Documents found
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3811.More information
Objective – This study sought to understand information literacy instruction tailored for first-year students of color in higher education, and the impact of that instruction on student performance and confidence levels. Methods – The study was conducted at a four-year doctoral-granting higher education institution and was designed as a QUAL+quan convergent mixed-methods study. It utilized critical race theory (CRT) as its theoretical framework, a participatory action research (PAR) approach for its design, and critical pedagogical practices to tailor the instructional content and delivery. The instruction was designed as a multi-session information literacy workshop series delivered outside of the traditional classroom and was comprised of six one-hour sessions: an initial focus group, four information literacy sessions focusing on specific aspects of the research process, and semi-structured interviews. Results – Data collected through discussions, open-ended activities with rubrics, and pre- and post-series surveys were analyzed to determine whether the instructional series impacted student learning outcomes. The results showed the series had a positive impact on student performance and their confidence levels pertaining to understanding and applying information literacy concepts. Conclusion – The study is significant as it is the first to specifically utilize CRT and PAR in a multi-session information literacy workshop series for first-year students of color delivered outside of the traditional classroom setting and can serve as a model for other institutions.
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3812.More information
Digital competence, beyond core content knowledge, is a key skill for many teachers in this day and age, and several frameworks for this have been proposed internationally. In Canada, some provinces and territories are currently implementing rules and guidelines regarding the digital competencies of teachers. However, only Quebec has an actual one that is linked to teachers, with specific dimensions integrating critical knowledge and attitudes. This interpretive study examines Quebec’s teacher reference and digital-competency frameworks by exploring their integration into teacher-education programs. Two qualitative data-collection methods, namely, semi-structured interviews and document analysis, were used in this study. The sample included seven university professors from the education departments at different Quebec universities and 34 descriptions of digital technologies courses in Quebec’s teacher-education programs. The main results indicate that digital competence is included in at least one course in teacher-education programs, and that instrumental elements are prioritized over critical and ethical digital dimensions. The findings also highlight professors’ awareness of the importance of further developing these less prominent dimensions. The challenges associated with this integration are acknowledged, and the need for future research to develop pedagogical strategies that promote the acquisition of these competencies is emphasized.
Keywords: Digital Competence, Quebec, Teacher Education, Critical Perspective
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3813.More information
This article examines the wage gap in Canada, particularly in the province of Quebec, between native-born workers and immigrant workers, and specifically economic immigrants, the so-called skilled worker category. It sets out to explain this ever-increasing wage gap. We note an evolution in the proportion of immigrants over the last two decades, but also an increasing deterioration of their economic situation, compared to that of native-born workers. After examining the statistical portrait of immigrant participation in the labour market, we highlight the impact of discrimination in explaining the wage gap between immigrant workers and native-born workers, without forgetting the other causes of this gap. The level of education of economic immigrants, which is acknowledged to be higher than that of the general population, does not explain the lower economic performance on the labour market. This work therefore reveals the factors that explain the wage gap between immigrant and native-born workers. It also shows that the notion of immigrants is a heterogeneous block within which certain groups experience particular realities, notably visible minorities and women.
Keywords: Wage gap, Écart salarial, immigrants économiques, economic immigrants, natifs, native-born workers, intersectionality, intersectionnalité
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3814.More information
Documenting Indigenous patient voices through safe and culturally appropriate patient-reported outcome (PROMs) and experience measures (PREMs) is essential for monitoring impacts of health care programming and policies. We explored the literature in order to understand the current landscape of PROMs and PREMs that have been developed for and with Indigenous Peoples in Canada, United States, Australia and New Zealand. From our exploration a number of key themes regarding the development of PROMs and PREMs emerged including, applying a wholistic perspective, a relational framework with an emphasis on the role of the family, ensuring cultural fit (reflecting a resilience, strength-based and cultural approach to health), being sensitive to the ethics of survey tools, and ensuring decolonizing approaches in their development. In addition, the scarcity and the need for developing Indigenous-specific PREMs are highlighted.
Keywords: patient-reported outcome measures, patient-reported experience measures, scoping review, PROMs, PREMs, cultural safety, measurement tools, Indigenous healthcare
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3815.More information
This annotated bibliography responds to and contextualizes the growing ‘Open' movements and recent institutional reorientation towards social, public-facing scholarship. The aim of this document is to present a working definition of open social scholarship through the aggregation and summation of critical resources in the field. Our work surveys foundational publications, innovative research projects, and global organizations that enact the theories and practices of open social scholarship. The bibliography builds on the knowledge creation principles outlined in previous research by broadening the focus beyond conventional academic spaces and reinvigorating central, defining themes with recently published research.
Keywords: community, open, scholarship, social, technology
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3819.More information
The recognition of the “quality of disabled worker” in the French Labor Code has gradually had the effect of normalizing disabilities in the workplace. Disabled workers have acquired increased protection through laws, regulations, and policies for the purpose of obtaining or keeping a job. Requests for recognition are now widely encouraged by all public and private stakeholders in the field of disability. We are therefore witnessing, in France, the plebiscite of a real employment standard, that of "disabled worker", to govern the work situation of people with disabilities. However, the application of this standard finds significant limits regarding the situation of people with a mental disorder or a chronic disease, leading to a reflection on its necessary evolution.
Keywords: Norme d’emploi en France, Employment standard in France, Travailleur handicapé, Disabled workers, Maladies chroniques, Chronic diseases, Troubles psychiques, Mental health disorders
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3820.More information
Since 2014, the USA stands accused of engaging in espionage against Germany, a NATO partner and supposedly close ally. Many, though by no means all of these allegations became known because of the Snowden revelations. In Germany, this has led to a public backlash and has caused many to criticize the German government's feeble reaction. Against this backdrop, this article considers whether the alleged US conduct may have even gone beyond abusing Germany's trust by actually violating public international law. After summarizing the main accusations, the state of the debate on the legality of espionage in international law will be analysed. This will allow the conclusion that there is so far no convincing answer to the question of whether espionage violates public international law or not. This is due to the imprecise, contradictory and changing definitions of the term “espionage”, but also, more importantly, to the fact that there is no necessity for international law to deal with “espionage”. Rather, customary international law already provides clear guidance as to the lawfulness or unlawfulness of most, if not all, activities commonly associated with espionage. A detailed legal analysis of the alleged US spying activities will confirm this proposition and reveal that US conduct, if proven, did indeed violate public international law in each case. The USA not being able to rely on any legal justification for its actions, Germany would consequently be well within its rights to adopt countermeasures.