Documents found
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1091.More information
Teacher practice analysis currently wavers between the study of actual practices and the study of a discourse on these practices. However, in this endeavour, education research seems to struggle to leave the level of exploratory studies, often conducted in a more or less structured fashion with small samples, thus precluding generalization. This paper presents a scientific modeling approach of the underlying invariants regarding practices. This approach is applied in two stages : 1) the study of teacher practice representations as worded by a sufficient number of teachers and uncovered through lexicometric analyses, and 2) the study of actual practices, observed via audiovisual recordings and related to one another with factor analyses. Examples of the approach are given.
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1093.More information
Evaluation of an accompanying collaborative device is a sensitive element that questions in particular the effect of the accompanying people. The literature has relied in particular on the notion of socio-cognitive conflict to support this perspective. In this article, we study the specific case of a collaborative device for veterinary student guidance with the collaboration of teachers and vet practitioners. The proposed mixed evaluation of the process and these effects shed light on the roles of these professionals from an animatic perspective of groups. The asymmetries of status, the roles defined, and the social climate specific to the generation of a socio-cognitive conflict appear as essential in any accompanying collaborative device.
Keywords: animatique, représentations sociales, jeu de territoire, analyse de réseaux sociaux, social representations, territory game, animatic theory, social network analysis
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1094.More information
Transportation infrastructure and mobility contribute to define the city of the future. They have to take into account the emergence of new technologies, the diversification of transport modes and the evolution of practices. Taking these aspects into account can promote and accelerate the transition to the city of the future, with a positive social, environmental and economic impact, in order to cope with the foreseeable changes in the context. This article proposes an exploratory analysis of the urban mobility and transport evolutions. For this purpose, we have studied the scientific literature on mobility, transport and their evolution using a lexicometric approach. This approach was completed by a set of interviews with experts in the field of transport and mobility. These interviews led to a qualitative and lexicometric analysis. The combination of these different analyses allowed us to identify the most important points of the evolution of mobility and transport, as well as to see the difference in viewpoints between these two groups. Thus, the scientific literature proposes many works highlighting technological innovations, while the experts have rather focused on the evolution of practices and discussed the notion of parsimony in mobility. However, these two visions are complementary and lead to several paths for the mobility of the city of tomorrow.
Keywords: mobilité urbaine, transport, prospective, ville, évolution, futur, urban mobility, transport, prospective, city, evolution, future
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1095.More information
This article characterizes the influence of the specificities of start-ups and the features of an ecosystem of mobility orchestrated by public actors, on the strategies adopted by start-ups to protect their innovation. We identify four main strategies and show: (1) the diversity of protection modes employed, the role of contracts as tools of protection, and the importance of the data protection problematic; (2) the influence of start-ups' specificities (type of innovation, nature of the concurrence, size of firm) and ecosystem of mobility's features (orchestration by a public actor, local emergent ecosystem), which condition the intensity of concurrence, size of the market, and risks liked one the collaboration of actors.
Keywords: Protection de l'innovation, propriété intellectuelle, brevet, secret, protection formelle de l'innovation, protection informelle de l'innovation, écosystème, mobilité, start-up, ville, Protection of innovation, intellectual property, patent, secret, formal protection of innovation, informal protection of innovation, ecosystem, mobility, start-up, city, Protección de la innovación, protección de los derechos de autor, patentes, secreto, modos de protección formales, modos de protección informales, ecosistema, movilidad, puesta en marcha, ciudad
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1096.More information
The author first reviews the scholarly literature on the epistemological issues underpinning the integration of communications and information technologies into university teaching. He then identifies the impact of these issues on the use of CITs in teacher training. The paper presents the results of a study carried out with the teaching staff at Université de Sherbrooke concerning computer literacy profiles, attitudes towards computer technology and the methods used to integrate CITs into teaching at the undergraduate level. These results are examined in the light of conclusions based on a review of English-speaking scientific literature.
