Documents found
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333.More information
Far from being neutral intermediaries, digital creative tools such as Word, Power Point, Facebook, Instagram or Gmail materialize the “mind models” advocated by their creators and owners. From the first works of net art to the “third generation” works of digital literature that are written and published on social platforms, how do the authors negociate with these models? I discuss in this article historical examples (Annie Abrahams, Don’t touch me ; Jean-Pierre Balpe, “Rachel Charlus”) and examples drawn from my own research and creation practice (Böhmische Dörfer, Nouvelles de la Colonie), relying on a techno-semiotic methodology.
Keywords: Réseaux sociaux, Récit, Littérature numérique, Dispositif, Fiction, Interaction, Données, Recherche-création, Modélisation, Social networks, Narrative, Digital literature, Device, Fiction, Interaction, Data, Research-creation, Modelling
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334.More information
Information and communication technologies (ICT), or digital technologies, have become an integral part of higher education globally. The literature is dominated by studies from major industrialized countries where technology has been widely adopted in the education sphere. Using a survey constructed based on previous research, the present paper explores the rate and determinants of ICT use in a post-Soviet country with a considerable lag behind the Western education system. The survey, based on a convenience sample of 191 students from two urban universities in Azerbaijan, found that the most frequently used device is the mobile phone. While the majority of survey respondents accessed technology for free at their institution, only around half of the sample has had training on the use of technology resources. Nevertheless, the majority of students feel confident about using ICT, suggesting that they have developed the necessary skills through alternative methods, such as self-learning or peer support, even in the absence of formal training. Linear regression analysis suggests that the students' ability to use ICT has a significant positive impact on their rate of ICT use.
Keywords: Information and communication technologies (ICT), digital technologies, post-Soviet higher education, Azerbaijan, Technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC), technologies numériques, enseignement supérieur en ex-Union Soviétique, Azerbaïdjan
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335.More information
Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is becoming increasingly present in scientific research, in the form of chatbots like ChatGPT, which facilitate discovery, analysis and writing. The first part of the article reviews the complex architecture of artificial intelligence, and the socio-ethical benefits and risks associated with its use in academia. A selection of virtual assistants classified by function is proposed, along with an evaluation grid for these tools. Generative technology acts as a catalyst for profound changes in information culture, calling into question methods of information retrieval and intellectual property over algorithmic content. The second part focuses on AI literacy and its intersection with information literacy, highlighting gaps in the literature and the need for further study. Artificial intelligence being a cumulative, highly specialized and highly controversial phenomenon, university libraries are not yet equipped to implement this technology wisely, hence the importance of setting up a new competency framework and a training program adapted to the information and documentation professions.
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336.More information
Academic publications are too often ignored by other researchers. There are various reasons: Researchers know that conclusions may eventually be proved wrong; publications are sometimes retracted; effects may decline when studied later; researchers occasionally don’t seem to know about papers they have allegedly authored; there are even accusations of fraud (Cohen, 2011). In this exploratory case study, 10 papers were examined to determine the various ways they were used by others, whether there were cases of reported effects declining, and whether, among those who referenced the papers, there were suggestions that anything in the papers ought to be retracted. Findings showed that all the papers had been referenced by others (337 user publications were found, containing a total of 868 references). Other findings include the following: Single references were far more common than multiple references; applications/replications were the least common type of usage (23 occurrences), followed by contrasts/elaborations (34), and quotations (65); unlike reports regarding publications in the sciences, whether the paper was solo- or co-authored did not affect usage; appearance in a non-prestige journal was actually associated with more usage of some kinds; and well over 80% of uses were in heavily scrutinized sources (journal articles or theses/dissertations). The paper concludes with recommendations to writers about how to avoid producing publications that are ignored.
Keywords: distance education, publishing, interaction analysis
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337.More information
Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are a recent addition to the range of online learning options. Since 2008, MOOCs have been run by a variety of public and elite universities, especially in North America. Many academics have taken interest in MOOCs recognising the potential to deliver education around the globe on an unprecedented scale; some of these academics are taking a research-oriented perspective and academic papers describing their research are starting to appear in the traditional media of peer reviewed publications. This paper presents a systematic review of the published MOOC literature (2008-2012): Forty-five peer reviewed papers are identified through journals, database searches, searching the Web, and chaining from known sources to form the base for this review. We believe this is the first effort to systematically review literature relating to MOOCs, a fairly recent but massively popular phenomenon with a global reach. The review categorises the literature into eight different areas of interest, introductory, concept, case studies, educational theory, technology, participant focussed, provider focussed, and other, while also providing quantitative analysis of publications according to publication type, year of publication, and contributors. Future research directions guided by gaps in the literature are explored.
Keywords: MOOC, Massively Open Online Course, Systematic Review, Connectivism
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338.More information
This paper describes a survey of online learning which attempts to determine online learning providers’ awareness of potential security risks and the protection measures that will diminish them. The authors use a combination of two methods: blog mining and a traditional literature search. The findings indicate that, while scholars have identified diverse security risks and have proposed solutions to mitigate the security threats in online learning, bloggers have not discussed security in online learning with great frequency. The differences shown in the survey results generated by the two different methods confirm that online learning providers and practitioners have not considered security as a top priority. The paper also discusses the next generation of an online learning system: a safer personal learning environment which requires a one-stop solution for authentication, assures the security of online assessments, and balances security and usability.
Keywords: Online learning, security, risk, threat, protection, e-learning
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339.More information
The cross-fertilization functions of translation have never been higher than today, in the digital age. How can we use Information and Communication Technologies for the translation of cultural texts (Humanities, Social Sciences)? In this article, we underline the topological potential of digital collaborative translation, and in particular of the TraduXio project (collaborative digital environment for precise translation), by insisting on its genuine vocation for cultural translocalization. Among the major issues at stake in the internet era of multlingualism and free culture, one could underline the constitution of transnational communities, the promotion of new commons and the valorization of the translators' work.
Keywords: traduction multilingue, traduction littéraire, collaboration, précision, translocalisation, multilingual translation, literary translation, collaboration, precision, translocalization
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340.More information
Libraries have existed for millennia, but today many question their necessity. In an ever more digital and connected world, do we still need places of books in our towns, colleges, or schools? If libraries aren't about books, what are they about? In Expect More: Demanding Better Libraries For Today's Complex World, Lankes walks you through what to expect out of your library. Lankes argues that, to thrive, communities need libraries that go beyond bricks and mortar, and beyond books and literature. We need to expect more out of our libraries. They should be places of learning and advocates for our communities in terms of privacy, intellectual property, and economic development. Expect More is a rallying call to communities to raise the bar, and their expectations, for great libraries.
Keywords: bibliothèques, bibliothéconomie, communauté, apprentissage, innovation, création de connaissances, libraries, librarianship, community, learning, innovation, knowledge creation