Documents found
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321.More information
Of the Grasset de Saint-Sauveur family, André (1758-1792) is the most well known member. He was not only a martyr of the French Revolution who was beatified in 1926 but a college was also named after him. This article, however, is about his older brother, a character his exact opposite: Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (1757-1810) whose editorial career was outlined in the last Cahiers des Dix (2002). This essay examines some of his works by showing the period's influence on them and that which they introduced as novel in the literary and editorial world of the era (especially when we take into account the fact that these works are the product of a writer who was born in Montreal). We see the importance that this enterprising author, engraver, and compiler placed on costumes in his Encyclopédie des voyages [...], Voyages pittoresques [...], Fastes du peuple français [...], Tableaux cosmographiques [...], and other Tableaux des principaux peuples [...]. The article also analyses what Grasset says about the Canadians in tome V (America) of l'Encyclopédie des voyages (1796): here we do not learn about his French-speaking compatriots but only about the "Sauvages" of America, as if his perception of Canada (and the image he wants to present to Europeans) had concealed the settlers in the province even though they had been there for generations. Also, is his image of the Amerindians an accurate one or rather does it flow from an antiquarian tradition regarding the iconography of this very popular subject in the period? In fact, it appears as though the general criteria for Grasset's publications was the "picturesque." However, Grasset does more than simply follow the fashion of the times: he is decidedly avant-gardist when he reveals his views on the Blacks in Africa and especially in the libertine text attributed to him: Hortense et la jolie courtisane [...]. In this fantastic story about a European woman lost in America in the company of the "nègre Zéphire", the reader is treated to reflections on interracial marriages. Here, the White man does not always impose his value system and acculturation for Grasset is a two-way street. These are some of the many discoveries that invite us to get to know this Canadian author better and whose works definitely deserve to be published again and systematically analysed.
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323.More information
AbstractDuring the twentieth century, declining mortality rates were accompanied by a marked change in the pattern of mortality in terms of age at death and cause of death. There has been a transition from high infant and child mortality to a pattern of mortality chiefly at advanced ages (age 65 and over). This considerable improvement in the survival rate at younger ages, along with a pattern of deaths occurring at more advanced ages and generally within a shorter and shorter age interval (compression of mortality), has generally tended to result in the survival curve gradually becoming more rectangular (rectangularization of the survival curve). The researchers, using systematically selected indicators, have found this to be the case in Québec. Although the compression of mortality is continuing to occur, it has progressed at a slower pace since 1960, and rectangularization of the survival curve has become more noticeable at older ages. When the situation in Québec is compared to the situation in various countries, compression of mortality is found to be more pronounced in Québec than in Denmark, the United States and Hungary, but less so than in Japan, the Netherlands and Sweden. According to data for the period 1995-1999, rectangularization of the survival curve is more pronounced in Québec than in the first three countries mentioned and less so than in the last three. In Québec and Canada as a whole, both of these phenomena are equally pronounced.
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326.
De la « maison commune européenne » à la désintégration du pacte de Varsovie... et à celle de l'URSS
More informationBy moving rather belatedly towards a controlled democratization of Eastern Europe's political regimes, Gorbachev and his team sought to carry out a vast and ambitious plan to transform the international order in Europe, a plan which was to yield considerable benefits for the USSR. The process having got out of hand, the USSR did not step in to preserve the objectives of its European policy which, at the same time, was seriously compromised. It attempted to adjust to Eastern Europe's new political situation by making, over more than a year, great efforts to preserve the existence of a transformed and renewed Warsaw Pact, seeing in it an indispensable transitory instrument for its new European policy. The collapse of Eastern Europe's regimes and the progressive disintegration of the Warsaw Pact largely contributed to Gorbachev's losing control of the political situation in the USSR and greatly accelerated its breakup.
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329.More information
This article deals with healthcare renunciation, from an original database – the SHARE survey – never used on this topic to our knowledge. In line with previous works based on smaller samples, we find that both economic and social constraints, as well as risk behaviours, significantly affect healthcare renunciation. The accumulation of social features and addictive behaviours also play a key role. Finally, some differences between countries appear, especially between Northern and Southern Europe and for some Eastern countries.
Keywords: Renoncement aux soins, Territoires, Enquête SHARE, Santé, Healthcare renunciation, Territories, SHARE survey, Health