Documents found
-
3101.More information
This paper mapped out and explored the geopolitics of knowledge production in applied English language studies (AELS). It did so by employing a double judgmental sampling and by investigating four composite factors in volume 42 of the journal Applied Linguistics (AL), which comprised six issues and forty-three articles, as published in 2021. These composite factors were nationalities and institutional affiliations of the editor, the associate editors, the editorial board, and the international advisory board; nationalities and institutional affiliations of publishing or contributing authors; the foci of the published articles; and the theoretical framings and epistemic orientations of the published articles. The paper maintains that these composite factors serve as important axes of epistemic production practices and as critical loci of knowledge circulation for AELS in this journal. AL has occupied the first quartile (Q1) in communication, and in linguistics and language since 1999 as ranked by both Scopus and Resurchify. As such, it is a top-tier journal in the field of AELS or of applied linguistics. Based on its analysis, one of the arguments the paper makes is that individually and collectively these composite factors function, simultaneously, as a gate-keeping mechanism for knowledge production and as a validation, legitimation, and arbitration mechanism for knowledge production in AL. The paper has also established that there is an invisibilization of the Global South authors in these six issues of AL. This factor, the paper contends, is attributable to the geopoliticizing of knowledge production in these AL’s issues. Lastly and importantly, the paper advocates transknowledging and a two-eyed critical Southern decoloniality for AELS, and draws a link between this two-pronged theoretical framing and transepistemic language education.
-
3102.More information
This article looks at the shape of the built environment of the Inuit villages of Nunavik that results from a relatively recent urbanization process. It seeks to understand how the built environment of these villages has been transformed, in time and space, from their foundation to the present day. How have these environments adapted to the territorial and climatic constraints and to the cultural aspirations of their inhabitants? Using maps, aerial photographies, development plans, texts relating the occupation of the territory and historical and recent photographies, the author makes a morphological analysis of the 14 Inuit villages, i.e. a characterization of the current landscape and built forms. Different variables of formal, dimensional, use and relative position are examined to reveal three types of settlements with variants: clustered, linear and block settlements. The morphogenesis of the villages of Kuujjuaq and Inukjuak, two key types, helps to characterize and understand the evolution of the shape of these settlements over time. Considering historical, political and cultural factors, this part of the analysis brings out structures of permanence and symbolic markers. The article concludes with a discussion on the relevance of typomorphology as a method of reading northern and indigenous built environments and urban development in an Inuit context.
Keywords: Inuit, Nunavik, villages nordiques, aménagement, morphogenèse, design urbain, Inuit, Nunavik, northern communities, planning, morphogenesis, urban design
-
3103.More information
The present study characterizes the different types of urban agriculture in Ouagadougou and defines their spatial distribution. The study was specifically interested in the spatial and temporal dynamics for more than a decade. The first studies on truck farming in Ouagadougou took place in 1992 with a spatial inventory in 1996 (Cissé, on 1997) which also corresponds to the period when the agrarian and land Reform was adopted in Burkina (RAF stands for Réforme Agraire et Foncière). The RAF does not explicitly prevent urban agriculture within the city of Ouagadougou, rather it says that the urban fields of Burkina are mainly used for activities related to the needs of the urban life (housing, trade, industry, arts crafts), while rural fields are mainly for agriculture, cattle breeding (or livestock), and to other rural activities in general (RAF, 1996). This reason justifies the relevant choice of this year as reference in the analysis of this spatial dynamics. The results present the spatial distribution of the sites of agriculture in the city of Ouagadougou between 1996 and 2009, as well as the total surface area exploited in the truck farming according to the seasons. They analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics observed according to the urban land pressure and to the availability of the water, which is an indispensable resource for the survival of the activity. Therefore, this is an inexplicit prohibition which exists since then, which explains the pertinent choice of 1996 as the reference in the analysis of the spatial evolution of this activity. The results present the spatial distribution of the sites of agriculture in the city of Ouagadougou between 1996 and 2009, as well as the total surface area exploited in the truck farming according to the seasons. They analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics observed according to the urban land pressure and to the availability of the water, which is an indispensable resource for the survival of the activity.
Keywords: Système d'information géographique (SIG), agriculture urbaine (AU), maraîchage, Ouagadougou, dynamique spatiale, Geographic information systems (GIS), urban agriculture, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, spatial dynamic
-
3104.More information
The UNHCR’s 15by30 campaign to increase refugee student enrolment in higher education to 15% by 2030 is a lofty goal. Canadian higher education institutions have a role to play in contributing to this policy goal, along with advocacy efforts from refugee student groups, community-based organizations, government, and international organizations. The aim of this study is to look critically at how the issue of access to higher education for refugee and globally displaced people is represented through Ontario’s universities’ responses to federal government initiatives to crises in Syria, Afghanistan and Ukraine. In this study, we use Bacchi’s (2009) “What’s the problem represented to be?” approach to policy analysis and, drawing on Dillabough’s (2022) critique of modernity in higher education, we argue that university responses related to refugee and globally displaced student access to higher education offer the possibility to reflect on the paradoxical tensions of the problem space in Canadian higher education. In our findings, we discuss how the problem of refugee and displacement crisis was represented differently in response to differences in geopolitical conditions and government policies, as we demonstrate how representations of material problems and categories of “citizenship” and “geographical location” in the universities’ responses contributed to creating boundaries of inclusion and exclusion for access. Finally, we show how the creation of educational programs for “globally displaced people” during the period related to the Ukrainian crisis perpetuates the logic of colonialism in the universities’ responses.