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1097.More information
Through this research we explored whether the cognitive, social and technical mediations developed between certain education actors, in the particular context of a disruption of practices due to the COVID-19 pandemic, have led to professional development among teachers working in elementary and secondary schools in Quebec. Forced to teach remotely or in hybrid mode by a long period of confinement, teachers had to keep in touch with students and ensure the continuity of their learning. This context has led teachers to turn to various mediation resources, such as through peers, social media or educational advisers. Operationalized by changes in practice in the context of an unprecedented health crisis, the professional development of the 29 participating teachers was studied using the Q methodology. The classifications of the statements developed for this purpose highlight three teacher profiles: those whose professional development was mainly based on interactions with known colleagues, teachers who relied more on their reflections and pedagogical advisers and those who were inspired by professional exchanges on social media to develop their practice. Related to teaching in specific contexts, our results could be used by pedagogical advisers to better support the development of professional skills allowing the adaptation of teaching practices to unusual situations.
Keywords: développement professionnel, pandémie, profil des enseignants, réseaux sociaux, conseiller pédagogique, professional development, pandemic, teacher profile, social media, pedagogical advisor
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1098.More information
Self-esteem is known to be unstable in early adolescence. It is also a developmental period when peers become increasingly important. The sociometer theory suggests that adolescents' social position within the peer network is related to their self-esteem, which might help explain patterns of change in self-esteem at this time of life. We hypothesized that adolescents' position within their clique would interact with their clique's popularity to influence changes in self-esteem over one year. Participants were 348 Belgian adolescents (mean age: 13 years old; 61% female). For youth in average or popular cliques, self-esteem increased over a year, regardless of their position within the clique (i.e., central or peripheral). In contrast, one's position within the clique predicted changes in self-esteem for members of unpopular cliques. Central members' self-esteem remained high, while peripheral members' self-esteem started low and decreased over time. Our findings highlight that being part of an average or popular clique could be a protective factor for peripheral members' self-esteem while clique's unpopularity is a risk factor for youth in peripheral positions.
Keywords: relations avec les pairs, statut social, popularité, estime de soi, analyses de réseaux sociaux, peer relationships, social status, popularity, self-esteem, social network analysis
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1099.More information
Mental health disorders affect the human also defined as a "Human-trace" (Galinon-Mélénec, 2011), a producer and a product of traces, regardless of their gender, age or social level. Digital, seen as culture (Doueihi, 2013), modifies the construction of sociability and of the space we inhabit. It alters our relationship to mobility in the city. With its advent, one "traces its path" (Vidal, 2015) by producing traces and data that instantly change an urban space in constant movement and expansion. By looking at disability as a variation of human development (Fougeyrollas, 2010), we study the ability of digital technology to achieve full social participation of persons with psychiatric disabilities. Inspired by Interactionism and works of the French School on Trace, our ethnomethodological research takes a closer look at social representations, communication and digital behavior of a group of people with psychiatric disabilities in a specialized habitat in Le Havre, north-west of France. Moreover we interview organizations tasked with assisting the integration of the group in social life. Our findings show a weak use of digital tools, which would normally be key in the building of the social links of these persons with the city. Based on the above, we concluded the need for a connected clubhouse offering digital education and collaborative memorial projects. This clubhouse, ideally built in partnership with public and private actors, would help the group widen its network based social participation (Saba Ayon, 2016).
Keywords: handicap, incapacité psychique, numérique, participation sociale, trace, inclusion, disability, psychiatric disability, digital, social participation, trace, inclusion
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1100.More information
This article shows 1- the interest and the pertinence of a multimedia educational game using Web, the objective of which is to intervene on the attitudes towards sexual health of youth ; 2- the process research (validation) using 10 experts examining the pertinence of the contents, the adequacy of the game for the target audience, the visual aspect and the degree of difficulty of the activities and 3- the impact research (pre and post-test) using a questionnaire containing 34 indicators of attitudinal change towards sexual health of 173 youth aged 13 to 14 years old. The process evaluation shows that the game is appropriate for the realities of the youth involved. The results of game's impact show an improvement of attitudes towards sexual health.
Keywords: jeu éducatif en ligne, santé sexuelle, éducation à la santé, attitudes, jeunes, educational game on line, sexual health, health education, attitude, young, juego educativo en línea, salud sexual, educación a la salud, actitudes, jóvenes