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3035.More information
Domestic violence (DV) is an important issue for workplaces, both from the point of view of productivity and workplace safety. However, in Québec and Canada, the concept of DV as a dimension of occupational health and safety (OHS) is relatively recent. Few studies on DV and work focus on interventions, and even fewer on those of a preventive nature. This study contributes to filling this gap. It presents the results of a series of interviews with key informants in different Canadian jurisdictions where OHS legislation addresses DV. The study suggests that, for legislation to achieve its goal, awareness of DV in workplaces is an essential element. In addition, community resources specialized in DV have a crucial role to play in the implementation of the legislation.
Keywords: Violence conjugale, Domestic violence, Santé et sécurité du travail, Occupational Health and Safety, Femmes, Women and Regulation, Régulation
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3036.More information
SUMMARYThis paper describes a general methodology for estimating life expectancy adjusted for variations in health status during the course of individuals' lifetimes — the population health model, POHEM. Measures such as "disability-free life expectancy" and the life table methodology on which these kinds of indices are based are considered. The restrictions embodied in such measures and their underlying methodologies can be conveniently avoided with the POHEM microsimulation approach. Prototypical outputs of POHEM are presented, and it is argued that the POHEM methodology is not unduly complex. Many countries could use it ta generate health status adjusted life expectancy indices given already available data. Moreover, POHEM provides a framework for integrating a range of health data and for producing a family of important health indices.
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3037.More information
Since 1960s, the Ivorian government care about his forest conservation. Thus, the Ivory Coast has set up a network of protected areas to conserve its forests and biodiversity. Located in Abidjan, the Banco National Park (PNB) and its periphery face a deeply environment changes in recent decades. This research aims to describe and analyze the various threats to urban pressure, including the risks of deforestation and pollution around and inside the PNB. To achieve these objectives, the analysis of the land cover and vegetation change help to understand the environmental dynamics of the Banco forest. The inventory and mapping of the types of risk and their impact on PNB enable to show the most vulnerable areas due to anthropogenic pressures and urbanization. The study of the types of human pressures in PNB is conducted through observations to detect spatial changes in recent years. The study also relies on an aerial photograph of 1955 and Spot satellite image taken in 1998. Aerial photography was acquired at the Centre of Cartography and Remote Sensing and the National Geographic Institute (IGN-Paris). The satellite image was obtained with the ISIS program of Spot Image. These data were used to map land cover in 1955 and 1998 and compare the evolution of the vegetation through a diachronic analysis.Indeed, in the year 1955, the land in the park and its periphery showed that the landscape was dominated by the forest despite the presence of a few urban space. The forest covered an area of 5462 ha while secondary forest covered an area of 9220 ha. These two types of forest represented nearly 90 % of the landscape of the study area. In 1998, 3450 ha of forest and 434 ha of forest plantations represente the vegetation of the PNB. Bordered by four towns, the Banco National Park suffers from the consequences of rapid urbanization. This rapid growth in the district of Abidjan has created many environmental problems, including the proliferation of shantytowns, inadequate facilities and transport infrastructure, sanitation and housing. The park is bordered to the north, east and south many poor neighborhoods without sanitation equipment. The PNB is to be the outlet for solid and liquid waste from households. Municipal storm water is discharged into the park. Multiple industrial units, informal activities and new residential areas bordering the park which is already facing since a decades to the creation of many facilities (creation of motorways, express roads, infrastructure and equipment necessary to meet demand of urban water, electricity etc..). In addition, many areas of PNB are subject to land claims, including the north-east and south of the park. These disputed areas are correlated with particular types of communities along the villages of Anonkoua Kouté Sagbé and north-Agban Attié and Agban-village southeast, and southwest Andokoi. In order to improve the protection of PNB and to enable his participation in economic development of people, its directors have established a policy of participatory management. This strategy involves local people in conservation. The association of local people in the community management of forest resources can empower them by involving them in monitoring missions, recovery and development. The development of the park through ecotourism, the development of alternative activities toward poachers and illegal loggers are among the many strategies implemented to save this threatened ecosystem. Ecotourism has become the most important policy of participatory management of public administrators of PNB.
