Documents found
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2341.More information
Throughout its history, criminology has been influenced by many disciplines. In the early 20th century it was shaped by positivist sociology in the United States and by psychiatry in Great Britain, and later was strongly influenced by critical currents in sociology. Beginning in the 1990s, it began to take into account the viewpoints of various disciplines. This article uses citations from a group of criminology journals, mainly in English, to analyze the relative influence of those disciplines between 1991 and 2014. The analysis reveals that writing in criminology is increasingly interdisciplinary, with 65 % of articles in 2014 citing sources in more than three disciplines. In those articles, the proportion of references to the field of psychology has grown, while references to the social sciences and to law have decreased. Close examination of journal citations and author affiliations shows that 42 % of the journals studied have an interdisciplinary profile, 22 % take a socio-criminological perspective, 22 % focus on psychology, and 4 % are devoted to law. Lastly, analysis of the network of these journal's citations reveals influences from multiple disciplines on criminology's core publications, from journals rooted in criminology and the social sciences to interdisciplinary journals as well as those that focus on psychology.
Keywords: Criminologie, bibliométrie, revues, interdisciplinarité, sociologie, psychologie, Criminology, bibliometrics, journals, interdisciplinarity, sociology, psychology, Criminología, bibliometría, revistas, interdisciplinariedad, sociología, psicología
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2342.More information
This article focuses on the theoretical and empirical link between local public action and the locational process of Multi-National Companies (MNC). Through a qualitative study, based on five MNC recently established in Kalouga (Russian region), the results underline the nature and the role of local public resources : among location factors, territorial management practices become more and more important in a context of high uncertainty.
Keywords: Management Public et attractivité territoriale, EMN, acteurs territoriaux, ressources territoriales, Public management and territorial attractiveness, MNE, territorial actors, territorial resources, Gestión Pública y el atractivo territorial, la REM, los actores locales, los recursos locales
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2343.More information
The article examines the identity of youth in English-speaking schools in the Montreal area and their sense of belonging. The analysis is based on the sociological understanding that identity is a social construct, which is complex, always evolving and constantly changing (en mouvance). The analysis demonstrates that the lived experiences of youth are highly complex as a result of their daily social practices. Based on the results of an ethnographic study with youth from two English-speaking high schools, two major findings are discussed. First, the majority of the participants reported having multilingual identities. Second, a power struggle is waged over language in Quebec and the participants experienced it on a daily basis.
Keywords: identité, jeunes, ethnographie, pouvoir, langue, identity, youth, ethnography, power, language
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2344.More information
This article aims to describe how maps are used in teaching (elementary school social studies classes and secondary school history and geography classes) at Francophone schools in a linguistic minority community. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were recorded with teachers. The thematic and interpretative analysis showed that most of the teaching focused on the location of places and the reproduction of existing maps while few teachers spoke about analysis, interpretation, and the creation of maps. The teachers highlighted challenges they faced when using maps in the classroom such as the lack of training specific to teaching with maps, the absence of adequate material, the diversity of students' learning styles, and students' lack of basic knowledge. These challenges do not allow the teachers to help pupils develop the outcomes aimed for in the curricula.
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2345.More information
To develop their international operations, SMEs sometimes become permanently involved in groups integrating direct local actors (producers and/or processors) and foreign firms in charge of helping them to access foreign markets. To identify and analyse the profiles that contribute to the co-evolution process of the members of these heterogeneous groups, this research examines the conditions that make it possible to create a common advantage over time while still working toward an individual project. Two complementary cases of groupings associating Malagasy exporting SMEs and foreign firms are studied, in a longitudinal and qualitative way, to understand such a process. Based on an abductive approach, the linking of these cases makes it possible to identify two distinct actor profiles that determine the co-evolutionary potential of the parties involved : behavioural profiles (reactive capacities to cope with the conditions of the external environment) and managerial profiles (proactive attitudes that contribute to impacting the external environment).
