Documents found
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2792.More information
In this article, we will examine the representation of Artificial Intelligence in three science fiction stories for teenagers and young adults: No Man’s Land (2013) by Loïc Le Pallec, Le Suivant sur la Liste (2014-2015) by Manon Fargetton, and Scarlett et Novak (2014; 2021) by Alain Damasio. Each of these works reimagines the myth of AI's omnipotence in its own way. It manifests through anthropomorphic figures that act and interact with humans, while its algorithmic nature contrasts with its various forms of personification, inviting the reader to adopt a distanced perspective. In the first novel, powerful AI is embodied in intelligent, autonomous, and perfectible robots endowed with sensitivity and consciousness. However, they remain tools in service of humanity, reminding us of the wonders of life. In Damasio's short story, an AI-powered app is used for self-enhancement, but the system is flawed, creating addiction and security issues. Thus, the story revolves around breaking from these simulacra to reconnect with reality. In the last story, the discourse on AI is more ambivalent: a chatbot, initially designed to ensure the post-mortem continuity of a character, becomes part of the daily lives of the main protagonists and eventually acquires a form of ubiquity. The shortcomings of AI are not ignored, yet, in a transhumanist orientation, AI is presented as one of the advances and achievements of the contemporary world. These three speculations about a possible future world open up the debate on AI and encourage critical reflection on the present.
Keywords: littérature jeunesse, youth literature, science-fiction, science fiction, artifical intelligence, intelligence artificielle, sensitivity, sensibilité, human-machine dialogiue, dialogue homme-machine
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2793.More information
Keywords: Perception, Gestionnaires, Soins de fin de vie, Souffrance, Dilemmes éthiques, Infirmières
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2796.More information
Urban commons as a concept and social practice represent a new socio-economic and territorial logic in sustainable urbanism. They take different forms and include several social groups, generating numerous ideas and practices, sometimes new and sometimes in continuity with the past. Experiences of how urban commons contribute to debates are explored in territorial studies, particularly around issues of citizen participation and territorial governance. Through two case studies of urban commons in the city of Bologna in Italy, the structural and contextual conditions that led to their creation are analysed, and the associative dynamics are developed. This article offers an overview of how these projects contribute to participatory territorial development by comparing six elements: inclusion and democratic practices; needs targeted and met; appropriation of urban space; political aspect; feminist values and practices; and ecological values and practices.
Keywords: Urbain commons, Communs urbains, Bologna, Bologne, citizenship, citoyenneté, participation, participation, social movement, mouvement social
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2799.More information
The multinational model Atlas, first part : the national models, by François Cellier, Ronan Le Berre, Didier Miqueu. The multinational model, Atlas, constructed by the modélisation and in ternational data bank section at the Forecast bureau, has been in use since autumn 1982 for making forecasts on Frances international environment and studying global scenarios associated with sundry hazards about raw material prices, exchange rates and economic policies, among other topics. Atlas contains a model for each of the nine main Oecd countries together with the rest of the world's simplified representation divided into seventeen areas. Countries and regions are connected to each other with a model of Commerce describing global bilateral flows on a two-product basis : oil and non oil. The article is devoted to the national models, since the commerce model is to come out in a next Economie & Prévision issue. Choosing specifications for national models results from a compromise between the findings of horizontal thematic research on the one hand and those of vertical country-basis research on the other hand. The first part of the article is deroted to an overall introduction to national models, their common and different features. The importance given to the properties of each model in retrospective simulation as in variation is particularly underscored. The second chapter explains how the relationships between household consumption and wages for every country are being dealt with. It gives one a clue to the sundry specifications, checked beforehand, and the contents of the choices that have been made. The third part presents the US model relationships in full. Through that example, the logic and working of models are set out in detail , their properties are also exemplified by the results from the model working in retrospective simulation and in variation.