Keywords: urbanisation, parc, gestion communautaire, conservation, biodiversité, abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, écotourisme, urbanization, park, community management, conservation, biodiversity, abidjan, Ivory Coast, ecotourism
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3038.More information
The Quebec public sector is evolving in a context of change, with massive retirements of managers from the baby boomer generation. These retirements create a problem with the loss of tacit managerial knowledge that is essential to the performance of ministries and organisations, and the quality of services rendered to the citizens. This research explores how mentoring can act as a mechanism for sharing tacit managerial knowledge in a context of change between experienced managers and those of generations X and Y, by investigating the types of managerial knowledge shared and acquired, as well as the conditions and mechanisms that foster it. By adopting a qualitative approach with 52 mentees and 11 mentors participating in a government mentoring program, this research shows that the tacit knowledge transferred to young managers by mentors concerns the public service environment, management and self-perception as a manager. Furthermore, the results show that for the sharing of tacit managerial knowledge to be effective, the mentoring relationship must be structured and flexible, and both actors in the dyad must resort to mechanisms such as deduction and induction, simulation, observation, coaching and the application of the knowledge received, followed by feedback. Thus, this research proposes a framework for sharing tacit managerial knowledge that promotes accelerated development of young manager skills. By identifying the conditions and mechanisms for sharing tacit knowledge, it provides organizational leaders with an approach for implementing mentoring programs, from which they can draw inspiration.
Keywords: Mentorat, partage des connaissances tacites, compétences managériales, changement dans le secteur public, transfert intergénérationnel
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3039.More information
Change is the modus operandi of contemporary organizations. In many organizations, they are constant, rapid and overlapping, creating a saturation of change. In such a context, change management becomes particularly complex. One of the main difficulties is related to the recipients, who may have difficulty coping with the changes. It becomes essential for managers to understand how recipients adapt to change in order to be more successful. Improving the recipients’ capacity to change (RCC) could be a key to change management. However, RCC can refer to different realities, so its dimensions and the levers that can promote it remain unclear. The objective of this study is to clarify the RCC and to identify the levers used to promote it. Thus, a systematic review of the literature on RCC was conducted in the following databases: ABI/INFORM, APA PsycInfo and Business Source Complete. The 69 articles selected were used to generate a conceptual map clarifying three dimensions of change capacity: openness to change (OC), commitment to change (CC) and behavioural support for change (BSC). These would represent a continuum of the recipient’s evolving positive responses to change. Three levers used to promote them (information and communication, support, and participation) were also identified. The preferred levers would evolve along the RCC continuum.
Keywords: Capacité à changer, adaptation au changement, réactions du destinataire, revue systématique de la littérature
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3040.More information
Professional development (PD) for teachers is one of the most effective ways of improving the quality of education and preparing them for new realities (Mukamurera, 2014). Faced with the arrival of generative artificial intelligence (AI), many anticipate the need to train teachers to ensure responsible use of this emerging technology while also providing a solution for improving teachers' PD pathways. This literature review therefore seeks to understand the extent to which AI can enhance teachers' PD. To this end, 24 articles were analyzed based on the 7 teacher PD characteristics of Darling-Hammond et al. (2017). AI can value teachers' PD characteristics to some extent, but its effects on teachers' practice require further investigation. For future studies, it is recommended that Darling-Hammon et al.’s (2017) characteristics be analyzed for their value through AI trained with the SAMR model in view of uncovering the extent to which such characteristics could be (S) substituted, (A) enhanced, (M) modified or (R) redefined by AI use as well as the effects such changes could have on teacher’s agency.
Keywords: intelligence artificielle, artificial intelligence, inteligencia artificial, inteligência artificial, teachers, docentes, professores, enseignants, desenvolvimento profissional, desarrollo profesional, professional development, développement professionnel, formación, formação, training, formation, technologies éducatives, tecnologias educativas, tecnologías educativas, educational technologies