Documents found
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3661.More information
In most French-speaking countries of sub-Saharan Africa, environmental conservation areas are largely the legacy of colonial occupation. For more recent protected areas, their conceptualization, establishment and management programs are almost exclusively carried out by international players, in more or less close collaboration with national authorities, and with varying degrees of consultation and integration of local communities living in or near these environmental spaces. Presented as international development projects, these protected areas are for the most part created ex nihilo, and are only weakly integrated into the territories and their socio-environmental, political and economic structures. This introduction to the thematic issue provides a non-exhaustive synthesis of the literature on protected areas, environmental conflicts and the prospects for community integration and management by and for riparian communities. It examines how, on the one hand, the endogenous environmental, social and political norms and practices of riparian communities can contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and, on the other, how their integration into the management processes of natural protected areas can help strengthen environmental conservation programs and the appropriation of the environmental services they can provide.
Keywords: aires naturelles protégées, conflits environnementaux, droit de l’environnement, droit endogène de l’environnement, gestion participative, communautés riveraines, Afrique subsaharienne, protected natural areas, environmental conflicts, environmental law, endogenous environmental law, participatory management, riparian communities, sub-saharan africa
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3662.More information
This article highlights an organisational system designed to achieve two main objectives: firstly, to improve and prevent mental health problems in the workplace by empowering teaching staff individually and collectively to influence the organisation of work in their school, and secondly, to take transformative action on the constraints arising from the organisation of work that generates risky work situations for teaching staff. This article focuses on a case study and presents the implementation of the organisational system in a specific school. It describes the architecture and framework of the system, the players involved and their respective roles and describes and assesses the implementation process and the results observed.
Keywords: Mental health at work, Santé mentale au travail, organizational intervention, intervention organisationelle, evaluation, évaluation, milieux scolaires, school environments, work organization, organisation du travail
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3663.More information
The bureaucratic precepts engendered by modern universities produce a slew of negative effects inimical to educational justice. Drawing on historiographical evidence from the 1968 Strax Affair, a little-known protest held at the University of New Brunswick, we identify the arts of discombobulation as a novel approach to challenge the intellectual constraints imposed by university bureaucracies. By theorizing the arts of discombobulation, we aim to counteract bureaucracy’s most alienating affective residues, equipping scholars with an administrative arsenal capable of transforming the corporate academy into a playful, joyful environment. Inspired by cultural historian Johan Huizinga’s theory of the “play-function,” we introduce five interrelated tactics—burlesque versions of both formal and informal administrative practices—that amplify the contradictions inherent to the corporate academy’s contemporary bureaucratic structure: personalization, befuddlement, signal jamming, mapping, and abeyance. Even during moments of Kafkaesque bureaucratic defeat, discombobulation can generate a sense of heightened play necessary to fuel democratic resistance.
Keywords: universities, bureaucracy, resistance, discombobulation, play
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3664.More information
The overarching objective of this study is to become more closely attuned to the politics of curriculum by identifying the discursive practices employed by governments to position curricular reform. In particular, this analysis aims to show how the twinning of neoliberalism and neoconservatism has served to justify shifts in curriculum at three North American sites in recent years. Further, using rhetorical analysis as a form of critical discourse analysis, the study demonstrates how discursive tools are used to advance neoliberal and neoconservative values under the guise of a taken-for-granted sense of education’s purpose and role. Rather than an analysis of curriculum documents as texts, this study focuses on government rhetoric describing the rationale for curricular reform so as to better recognize which values are gaining formal power, offer clarity into what is oppressed or ignored, and, ultimately, provide insights into where resistance might be aimed.
Keywords: neoliberalism, neoconservatism, curricular reform
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3665.More information
This study explored the pedagogical strategies employed by grade 12, life-sciences teachers in township schools to teach complex concepts, such as genetics and meiosis, using improvised teaching resources. Resource constraints in South African township schools often limit learners’ access to traditional teaching materials and technologies. In response, this research examined how teachers adapt and innovate their methods to effectively convey abstract life-sciences concepts. An embedded mixed-methods design was utilized, with a purposive sample of four life-sciences teachers from diverse township schools, selected to reflect varied teaching experiences and resource availability. Data was collected through interviews and classroom observations, offering insights into their instructional practices. Thematic analysis of interview data and systematic observation of classroom activities revealed a range of creative and adaptive pedagogical approaches. Instructors commonly adopted collaborative, learner-centred, and inquiry-based teaching methods. They employed creative strategies, including designing hands-on activities, using analogies, and incorporating real-life examples to enhance learners’ understanding. Collaboration among teachers and the use of community resources also emerged as key strategies for enriching the learning experience. The findings underscore the resilience and ingenuity of grade 12, life-sciences teachers in overcoming resource constraints to create effective educational environments. This study contributes to the understanding of the interplay between pedagogy and resource availability in underserved educational settings, providing valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers aiming to enhance science education in resource-limited contexts.
