Documents found
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2841.More information
The aim of this paper is to foster reflection on the usefulness of VAK (visual, auditory, kinesthetic) “learning styles” in education. The idea of promoting academic achievement by tailoring instructions to one's “preferred” or “dominant” sensory modality is very popular in education. Yet, in the actual state of scientific investigation, improving performance by presenting information in formats matching students' VAK learning styles (e.g., showing diagrams to “visual” learners) is still an unproven research hypothesis. When falsely conveyed as an established scientific fact, the so-called matching hypothesis takes on the appearance of a scientific myth. First, we examine arguments used to confer a mythical status to VAK learning styles. Then, we review basic scientific evidence, gathered from a variety of methodological designs (correlational, experimental, brain imagery, transcranial magnetic stimulation, eye tracking) to conclude in the absence so far of any positive learning outcome gained from matching target material's presentation formats to VAK learning styles. We nevertheless raise the possibility that VAK learning styles may have an educational impact outside the matching hypothesis. Finally, we point out directions for future research, make some recommendations to prevent adoption of unfounded educational practices in student teachers, and highlight alternative pedagogical approaches to differentiate instruction and to promote academic achievement.
Keywords: Styles d'apprentissage, VAK, éducation, neuromythes, hypothèse d'appariement, enseignement, pratiques éducatives, différenciation pédagogique, réussite scolaire, Learning styles, VAK, education, neuromyths, matching hypothesis, teaching, educational practices, differentiated instruction, academic achievement
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2843.More information
An history of applied research on the psychoeducational model of treatment of antisocial adolescents in Quebec is displayed. With these applied researches and a measure of evidence-based, effectiveness, efficiency, and applicability, it is conclude that the proofs of the impact of the psychoeducational model are, still incomplete, but really convincing.
Keywords: Réadaptation, psychoéducation, adolescents, histoire, Québec, modèle probant, évaluation, Treatment, psychoeducational, adolescents, history, Quebec, quality of proof, evaluation
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2844.More information
Established by the Kyoto protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) allows developed countries to meet part of their commitments to reduce their greenhouse gases emissions (GHGE) by investing in projects carried out in developing countries. So, developed countries can receive certified emissions reduction corresponding to the volume of GHGE avoided or reduced in developing countries, and developing countries can claim a clean development. The use of CDM has drawn a lot of criticism and even controversies: unproven GHGE reduction, weak transfer of clean technologies, uneven geographical and sectoral distribution of projects, lack of sustainable development that CDM projects are expected to generate in developing countries, etc.This paper identifies and assesses these criticisms, using two newsletters reporting on the implementation of CDM projects in the world (Nouvelles Francophones du marché du carbone et du MDP, and Moniteur du MDP et de la Mise en Oeuvre Conjointe). Criticisms identified and assessed were confronted with expert opinions of two International Non Governmental Organisations (INGO) specialised on the monitoring of the CDM implementation: CDM Watch and NOE 21. Interviews with managers of these INGO have permitted to evaluate the relevance of criticisms and the purpose and scope of the CDM. The results of this study raise questions about the effectiveness and the efficiency of the CDM, and about reforms proposed to ensure a better contribution of this mechanism to efforts to reduce GHGE.
Keywords: Mécanisme pour un Développement Propre (MDP), transfert de technologie, développement durable, émissions de gaz à effet de serre, protocole de Kyoto, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), technology transfer, sustainable development, greenhouse gases emissions, Kyoto protocol
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2845.More information
This article makes a novel argument that governance of corporate environmental activities should recognize that the business corporation is an aesthetic phenomenon, including the environmental practices and communications undertaken in the name of “corporate social responsibility” [CSR]. Corporate identities and CSR practices are aesthetically projected through logos, trademarks, websites, the presentation of products and services, stylish offices, company uniforms, and other aesthetic artefacts. This corporate “branding” dovetails with the broader aestheticization of our pervasive media and consumer culture. Aesthetics has particular salience in CSR for influencing, and sometimes misleading, public opinion about corporate environmental performance. Consequently, in disciplining unscrupulous corporate behaviour, governance methods must be more responsive to such aesthetic characteristics. The green illusions of business communications create difficulties for regulation, which is better suited to disciplining discrete misleading statements about retailed products or trademarks rather than tackling the broader aesthetic character of business and the marketplace. The article suggests that non-state actors who are more sensitive to aesthetics can help to fill some of this governance void. The “counter-aesthetic” strategies of social and environmental activist groups can inject a subversive narrative that can help to unmask these green illusions. Although the history of such tactics suggests they probably have only a modest effect in challenging corporate deception, the law can assist by protecting public spaces from corporate marketing and sponsorship.
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2846.More information
Objective – The objective of this study was to assess the current state of digital library publishing (DLP) in university libraries in the Ukraine. The study was conducted in the hopes of gaining a better understanding of the DLP landscape, namely institutional operations, as well as their varying publishing initiatives, processes, and scope. Methods – The current study was conducted from January to June 2017 using a mixed methods approach, involving semi-structured interviews and an online questionnaire. Semi-structured interviews were conducted (n = 11) to gain insight into participants’ experiences with DLP. The interviews helped in the creation of the questions included in our online questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 195 representatives (directors and leading specialists) of university libraries in the Ukraine. Replies were received from 111 of those institutions. The questionnaire consisted of 11 open- and closed-ended questions to allow the researchers to obtain a holistic picture of the process under investigation. Results – Analysis of the 111 questionnaires showed that for 26 libraries, DLP services were performed by employees of a separate structural unit of the library. For 34 libraries, employees of various departments were involved in performing certain types of services. The other 40 respondents’ libraries were planning to do this in the near future. Only 11 respondents replied that they did provide DLP services now nor planned to in the future. Among the libraries providing DLP services, the following results were observed: 54 of 60 work with digital repositories, 47 provide digital publishing platforms for journals, 26 provide digital publishing platforms for books, and 23 provide digital publishing platforms for conferences. Conclusions – The results obtained indicate a growing trend of expanding digital services in university libraries to support study, teaching, and research. Despite the still spontaneous, chaotic, and poorly explored nature of the development of the library publishing movement in the university libraries of the Ukraine, the readiness of librarians to implement publishing activities is notable. At the same time, the survey results point to specific aspects, such as organizational, economic, personnel, and motivational, that require further study.
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2849.More information
Keywords: Editing, open access, representation, Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees, 40th anniversary