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There is no doubt that the today dominant conception of religion as a form of faith (pistis) in a transcendent God has been strongly influenced by metaphysics which developed notions such as those of pistis and of a transcendent reality which would be eternal, spiritual or unphysical. It can safely be argued that this metaphysical conception is a legacy of Platonism. There has thus been – historically, conceptually and in the way religion often understands itself – a fusion of horizons of religion and metaphysics. Is this fusion felicitous or not? Must it be overcome? Can it be overcome? Does it disregard essential aspects of religion that would be foreign to metaphysics? In order to address these issues, this essay recalls, in broad strokes for the sake of discussion, some elementary distinctions one can make between religion and metaphysics and some of the reasons for their historical fusion.
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This article examines the credibility and relevance of the role Justin Martyr is accredited with in the contemporary interreligious dialogue. In fact, the concept of Logos spermatikos he introduced into the Christian theology is acknowledged since Vatican II as the justification of the openness towards the non-Christian religions. While examining the dialogue practiced by Justin himself, the author of this article reaches the conclusion that the open mindedness of Christians involved in the contemporary interreligious dialogue goes beyond the one of Justin.