastructure, vital for the global economy, might be a means to extend its regional and global influence.

Keywords: Internet, câbles sous-marins, Arctique, Chine, route de la soie numérique, Internet, submarine cables, Arctic, China, Digital silk road, Huawei

Keywords: tourisme polaire, conceptualisation, mythologie, expérience, diversité

The global change currently observed generates accelerated coastal erosion and contribute to the degradation of coral reefs and mangroves degradation. These phenomena are exacerbated on tropical islands hosting large coastal populations, and thus render these coasts and their societies very vulnerable. In this context, it seems fundamental to seek to understand the evolution of these tropical coastal environments in terms of these extreme events, the impacts of which coastal island societies will be brought to bear more and more often. Awareness of these impacts has prompted the establishment of an operational observatory aimed at monitoring the coastal dynamics in several French tropical islands including Mayotte. The aims of the project will be to observe, supervise and characterize the rhythms and the mechanisms of evolution, adaptation and resilience of tropical beaches in the face of extreme climate and wave events (cyclones, storms, surges, strong swells…) in order to develop and implement appropriate defence strategies and/or adaptation.

Keywords: plages, mangroves, morphodynamique, cyclone, paroxysmes, changement climatique, résilience, observatoire, SIG, gestion du littoral, Mayotte, Océan Indien, beaches, mangroves, morphodynamic, cyclone, paroxysms, global change, resilience, observatory, GIS, coastal management, Mayotte island, Indian Ocean

Transcultural psychiatry is at the confluence of culture, mental health and illness. It places the patient at the centre of the relationship while respecting his or her individual and collective way of thinking and doing. Culture defines ontological representations, explanatory models and therapeutic practices which influence expressions of suffering and specific modes of coping and healing, as diverse as the cultures from which they arise. Yet, Western psychiatry is just as indivisible from the culture from which it emerged, which brings up the question of mental suffering and care in transcultural situations. Transcultural psychiatry brings the clinician to question and widen his or her clinical practice with regards to social, geopolitical and historical issues which colour the bonds in the social fabric, in power imbalances and in access to health care for individuals of cultural minorities. How can we make our consultations with patients from different parts of the world and who speak different languages ethical? How should one care for patients when faced with cultural otherness? And what are the effects on the mental health of today's youth, who are raised in global societies which generate complex identity challenges that can lead to radicalization? This article offers some answers to these clinical and ethical questions through the hybridization of representations, in order to ensure a harmonious coexistence and a renewed creativity, for an “ethos of solidarity” in mental health care.

Keywords: transculturel, altérité, complémentarité, psychiatrie, radicalisation, transcultural, otherness, complementarity, psychiatry, radicalization

Keywords: États-Unis, Commission Dies, Congrès américain, Chambre des représentants, Extrême droite, Nativisme, Nazisme, Special Committee on Un-American Activities

AbstractIn France as in most western countries, the immigrant is strongly associated with delinquency in collective representations and in media and political discourses concerning « insecurity ». This association can be decomposed into two distinct concerns : the delinquency of foreigners and the delinquency of French youth born of immigrants. This article proposes a critical survey of French research on these questions, based on administrative data and sociological research, both qualitative and quantitative. The rigorous examination of police statistics does not allow for the measurement of foreigners' delinquency. It does, however, invite us to distinguish between the professional delinquency of non resident foreigners and the delinquency of resident foreigners, such as theft and physical violence, a type of delinquency classically observed in the poorest part of the population. Sociological research allows us, then, to emphasize the fact that an overrepresentation of youth born of African immigrants among juvenile delinquents can be observed in some places but not as a general and uniform process. This statement of fact leads us to try to discover the local processes that favour the development of this local variation, from both sociological and psycho-sociological points of view.