Documents found
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6511.More information
AbstractVincennes one of several French colonies founded in the interior of the North American continent. It has received very little attention from historians, especially for the period after 1763, when it passed, in quick succession, into the hands of the British and then the Americans. This article aims to shed new light on these troubled and uncertain times between the end of the French regime and 1795, when Amerindian military power seemed to be definitively weakened in the region and when a Catholic priest settled in Vincennes as both the federal Indian agent and the parish priest named by the bishop of Baltimore. This thirty-two year period saw a constant evolution in the relationship between the residents and local representatives of central authorities : first, there were the British Crown and the United States government, especially their local representatives who exercised a great deal of autonomy ; secondly, there was the Catholic Church and the priests assigned to the local parish, with difficulty and irregularity, by the diocese of Quebec and later the diocese of Baltimore. The residents of Vincennes, well aware of their place within a vast North American network which ran from Quebec to New Orleans and from Baltimore to St. Louis, sought to defend their local identity and local interests, be they political or religious. Thus, residents attempted to become masters of their own destiny through compromise, despite frequent misunderstandings and under pressure from external authorities.
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6512.More information
AbstractThis research project suggests a general overview of public functions and institutions of the Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan parish between the years 1810-1840. The text first offers an examination of the public duties and charges as they existed in the parish during the above-mentioned time period. It then integrates the people who occupied these positions in the analysis. This approach allows to associate given socioeconomic profiles to the exercise of specific duties and charges, and thus suggests a definition of institutional elites that finds its basis in the examination of individual actors' origins.
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6513.More information
This article deals with leasehold farms, also known as indirect farming, in the Montréal area in the 18th century. It discusses the nature of the rented properties and of the social groups involved in the process while describing the terms of the phenomenon as shown in the leases. These indicate that, in the 18th century, there was a wide variety of land properties leased, especially large farms. This observation leads us to question the reasons for the persistence of mid-fruit rentals, often associated with archaic and poor agriculture.
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6514.More information
AbstractIn Quebec, the integration of ethnic minorities is an issue which initially arose within educational institutions, particularly the Commission des écoles catholiques de Montréal (CECM). Covering the period from 1947 to 1977, this article analyzes the evolution CECM policies related to integration in light of the social relationships between the French-speaking majority and the English-speaking and allophone communities. In our opinion, the CECM played a decisive role in redefining the French school as the primary place for receiving and integrating ethnic minorities into the French-speaking majority. This was done, on the one hand, by progressively adopting a tougher stance on the language of instruction and, on the other hand, by developing a genuine policy on francization and the welcoming of ethnic minorities.
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6515.More information
The author proposes that Kama La Mackerel's ZOM-FAM is a fabulatory archive for queer indenture. She contextualizes this book of poems within Mauritius and the island's histories of enslavement and indenture and observe how ZOM-FAM offers a queers lens through decolonial approaches to language alongside an aesthetic that illuminates new genealogies in queer indenture and decolonial gender.
Keywords: archives, affabulatoire, engagisme, queer, île Maurice
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6516.More information
AbstractDistancing itself from logocentric methodologies that privilege narrative and text in memory research, this paper insists on the importance of the senses in practices of social recall. Through ethnographic analysis of an open-air museum commemorating Soviet history in today's Lithuania, it examines differential ways in which sight and taste are mobilized as memory media for linking the nation's socialist past with its “capitalist” present. The paper also argues that this museum constitutes an apt ethnographic locus in which to critique unproblematic unilinear approaches to the ongoing systemic change in the European East after Communist rule.
Keywords: Lankauskas, mémoire sociale, les sens, transformations postsocialistes, Europe orientale, Lituanie, Lankauskas, social memory, the senses, postsocialist transformation, Eastern Europe, Lithuania, Lankauskas, memoria social, sentidos, transformación postsocialista, Europa oriental, Lituania
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6517.More information
Some French humanist poets betray a keen awareness of the intrinsic fragility that affects the cultural dynamics of the Renaissance. Marot and Du Bellay express its inchoate nature, even when addressing the King. While celebrating the times they live in, they rarely greet the renewal as an ongoing event. Qualifiers and other linguistic structures make it a virtual reality in their verse. To explain this paradox, this article will first examine the temporal and moral ambivalence affecting humanist poets’ relation to Antiquity. The analysis will then turn to conditional and negative turns of phrase that can be interpreted as oblique warnings to the Prince (“If you do not… then be careful”). Despite the obvious expectation of a budding renaissance, hopes that a French Virgil will emerge are fraught with doubt and virtual wording. Finally, the reluctance toward the epic reveals issues that displace the end of the Renaissance, and perhaps pave the way, if not for a true political renaissance, for a poetics of renaissance as a process.
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6518.More information
AbstractThis paper presents a historiographical analysis of the Tunisian business cycle sources between the 1st quarter of 1970 and the 2nd quarter of 2002. We begin, using the industrial production index, with a retrospective exam of the output gap which provides an economic diagnosis of the cyclical movement causes. Then, we classify the causes of the cycles between supply and demand shocks, internal and external. After that, a VAR model of a small open economy helps us determine the real weight of the different shocks in the cyclical movements. We also isolate the active phases of strong volatility from the quiet phases of weak volatility. We find that (i) the Tunisian economy is vulnerable to the domestic shocks, supply and demand, as well as to the evolution of the international cycle; (ii) there is a preponderance of supply internal shocks in the explanation of the business cycle and we note that internal demand shocks exerce a relatively weak effect; (iii) the external shocks contribution is relatively weak and is fundamentally explained by supply shocks; (iv) the cyclical movements between 1980 and 1990 are characterized by an active period of strong volatility followed by a relatively quiet period (1990-2002).
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6519.More information
SummaryAlthough post-modernism is strongly re-shaping processes of both theory building and theme selection in social sciences, its epistemic drift is still far from influencing the way in which social sciences describe themselves and narrate their disciplinary history. If the main outcome has to be found in underlining the extent to which even scientific discourses have beiïn shaped by particular historical circumstances, at the same time such an emphasis gave rise to a strong dislike, and eve n a refusal, of all overarching theories and reductive schemes of explanation. Quite often, this had led to a new and moie radical form of epistemic relativism. Nevertheless, it has supplemented sociology with analytical devices capable to stand the increased degree of reflexivity and self-reference within social science discourse. According to these epistemic positions, the Authors want to demonstrate that the sociological discourse can be analysed as any other literary discourse, that is to say as a specific form of textual production that narrates a fictional approach of something (like a rhetorical illusion) called social reality.
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6520.More information
This article invites a reconsideration of the role of adaptation in the development of modern Italian cinema, from the neorealist era to the auteur cinema of the 1960s. While post-war neorealism appears to celebrate the “purity” of a de-dramatized representation of reality, it is far from implying a renunciation of the artifices of screenplay writing. Neorealism is largely based on film adaptations, as evidenced by masterpieces such as Ossessione (Visconti, 1943) or Bicycle Thieves (Ladri da biciclette, De Sica, 1948). Through a comparative analysis of La Terra Trema (Visconti, 1948) and La Parmigiana (Pietrangeli, 1963), we would like to envision Italian modernity as regards the novels: contrary to the principle of fidelity, adaptation challenges the causality of cinematic narrative, leading to the indeterminacy of the modern novel.
Keywords: adaptation, adaptation, Antonio Pietrangeli, Antonio Pietrangeli, Luchino Visconti, Luchino Visconti, Italian neorealism, modernité cinématographique, film modernity, néoréalisme italien