Keywords: groupements d'entreprises, internationalisation, coévolution, profils comportementaux, profils managériaux, PME, business clusters, internationalisation, co-evolution, behavioural profiles, managerial profiles, SMEs, agrupaciones empresariales, internacionalización, coevolución, perfiles de comportamiento, perfiles de gestión, PYMES
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2346.More information
Conflicts between work and eldercare roles are common among Canadians and tend to trigger difficulties in remaining in employment. Literature about workplace support to employed caregivers is still inconsistent which is why we have undertaken an exploratory study whose aim was to identify which kinds of support caregivers actually access at work. Semi-directive interviews were led between 2014 and 2015 with Quebec employed caregivers (N=23). Our analysis shows that access to work-life balance measures essentially depends on the relationship with the supervisor.
Keywords: conciliation travail-famille, proches aidants, soutien organisationnel perçu, soutien du superviseur perçu, aménagements flexibles du temps de travail, work-life balance, caregivers, perceived organizational support, perceived supervisor support, flexible work arrangements
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2347.More information
Having recognised the importance of the documents produced by the various organisations of the health network, the author explains how they were organised in a data base. The purpose is to make them known, make them accessible, and to increase their use. A group of collegues collaborated to create "RÉFLEXES", which covers Montréal but could eventually see its coverage spread to other regions.
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2348.More information
Based on Canadian census microdata, this paper analyzes income inequality between native-born Canadians and immigrants from developing countries as well as discrimination against immigrants in the labor market. Our results clearly show that there is a disparity in income between the native-born and non-Western immigrants and that this disparity results from differences in characteristics between the three groups and unobservable factors, such as discrimination. Deskilling of immigrants is unequally distributed according to their origin.
Keywords: Immigrants, revenu, capital humain, discrimination, Canada, Immigrants, income, human capital, discrimination, Canada
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2349.More information
The hiring of temporary foreign workers (TFWs) has an impact on residential and workplace cohabitation in rural communities. This study is based on interviews conducted with employers (n=17) and key informants (n=23) from the agricultural, horticultural and landscaping sectors in Quebec. This type of hiring encourages various social actors to reconsider their management practices to recreate a balance in communities destabilized by the demographic increase driven by the seasonal arrival of TFWs in small communities. From this analysis emerges a model of diversity management that takes into account the challenges of cohabitation for employers and workers.
Keywords: Travail temporaire, travailleurs étrangers, secteurs saisonniers, gestion de la diversité, cohabitation, Temporary work, foreign workers, seasonal sectors, diversity management, cohabitation
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2350.More information
Context: Alcohol consumption is associated with more than 200 health problems. To help reduce alcohol consumption in the general population and its negative consequences, it is important to understand the beliefs surrounding alcohol use.Objective: Conduct a synthesis of the literature on beliefs surrounding alcohol consumption in the general population among Western societies between 2008 and 2020.Theorical framework: The Integrated Model of Behavior (IMB) provides a foundation for conceptualizing and identifying the factors that influence health-related behaviors. It represents a relevant theoretical framework for better understanding the reality surrounding alcohol consumption.Methods: The scoping review was selected for this knowledge synthesis. Databases including The Health Policy Research Center, Medline, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences, PsycINFO and SocINDEX were surveyed with a series of key words about beliefs and alcohol consumption. A total of 107 articles were retained. Descriptive quantitative analysis and thematic qualitative analysis were used to synthesize the articles.Results: The majority of articles came from the United States (n=49), the United Kingdom (n=18) and Australia (n=15). Themes from the qualitative analysis fit in four beliefs coming form the IMB, which are emotional beliefs, behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and beliefs about control. Results shows that beliefs about alcohol have a significant influence on drinking behaviour. These beliefs are complex, varied and are influenced by many individual and social factors such as age, gender, consumption habits and cultural and gender norms.Conclusion: This overview of beliefs about alcohol consumption can inform practice, research, and policy development. Understanding these beliefs may help the implementation of preventive actions to influence behaviours.
Keywords: croyances, alcool, étude de portée, beliefs, alcohol, scoping review, creencias, alcohol, estudio del alcance