-
3105.More information
Education for Sustainable Development (EfSD) gained global momentum in recent years. However, little is understood about the connection of EfSD and language, which was described as being among the most underestimated and under-researched parameters of sustainable development. In order to fill this gap, this paper systematically reviews scientific literature on the connection of EfSD and language. In the resulting 33 papers which exclusively dealt with language and EfSD in an African educational setting, most authors used theoretical (28) as opposed to empirical methods (5). Existing research mostly focused on a general educational context (27), followed by lower education (5) and higher education (1). Almost all authors recommended further research into African languages (32), highlighting the need to integrate African languages and indigenous knowledge systems in order to support various development agendas. Further neglect of the language factor might otherwise endanger the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals.
-
3106.More information
Implicit theory (Dweck, 2000) suggests that learners’ theories about the malleability of their individual traits (learning style, here) determine the extent to which they can stretch their learning style (Gregersen & MacIntyre, 2014; Young, 2010) and benefit from the instruction that mismatches their preferred styles. The present study aimed at investigating the extent to which Iranian EFL learners with inductive vs. deductive learning styles would benefit from the written corrective feedback (WCF) that does not match their learning styles (i.e., implicit vs. explicit WCF). The study also examined if their success (or lack of) in style stretching and improving their written accuracy is due to the implicit theory (entity vs. incremental) they hold about their learning style. The result showed that students with an incremental theory significantly improved their written accuracy more than those with an entity theory. Also, the findings revealed that inductive learners were more successful in adapting to the mismatched WCF (explicit) and made greater improvement in their written accuracy than deductive students who received implicit WCF.
-
3107.More information
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly changed the practice of school leadership, requiring greater flexibility, creativity, and innovation. Guided by institutional theory, this paper suggests that leadership adaptations are influenced by environmental pressures such as coercive (e.g., from governmental or regulatory agencies), mimetic (e.g., attempts to emulate best practices from other schools), and normative pressures (e.g., professional standards endorsed by professional societies or unions). By using a qualitative co-constructed autoethnographic approach (See Kempster & Iszatt-White, 2012), the paper presents the Covid-19 timeline in Manitoba, identifying stakeholders and associated environmental pressures. It also features the personal leadership adaptations experienced by a school principal (Susan). The findings suggest that coercive pressures are mostly associated with creativity and inventive leadership practices. Mimetic pressures may lead to copying behaviours, and normative pressures are associated with enhanced foundational knowledges, all depending on contextual factors. The findings also highlight the significant emotional and physical toll the pandemic has taken on school principals.
Keywords: leadership adaptations, environmental pressures, COVID-19, Manitoba public schools
-
3108.More information
This article reviews literature on survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA) who were preschool-aged when the abuse occurred, and applies critical discourse analysis to reveal power relations within this field of research. Utilizing themes of narrative theory, this article demonstrates how the current discourse has promoted a single story of developmental trajectories marred by entrenched deficits. The reviewed literature often utilized definitive language in describing a narrative of damage that not all survivors identify with. We critically examine this narrative as an expression of power that risks misrepresenting a large group of people. Additionally, we recommend that future research promote a discourse of multiple stories in which survivors have agency to author their own stories.
Keywords: sexualized violence, child sexual abuse, CSA, survivor, narrative, development, research
-
3109.More information
Open access (OA) is now a complex multifaceted phenomenon and one of the hottest topics under debate extending to other actors beyond academia. OA has been growing lately not only for ethical or ideological reasons, but also due to the pressure of formal mandates from public research funders. Many studies have shown that OA research outputs have greater citation impact as compared to similar toll-access (TA) ones, thus introducing a more pragmatic dimension for scholars considering OA. However, other studies claim there are many confounding factors that often have not been taken into account. To date, no study has been carried out concerning open access citation advantage (OAA) in TIS (translation and interpreting studies). This paper contributes to this debate by carrying out a bibliometric analysis by comparing the performance of documents in terms of accrued citations depending on access type in order to find out whether OA TIS research is cited more than its TA counterpart. We based our analysis on a sample of more than 20,000 TIS-related documents extracted from BITRA, covering a time span of 20 years (1996-2015). The main conclusion is that, although OA publications tend to be cited slightly more often than TA documents in our period of study, this difference is too small to either support or reject the OAA hypothesis in TIS.
Keywords: translation and interpreting studies, open access citation advantage (OAA), citation patterns, impact, bibliometrics, traductologie, avantage des citations en libre accès, patrons de citations, impact, bibliométrie, estudios de traducción e interpretación, ventaja de citabilidad del acceso abierto, patrones de cita, impacto, bibliometría
-
3110.More information
This article analyzes the influence of coworking spaces on the entrepreneurial intention of employees who work there. A quantitative study was carried out in France among 126 workers who frequent a coworking space. We test a conceptual model explaining entrepreneurial intention according to the spaces' characteristics (contextual variables) and individual variables. Results show a significant effect of the presence of role models as well as the organization of workshops within coworking spaces, but also the importance of some individual variables on the entrepreneurial intention of employees.
Keywords: « espace de coworking », « intention d'entreprendre », « tiers-lieu », « nouvelles formes de travail », “coworking space”, “entrepreneurial intention”, “third place”, “new ways of working”, “espacio de cotrabajo”, “intención empresarial”, “tercer lugar”, “nuevas formas de trabajo”