Documents found
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3001.More information
Parental support is a somewhat poorly documented topic in the context of vocational training (VT), compared to other levels of education. Building on a theme-based analysis of 80 interviews conducted with young adults enrolled in VT, we set out to identify the different types of support that these students feel they receive from their parents. Our analysis pointed to a four-part typology of parental attitudes towards their children’s academic pathways—encouraging, demanding, worried, and controlling—each of which corresponds to a different way of providing support. Analyzing these approaches through the lens of social capital and parental attitudes reveals their impact on academic pathways and illustrates the ways in which the young adults concerned can leverage relationship capital to ensure a more or less stable transition to the workplace. However, the same process also tends to reproduce inequalities.
Keywords: vocational training, formation professionnelle, jeunes adultes, young adults, soutien parental, parental support, parental attitudes, attitudes parentales, capital social, social capital
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3002.More information
Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) are likely to transform the work of professionals (i.e. caregivers, lawyers, teachers, social workers). This scoping review is part of a collaboration between union and research circles to identify the applications, uses and issues of AI that are documented in connection with the work of professionals. The results show that AI is very present in fields such as health, administration, law and education. Its purposes are multiple: from data archiving to decision-making, including word processing, interactions, recognition or simulation. AI could develop in many professions and create major cross-disciplinary issues, in particular around areas of competency, jobs, ethics and the functioning of organizations. Issues more specific to each profession are also identifiable. These results enable to propose a multidisciplinary discussion of these issues by dealing with ethics in the problems of consent to AI, the technological duality of AI, the role of a union in relation to AI and the computational challenge of AI explainability.
Keywords: Applications IA, éthique, ressources humaines, syndicat, informatique, étude de portée
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3003.More information
With the arrival of ChatGPT, the term artificial intelligence (AI) seems to become a fashion where several fields of expertise must renegotiate established paradigms. In the context of work, ever-growing literature predicts major transformations in work organization resulting in jobs rendered obsolete by the use of AI. This provocative essay goes against this trend. To support the argument, the authors use the concept of organizational stupidity to demonstrate how the irrational or even stupid side of businesses will surpass the efficient rationality promised by AI. Finally, practical implications are proposed for organizational decision-makers.
Keywords: IA, stupidité organisationnelle, psychologie organisationnelle, ère numérique, stupidité fonctionnelle
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3004.More information
Keywords: conseillance pédagogique, coenseignement, innovation, enseignement du vocabulaire, inclusion scolaire
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3006.More information
The spring of 2020 was marked by an unprecedented pandemic that put cultural activities around the world, including Quebec, on hold. Theaters, exhibition halls and creative spaces were forced to close their doors. Faced with this cataclysmic event, which paralyzed the cultural industries, artists, cultural organizations and public institutions had to be inventive to ensure their survival. Public funds were allocated to these industries, and a number of initiatives were launched, mainly in creative hubs such as Montreal, Quebec. The aim of this research is to understand how local players in the cultural industries have succeeded in setting up mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of cultural industries outside creative clusters. To meet this objective, we conducted focus groups and semi-structured interviews with artists, workers from cultural organizations and municipal workers. The results are organized around three themes. Firstly, the main issues affecting cultural industries outside creative hubs are presented. Secondly, we identify the initiatives that have been put in place to address these issues. Finally, we present the pitfalls encountered between the various groups (artists, cultural organizations, municipal institutions) and the ways in which they were able to work together to promote the sustainability of the cultural industries.
Keywords: pandemic, pandémie, cultural industries, industries culturelles, artists, artistes, cultural organizations, organismes culturels, municipal institutions, institutions municipales
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3009.More information
Introduction: The nursing role in elderly care has received increased attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is therefore essential to better understand the enactment of the nursing practice through professional activities carried out in long-term care facilities since the pandemic.Objective: To identify and synthesize the activities performed by nurses caring for elderly persons in long-term care facilities since the COVID-19 pandemic through a scoping review of literature from 2020-2023. A framework combining the Nursing Role Effectiveness Model by Irvine et al. (1998) and the Cadre de référence sur l’exercice infirmier auprès des personnes hébergées en centre d’hébergement et de soins de longue durée from the Ordre des infirmières et infirmiers du Québec (2018) will allow for the identification of independent, dependent and interdependent nursing activities in these settings.Method: The review will follow the scoping review method of the Joanna Briggs Institute (Peters et al., 2020). We will query CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases to identify empirical studies published in English and French from 2020 to 2023. The selection of relevant studies will be carried out independently by 2 reviewers. Data on nursing activities will be extracted, categorized, and analyzed in line with the scoping review framework.Discussion and Research Spin-offs: This research will identify nursing activities since the COVID-19 pandemic through recent studies that have addressed this topic in the context of long-term care facilities. Recommendations will be made concerning activities that are infrequently or not at all carried out by nurses, as well as factors that influence these activities.
Keywords: aged persons, personnes aînées, long-term care, soins de longue durée, nurses, infirmières, professional activities, activités professionnelles, scoping review, revue de la portée
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3010.More information
Background: Social accountability (SA) takes an important place in the accreditation requirements of Faculties of Medicine. We analyzed the evolution of SA in the undergraduate medical program at the University of Sherbrooke since the implementation of a complete curriculum in two distributed medical campuses.Methods: Using a qualitative and sequential research design anchored in Boelen's conceptual framework, we conducted a document analysis of strategic plans and accreditation documents between the years 2006-2023 to identify the SA actions of the medical program and generate an initial narrative with a timeline. Following three interviews and three focus groups with key actors at each campus, we developed a final portrayal of SA with a timeline.Results: The portrayal describes the way in which the faculty and its medical program planned their commitment in line with the identified health needs of the population (conceptualization), implemented actions to meet these needs (production) and verified that these actions “have had the greatest possible impact on people’s health” (usability). This approach demonstrates the time required to observe an increase in actions related to usability.Conclusions: This study made it possible to identify the work accomplished since 2005 by highlighting the strengths and challenges. This understanding of the road traveled, and the challenges encountered, will be shared with partners to identify further actions in response to the health needs of communities served. This approach and the resulting findings may serve as a source of information for other faculties of medicine interested in undertaking an analysis of their social accountability actions.