Documents found
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2972.More information
The term “creativity” is used in a wide variety of ways in professional, technological, socio-economical and educational contexts. In this paper, an exploratory literature review of the French-language scientific literature in educational sciences was conducted, revealing the fields of knowledge that mobilize the creativity concept. Both a descriptive and a categorical content analysis were employed. The results of these analyses allowed us to situate the context of creativity and to identify five fields of knowledge: 1) teaching and personal development, 2) problem solving and computational thinking, 3) artistic approach, 4) training and/or educational programs, and 5) creativity development factors.
Keywords: 21st century skills, creativity, educational innovation, education, creative teaching, creative pedagogy, créativité, pédagogie créative, enseignements créatifs, éducation, innovation pédagogique, compétences du 21e siècle
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2973.More information
The purpose of this article is to describe second-year elementary school teachers’ implementation of invented spelling in the classroom. The Essential Supports for Emergent Writers model was adapted to analyze the invented spelling of five teachers who were observed twice during the school year. The results show that in the context of invented spelling, students are able to verbalize their knowledge of the language and that teachers provide spelling explanations based on their conceptions. Invented spellings therefore seem to offer adequate conditions of effectiveness for developing writing skills in the context of teaching at the primary level.
Keywords: invented spelling, emergence of writing, teaching practice, condition efficiency, elementary, orthographes approchées, émergence de l’écrit, pratique enseignante, condition d’efficacité, primaire
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2974.More information
Professionalization is often defined as the implementation of actions enabling continuous and situated development of skills through and within work situations. This definition does not differentiate professionalization from work-based training. It is toward what ends they are used that distinguishes professionalization from training. Training is generally focused on the ability to act, while professionalization focuses on the power to act. In this perspective we use the capabilities framework understood as a power to act, in order to consider professionalization approaches, modalities, practices, systems or situations, and to question the capability to professionalize oneself. We first define terms related to capabilities and then describe the capabilities framework. Finally, we will analyze how this theoretical approach can be used to interpret professionalization.
Keywords: Apprentissage, Professionalization, Professionnalisation, Capabilities, Capabilités, Professional development, Développement professionnel, Power to act, Pouvoir d'agir
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2975.More information
The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of key findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the effect of leadership on mental health and well-being in the workplace, and to provide a critical analysis of their application to expatriated workers. The Medline, EMBASE, EBM and Web of Knowledge databases were accessed with keywords specific to leadership, mental health and well-being. The results show that despite the increase in studies to examine the effects of leadership on mental health in an organizational context, the issue remains understudied in international human resources management. To this end, recommendations are made to ensure that supervisors are better equipped to respond to situations where subordinates are deployed abroad.
Keywords: Métacritique, leadership, santé et mieux-être au travail, travailleurs expatriés
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2976.More information
Reflections on human resources (HR) have always been the subject of interest and are constantly being reinvented. There have been successive innovations in HR management and they have diversified numerous times. Each time the innovations required new concepts, tools and methods and new roles for HRM (human resources management). The concept of innovation itself has undergone changes due both to the work and currents and to the practice. The transformations require innovation actors to change status, roles and motivation and to impose organizational innovations in the HRM management methods. The digital transformation of the overall organization and the fourth revolution will also assign other roles and functions to innovation actors. The COVID-19 pandemic emerges in this context, imposing other HR management methods that must be invented, dared and imagined. Innovation actors must once again develop new views. This work aims to analyse these disturbances. It is not mainly a theoretical view. The concern to stick to reality on a relatively new subject does not allow us to have an essentially theoretical subject. The illustrations taken from real situations and choosing teleworking as an example, make it exploratory research work. The analysis leads to two major results. Firstly, we are witnessing an unprecedented extension of the views of innovation actors due to the pandemic that requires new innovative HRM methods. At least four views have been identified. Secondly, with the pandemic, teleworking, which becomes a necessity required by the situation, defines a new landscape of forms of innovation action with levels of HRM function disturbance varying in intensity according to the type of view that innovation actors adopt. Organizational innovations in HRM will have to include this combination of different views, thereby expanding the field of HRM in an exceptional and unprecedented way, and this must be done in record time.
Keywords: Inno'acteurs, GRH, innovation organisationnelle, COVID-19, télétravail
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2977.More information
This paper reports on the results of a computer-based survey of a large sample of 1910 employers in Quebec. The results detail how employers perceive the work of caregivers and present the measures that employers have put in place to adjust to the needs of caregivers and to help caregivers balance their personal and workplace responsibilities, two interconnected spheres. The results highlight the main organizational constraints, as raised by employers, that act as barriers to establishing practices that favour a work-life balance. Those who have hired caregivers over the last five years remarked on the benefits when caregivers had access to work-family balance practices: improved morale as well as increased loyalty and organizational commitment. Negative effects were namely employees being overworked and receiving a reduced income. Overall, the positive effects identified by employers were cited more often than any negative effects. Regarding the positive impacts for organizations due to the work-family balance practices offered to caregivers, these were related to an improved organizational climate, reduced employee turnover, and lower costs due to less absenteeism. The negative impacts for organizations included the overworking of immediate supervisors and colleagues as well as the financial impacts related to work-family balance practices.
Keywords: conciliation travail-famille-soins, conditions de travail, proches aidants, rétention de la main-d’oeuvre, temps sociaux
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2978.More information
Keywords: Loisir, intégration, nouveaux arrivants, Montréal
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2979.More information
Indigenous knowledge has been neglected by policy leaders and research for development. This study was carried out in October 2012 in two localities (Mahon and Diéri) located in the Kénédougou province (Burkina Faso). The aim was to valorize indigenous soil classification and soil fertility perception. We studied soil units along topographic units. The toposequences were selected according to geology and geomorphology. Soils classification was established in the field, based on semi structured interviews by using focus group method with tagba and sɛmɛ farmers. Visual method was used to describe topography, color, vegetation and tactile method was used to determine texture and coarse elements. The description was focused on the upper soil (0-20 cm) only. Soil composite samples were taken in the first 20 cm, to assess indigenous soil fertility perception. We found that soil classification criteria were based on topography and soil morphological characteristics and vegetation. Soils fertility was assessed on the basis of color and vegetation. In spite of a few minor variations in some soil qualities, soil physicochemical properties perception was consistent with laboratory results, proving tagba and sɛmɛ farmers had good knowledge on soil classification criteria.
Keywords: Connaissance endogène, classification, fertilité, Kénédougou, Burkina Faso, Indigenous knowledge, soil classification, fertility, Kénédougou, Burkina Faso
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2980.More information
Assessing students with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a constant challenge. It impacts the sense of personal effectiveness of teachers working with these learners who can have multiple specificities and for whom adjustments to pedagogical practices, and specifically assessment practices, are often essential. According to the literature, teachers’ self-efficacy has a direct effect on teaching practices and their mental health. The results of our study suggest that the appropriation of practices can improve teachers’ self-efficacy when they are involved in a professional development process providing suitable material and support.
Keywords: teachers’ self-efficacy, sentiment d’efficacité personnelle, appropriation, appropriation, assessment practices, pratiques évaluatives, développement professionnel, autism spectrum disorder, professional development, trouble du spectre de l’autisme