Documents found
-
471.More information
The nature of the documents circulating on the web, as well as the way in which these documents (whether digitized or “native-digital”) are disseminated, edited or even (re)contextualized, are not neutral: they imply a certain idea of the past which, under the influence of new technologies and of our digital culture, has deeply changed in recent years. In his essay Qu'est-ce que le patrimoine numérique ? (Le bord de l'eau, 2017), Matteo Treleani studies this new conception of the past, to measure its consequences on our logics of production, transmission and reception of archives. In a semiological perspective, Treleani makes an inventory of main epistemological changes in the way we are dealing with archives, and incites us to rethink our preservation practices as well as our relationship to the past.
Keywords: Archive, sémiologie, passé, histoire, épistémologie, éditorialisation, culture numérique, Archive, semiotics, past, history, epistemology, editoralization, digital culture
-
472.More information
This article exposes methods and results of a remote sensing exercise based on combined classifications and spatial analysis. This work was carried out as part of the EVA programme which looked at estimating the economic and social value of marine ecosystems within West African Marine Protected Areas (MPA). The remote sensing methods utilised in this study are innovative in that they stem from non supervised combined classifications and principal component analysis. These techniques offer a reliable method for the calculation of ecosystem surfaces, as well as estimation of their health status, both elements that are compulsory to the economic valuation exercises. From an application perspective, this modelling process is particularly relevant to regions of data-poor marine ecosystem mapping where biodiversity conservation is developed or large-scale areas where access is made difficult and costly in time and financial resources. Further, these results are likely to influence the identification of priority areas for conservation measures as part of the MPA management plan.
Keywords: évaluation économique, télédétection, analyse spatiale, mangrove, écosystèmes marins, aires marines protégées, littoral, Tristão, Guinée, Economic assessment, remote sensing, spatial analysis, mangrove, marine ecosystems, marine protected areas, coastal area, Tristão, Guinea
-
474.More information
The health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has caused major disruptions in all sectors of industry and has sped up the digital transformation of organizations while being the catalyst for online training and digital learning (Brunet, 2020; CFIB, 2020; Lamb, 2020). In a post-COVID context, it is thus conceivable that the training systems in organizations will be mainly based on online or hybrid training methods (Schrumm, 2020). The traditional training method is considerably dissatisfactory for current managers. Thus, new options are being considered by employers to address themselves their workforce specific skills shortages for their own their industry. One such initiative is digital micro certification (DMC). This article proposes a conceptual model produced by reviewing the literature, that combines the field of education with that of the business world. It presents the elements that speed up the adoption of DMCs as well as the obstacles that may be met during implementation.
Keywords: Microcertification, Numérique, Apprentissage, Entreprises, Gestionnaires, GRH
-
477.More information
Objective – This article presents findings about undergraduate student attitudes regarding search data privacy in academic libraries. Although the library literature includes many articles about librarian perceptions on this matter, this paper adds rich, qualitative evidence to the limited research available about student preferences for how libraries should handle information about what they search for, borrow, and download. This paper covers acceptable and unacceptable uses of student search data based on American undergraduate student perspectives. This is an important area of study due to the increasingly data-driven nature of evaluation, accountability, and improvement in higher education, which relies on individual-level student data for learning analytics. These practices are sometimes at odds with libraries’ longstanding commitment to user privacy, which has historically limited the amount of data collected about student use of materials. However, libraries’ use of student search data is increasing. Methods – This qualitative study was approached through interpretive description, a rigorous qualitative framework for answering practical research questions in an applied setting or discipline. I employed the constant comparative method of data collection and analysis to conduct semi-structured interviews with 27 undergraduate students at a large, American, urban public research institution. Interviews included questions as well as vignettes: short scenarios designed to elicit response. Through inductive coding, I organized the data into interpretive themes and subthemes to describe student attitudes. Results – Participants viewed academic library search data as less personally revealing than internet search data. As a result, students were generally comfortable with libraries collecting search data so long as it is used for their benefit. They were comfortable with data being used to improve library collections and services, but were more ambivalent about use of search data for personalized search results and for learning analytics-based assessment. Students had mixed feelings about using search data in investigations related to criminal activity or national security. Most students expressed a desire for de-identification and user control of data. Students who were not comfortable with their search data being collected or used often held their convictions more strongly than those who found the practice acceptable, and their concerns were often related to how data might be used in ways that harm members of vulnerable groups. Conclusion – The results of this study suggested that librarians should further explore student perspectives about search data collection in academic libraries to consider how and if they might adjust their data collection practices to be respectful of student preferences for privacy, while still meeting evaluation and improvement objectives. This study also introduces the qualitative framework of interpretive description to the library and information science literature, promoting use of this applied qualitative approach, which is well-suited to the practical questions often asked in library research studies.
-
478.More information
Distance teaching was an unusual practice in our institution; the health situation in the spring of 2020 has prompted urgent questions and implementation of devices.
Keywords: Formation à l'enseignement, situation-problème, modèle SAMR, conception, collaboration, Teacher training, problem situation, SAMR model, conception, collaboration