Documents found
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381.More information
In the last decade, an important debate about the characteristics of today’s students has arisen due to their intensive experience as users of ICT. The main belief is that frequent use of technologies in everyday life implies competent users able to transfer their digital skills to learning activities. However, empirical studies developed in different countries reveal similar results suggesting that the ‘digital native’ label does not provide evidence of a better use of technology to support learning. The debate has to beyond and focus on the implications of being a learner in a digitalised world. This research is based on the hypothesis that the use of technology to support learning is not related to the fact of belonging or not to the net generation, is mainly influenced by the teaching model. The study compares the behaviour and preferences towards ICT use in two groups of university students: face-to-face students and online students. A questionnaire was applied to a sample of university students from five universities with different characteristics (one of them offers online education and four offer face-to-face with LMS teaching-support). Findings suggest although access to and use of ICT is widespread, the influence of teaching methodology is very decisive. For academic purposes, students seem to respond to the requirements of their courses, programmes and universities. There is a clear relationship between the students’ perception of usefulness regarding certain ICT resources and the teachers’ suggested uses of technologies. The most highly rated technologies correspond with those proposed by teachers. The study shows how the educational model (face-to-face or online) has a stronger influence on the students’ perception of usefulness regarding ICT support for learning than the fact of being a digital native.
Keywords: net generation, digital learner, students’ characteristics, online learning, higher education
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383.More information
A deluge of empirical research became available on MOOCs in 2013–2015 and this research is available in disparate sources. This paper addresses a number of gaps in the scholarly understanding of MOOCs and presents a comprehensive picture of the literature by examining the geographic distribution, publication outlets, citations, data collection and analysis methods, and research strands of empirical research focusing on MOOCs during this time period. Results demonstrate that (a) more than 80% of this literature is published by individuals whose home institutions are in North America and Europe, (b) a select few papers are widely cited while nearly half of the papers are cited zero times, and (c) researchers have favored a quantitative if not positivist approach to the conduct of MOOC research, preferring the collection of data via surveys and automated methods. While some interpretive research was conducted on MOOCs in this time period, it was often basic and it was the minority of studies that were informed by methods traditionally associated with qualitative research (e.g., interviews, observations, and focus groups). Analysis shows that there is limited research reported on instructor-related topics, and that even though researchers have attempted to identify and classify learners into various groupings, very little research examines the experiences of learner subpopulations.
Keywords: MOOC, online education, research, literature analysis and synthesis
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384.More information
This article aims to understand the entrepreneurial path of social entrepreneurs, from their experience to the management of their social enterprise. Beyond the motivations and passions that animate them to create social value, we highlight the different competences needed to structure and manage their social enterprise. In order to meet the main objective of this study, an approach based on exploratory semi-directive interviews was adopted with ten social entrepreneurs in the Lyon region (France). The findings enabled us to discuss two key points: the nature of the tools mobilized in the management of the social enterprise, on one hand and the skills of the social entrepreneur to carry out his project, on the other hand.
Keywords: Parcours entrepreneurial, Entrepreneur social, Entreprise sociale, Entrepreneurial path, Social entrepreneur, Social enterprise, El recorrido empresarial, Empresario social, La empresa social
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385.More information
Since the second half of the twentieth century, we have witnessed an incredible accumulation of attempts at an exhaustive representation of the world through a place, a time or a principle of some kind. This accumulation reflects the great symbolic power of such an artistic or literary endeavour. Such attempts at an exhaustive representation are not necessarily related to digital aesthetics, but they do take place in a screen culture, as opposed to a book culture, and they work with elements usually associated with databases and their systematic approach to description. The very idea of an attempt at an exhaustive representation of a place appeared, in 1974, when Georges Perec went to Place Saint-Sulpice in Paris and began to make a list of everything he saw, passers-by, birds, trucks, cars and buses, customers in cafes, temperature variations, the usual facts of daily life, and all the rest that could be noted. The book's title was, quite literally, An Attempt at Exhausting a Place in Paris. Since then, systematic and exhaustive attempts at representation have become commonplace, defining even a new aesthetics, digital in its nature – an info-aesthetics, to use Lev Manovich's notion. These attempts do not limit themselves to spaces, but address such topics as time, situations, events, objects, body, data, etc. We can easily identify nine types of attempts at an exhaustive representation, which encompass the multiple forms of human action. In this chapter, I will start by defining what such attempts imply ; I'll continue by giving examples of the nine kinds identified ; and I will pay particular attention to attempts that try to exhaust a given place.
Keywords: épuisement, description, esthétiques numériques, info-esthétiques, exhaustivité, Georges Perec, poétique, contemporain, exhaustive, description, representation, Georges Perec, digital aesthetics, info-aesthetics, poetics, contemporary, digital art
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386.More information
The Catalan tongue is a Roman language coming from the popular Latin previously spoken in the land of Roussillon and Catalonia. It is the day to day language of about 7 million people today, and it is the center of a very ancient and huge literature which first texts dated from the XIth century. An official language of Catalonia since 1716, Catalan has been forbidden by General Franco in 1939 and remained privately or secretly spoken until the democratic transition in Spain, when it came back to official use. For the last few years, the Catalan language has become the center of the Catalan nationalism, which could lead Catalonia to independence. Language, law and politics are tightly connected in this matter, even if the link between them is not easy to understand precisely.
Keywords: Catalogne, Catalan, Diglossie, Revitalisation, Conflit, Co-officialité, Politique, Nationalisme, Minorité, Catalonia, Catalan, Diglossia, Language shift reverse, Conflict, Official language, Politics, Nationalism, Minority
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388.
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389.More information
With the rise of the Web in the mid-1990s, the role and use of traditional documents, such as the paper versions of books and periodicals, has been the subject of some discussion on the part of university librarians. In addition to discussions held at meetings and conferences, librarians and other stakeholders are also involved in the scanning of collections.This article focuses on the challenges associated with the transition from analogue to numeric versions and from the traditional to the virtual library in the universities of Québec since the end of the 1990s. The proceedings of conferences and seminars that focused on the dissemination and conservation of scanned documents helped identify some of the challenges associated with this type of collection in university libraries. With the help of a document prepared by the Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BAnQ), the author summarizes the major scanning projects currently in progress.
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390.