Keywords: teaching approaches, Teaching Strategies, pedagogical content knowledge, under-resourced schools, genetics, meiosis, township schools
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3666.More information
This article examines the life and research activity of the distinguished Ukrainian scholar in the field of geography Myron Korduba (1876–1947). His contributions to Ukrainian geography are revealed through a survey of his work in the areas of the population geography of Ukraine; econo- and politico-geographical regional and country studies; geographical pedagogy and cartography; and historical and toponymic geography. Korduba’s geographical legacy has not been widely investigated and is not well known in Ukrainian and international scholarship and education. This is mainly owing to the fact that he is perceived primarily a historian—indeed, one who enriched Ukrainian scholarship with innovative production in the historical disciplines. Thus, those who have studied Korduba’s creative output have tended to overlook his extraordinarily significant geographical oeuvre; it has heretofore received only superficial contemporaneous and contemporary exploration. Korduba’s principles and postulations in geography are introduced into the geographical scholarly literature in a novel way. They include ideas on the space, territory, and population of Ukraine; on the Ukrainian people, state, and language; on the treatment of geographical names as a historical source; and on the gleaning of information from the names of settlements.
Keywords: Myron Korduba, geography, legacy, Ukraine, Bukovyna
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3667.More information
This essay presents a rough outline of the “what, how, and why” of the collaborative work done in English 425: “Literature, Archives, and Original Research,” an intensive research undergraduate course at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in the Fall 2024 that focused on juvenilia. The team included a class of thirteen undergraduates (all years; all majors), five PhD students from English and Comparative Literature, one professor from the same department, instructional specialists from Ackland Art Museum, and librarians galore from Wilson Library Special Collections and Davis Library, all at UNC Chapel Hill. We met with two or three museum and four or five library colleagues; but many others, behind the scenes, made our course possible.Eight members of this team tell their story from the points of view of four students, three librarians, and the professor. The projects the class undertook show what can happen when participants believe in each other as partners. They also show how young researchers occupy an exceptional position when it comes to considering what young artists and authors care about and why it matters.
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3668.More information
Despite the importance of replication research in scientific fields, very few replications are conducted in applied linguistics (AL). To enhance language researchers’ awareness of replications and provide a systematic evaluation of current replications, this study analyzed replication studies published in 92 AL leading journals from 1970 to 2021 based on five themes of replication labels, methodological orientations, research trends, authorship, and citation counts of replicators. The results reveal that replication labels have explicitly been mentioned since 2002, the replication of quantitative studies has predominately been raised, studies on second language acquisition were frequently replicated, collaborative authorship has increased in replications, and influential AL scholars tend to conduct replication research. The study highlights the need for a well-established replication classification and calls for replication research in the areas and methodological orientations marginalized in AL. It is also recommended that prominent figures perform more replication research to consolidate its status in AL.
Keywords: Applied Linguistics, methodological orientation, replication studies, replication labels, systematic review, research trends
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3669.More information
Tibetan precious pills are frequently attributed with a variety of efficacies, from “magical” powers, prevention of poisoning and infectious diseases, protection from harmful spirits and exposure to diseases while travelling, to rejuvenating and prolonging life through clearing the senses and promoting strength and vigor. They are prescribed as strong medicines for severe diseases, but are also advertised as rejuvenating tonics for the healthy. This paper explores the rejuvenating qualities attributed to precious pills in terms of how they are currently advertised, how rejuvenation is and has been explained in Tibetan works on precious pills, and how Tibetan physicians understand these attributes. How do these domains interact and refer to each other?I compare aspects of rejuvenation in precious pill formulas with contemporary presentations of precious pills online and on published leaflets given out to patients in India and elsewhere. In Tibetan medical texts certain precious pills that contain the complex and processed mercury-sulfide ash called tsotel in addition to a large variety of other medicinal substances are presented as “precious pills” or rinchen rilbu, and only some of those are said to have rejuvenating effects on the body; most are primarily prescribed for specific diseases. The practice of giving precious pills to the healthy emerges more prominently in eighteenth to nineteenth century manuals on administering precious pills (Czaja 2015), which parallels the establishment of influential medical and monastic networks that promoted the making of tsotel and precious pills. I argue that precious pills have more recently widened their specific therapeutic target beyond that of medicine into becoming popular pills for rejuvenation, even if they do not contain tsotel, as part of pharmaceutical commodification. I also show how presentations of precious pills as “rejuvenating” are deeply linked to their availability.
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3670.More information
Objective – The goal of this study was to assess global academic libraries' role and activities aimed at achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper highlights the enablers and barriers encountered in SDG programming and identifies future directions of SDG research in academic and other types of libraries.Methods – A mixed-methods review was conducted to address the research question: How do academic libraries contribute to the attainment of SDGs? The methodology included literature searches conducted in Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, EBSCO’s Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA), and hand-searching. The selected timeframe, 2017-2024, encompasses the introduction of the SDGs and extends to the present body of evidence.Results – The study found 25 relevant articles with data from 164 academic libraries worldwide. The evidence base indicates limited awareness and examples of sustainability literacy, suggesting the need for new initiatives. Instances of "SDG washing" were identified where librarians exaggerated the impact of their SDG-related programs, mislabeled routine activities as SDG contributions, or used SDG terminology superficially without meaningful action. This study suggests that SDG attainment is influenced by leadership, organizational culture, personal initiatives, and partnerships.Conclusions – Academic libraries simultaneously address multiple SDG targets, indicating a comprehensive sustainability approach. Positive correlations between specific targets imply synergies that libraries can exploit to strengthen their sustainable development roles. Future research should investigate the impact of institutional factors on SDG implementation in academic libraries and identify strategies to overcome the common challenges in SDG initiatives. Specific SDG targets and indicators should guide context-specific recommendations. It is also advised to develop standardized tools for measuring and comparing academic libraries' SDG contributions.