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129.More information
As Olivier Roy observes, the secularisation of European Christianity is reflected in a culturalization of Christian references. Freed from their religious significance, these symbols become cultural heritage markers and can be the object of political instrumentalization. As such, “Christian roots” have become a topical feature of populist discourses whether in France, Italy, Poland, Hungary, Bavaria or elsewhere. Became a heritage as a cultural matrix, Christianity makes it possible to compete with the people's identification to the citizens by constructing a “real” people identifiable with its culture. Muslims or sexual minorities are symbolically excluded from the civic body and their demands disqualified as deviances. This rhetoric would be an indicator of a trend towards illiberalism on a global scale. But the secularisation paradigm has its limits. For how can we explain the success of populist leaders in geographical areas that are much less secularised than Europe, such as Brazil and the United States ? There are indeed deep affinities between populist rhetoric and certain political theologies.
Keywords: sécularisation, instrumentalisation politique, recomposition partisane, illibéralisme, théologies politiques, secularization, political instrumentalization, parties' reconfiguration, illiberalism, political theologies
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130.