Documents found
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2461.More information
The COVID-19 crisis highlighted the importance of recognizing women's work, especially that of those providing essential, close-proximity services in the care sector. Additionally, the crisis exacerbated the already challenging working conditions and work organization conditions of these occupations. Using a mixed methods approach, we examined the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on individuals employed in care occupations. Interviews and a questionnaire administered to a number of these individuals during the crisis revealed that certain services and tasks had been temporarily reorganized. This change degraded their working conditions and work organization, notably increasing the use of feminized skills and stress levels. However, some temporary changes proved beneficial and represent promising solutions. In conclusion, we propose solutions and reflections to promote better recognition of care jobs, particularly in the health and social services sector.
Keywords: COVID-19, emplois du, valorisation des emplois à prédominance féminine, compétences, conditions de travail, conditions de l'organisation du travail, santé et services sociaux, santé mentale au travail, COVID-19, care work, recognition of predominantly female jobs, feminized skills, working conditions, work organization conditions, health and social services, workplace mental health
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2462.More information
This article puts into perspective the notion of social acceptability regarding urban redevelopment projects which reallocate part of the roadway for pedestrians and cyclists. Using an analysis of 139 media documents and consultations with experts, this research examines the social acceptability of four Montreal case studies enacted during the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic which aimed to promote safe and effective active mobility. Our findings highlight the difficulties related to public authorities' experimentation, the weariness of the general population caused by an intensification of measures enacted over a short timeframe, the engagement of civil society, the role played by economic stakeholders, and the conflicting viewpoints which can arise on the same initiative. These results challenge the imperative need for a consensus and a definitive threshold when assessing the level of social acceptability likely to influence public decisions. Our research further demonstrates that urban development initiatives that disturb our unsustainable habits, as well as innovative experiments conducted on the built environment, tend to provoke significant resistance. Our findings may be applicable to broader initiatives aimed at combating climate change. Likewise, our research demonstrates that the need for social acceptability can pose a challenge in relation to efforts aimed at advancing a socio-ecological transition.
Keywords: aménagement routier urbain, acceptabilité sociale, mobilité active, transition socioécologique, gouvernance climatique, études de cas, sustainable urban planning, social acceptability, active transportation, social-ecological transition, climate governance, case studies
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2463.More information
This article explores the contribution of an urban collective self-consumption project to understanding the new dynamics of French electrification through the lens of energy justice. It analyzes the socio-spatial, legal, and financial framework of an initiative based in Rennes and examines the role of citizen finance as a lever for a territorialized energy transition—territorialization being considered here as essential for a just transition. As such, how does citizen investment contribute to territorializing the energy transition? Does this territorialization help reduce energy injustices, and if so, how? To address these questions, the article draws on a geolegal fieldwork conducted over one year. The findings demonstrate how the studied project effectively localizes practices of electricity valuation. Then, it enhances three dimensions of justice with a particular focus on an innovative flat rate electricity package sale, including an “eco” tariff designed for populations experiencing energy precarity, and the enhancement of procedural justice. Finally, the article explores governance implications, particularly regarding what “taking stock” means for the local deployment of energy systems. This work first addresses a key need, expressed in both social sciences and law, to clarify the concept of territorialization. By mobilizing a case study of limited scale (spatial embedment, number of participants, financial flow complexity), it contributes to shedding light on investment logics in electrical infrastructure and their impacts on energy access. Lastly, this article serves a collective effort to document the dynamics of collective self-consumption as implementing political ambitions for energy decentralization in the French context.
Keywords: autoconsommation collective, finance citoyenne, justice énergétique, géo-légal, France, collective self-consumption, citizen finance, ernergy justice, geolegal, France
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2465.More information
The need for higher education in Africa to adopt a more active, constructivist and socioconstructivist pedagogy seems to be a consensus. However, certain specificities of the African educational context, such as the large numbers of learners, appear to be an obstacle to this type of pedagogy. Also, tools such as electronic voting boxes (VEBs), which are likely to improve student participation in lectures, offer an opportunity for universities, especially in a particular African context. If BVE are factors of interactivity in teaching, do they promote learning? This quantitative research tries to understand the uses made of BVE in the context of 2IE and the perception of students on its effectiveness for learning.
Keywords: évaluation, boîtiers de vote électronique (BVE), grands groupes ; 2IE, pédagogie active, Burkina-Faso, evaluation, electronic voting keypads (BVE), large groups; 2IE, active pedagogy, Burkina Faso
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2468.
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2469.More information
In this article the new version of the OFCE quarterly macroeconomic model of the French economy is presented. This model is used both for forecasts and economic policy analyses. The model basicallly of the neo-keynesian type, is desaggregating the economy into five sectors and six products. First the overall model properties are described, then a set of ten standard simulations is released, covering areas of domestic policy as well as changes in the external environment.
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2470.More information
Within a few years, the concept of proximity has emerged and has been given a central, linking role in a new range of contributions led at the frontier between industrial economics and spatial economics. The interest raised by the concept may however be overcome by its polysemous aspect. It would thus be necessary to clarify the contents as well as the relevance of the concept of proximity. In order to attempt and tackle those questions, the paper focuses on one framework at the frontier between industrial economics and spatial economics -the analysis of technological and territorial interactions- within which the concept of proximity has emerged. In this perspective, we suggest that the dimensions of proximity stressed as well as the relevance of the concept are relative to the kind of approach employed for the analysis of technological and territorial interactions.