Documents found
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3061.More information
This paper aims to explore the paradoxical tensions that are present in sustainability-driven and high-growth SMEs, and the practices implemented to deal with such tensions. This research is based on a single-case study within a French SME, a pioneer in the organic sector. The study findings reveal four major paradoxical tensions that progressively deepen in the course of high-growth periods : normative and utilitarian identities, organic and external growth, exploration and exploitation, disorganization and structuring. They also suggest a set of strategic keys, allowing to manage paradoxical situations through the perspectives of dialogue and differentiation.
Keywords: Croissance, Développement durable, Paradoxe, PME, Étude de cas, Growth, Sustainable development, Paradox, SME, Case study, Crecimiento, Desarrollo sostenible, Paradoja, PyME, Estudio de caso
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3062.More information
The cognitive dimension of governance extends shareholder theories by introducing other resources necessary for the development of the firm: cognitive resources. It is through the board of directors that these resources can be mobilized. Using the resource dependence theory, we consider this contribution in the case of risk management in an innovative context. Our longitudinal case study provides several illustrations. It shows that the Boeing Company has conducted a dynamic approach to the strategic management of the board of director resources for 24 years. In doing so, it gradually deprived itself of a key resource that it sorely lacked in the development of the 787 and 737 MAX programs. The lack of diversity on its board may partly explain the setbacks encountered by the company.
Keywords: Cognitive governance, Gouvernance cognitive, risk management, gestion de risques, board innovation, conseil d’administration, competencies, innovations, compétences
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3063.More information
Quality of working life (QWL) is presently creating growing interest both because of the human and financial costs without it, and because of the benefits it can bring. Within the public sector, the numerous reforms undertaken in recent decades have resulted in work intensification and quality of life deterioration, that are factors that do not contribute to helping public organizations face their own challenges, particularly in terms of change management. In response to these issues, some organizations have supplemented their organizational changes with QWL improvement strategies that go beyond meeting legal or regulatory constraints. While research mainly focuses on the analysis of QWL for the individual, this qualitative study resorts to the stakeholder theory to better understand and explore QWL strategies within Quebec public organizations. The data provided by 33 semi-structured interviews and internal and external documents, were collected from three organizations. The results enable to identify the stakeholders involved in these QWL strategies, and to analyse their role and their reasons. They emphasize that the employer state should think about the stakeholders and the reasons for implementing a QWL strategy, and also think about the role of the Treasury Board Secretariat in establishing and supporting such strategies, and in the management of related change.
Keywords: Qualité de vie au travail, stratégie, parties prenantes, secteur public, gestion du changement
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3064.More information
As a result of recent developments in AI, data-based school governance is undergoing profound changes in its implementation, the consequences of which are difficult to anticipate in detail. This is particularly the case for school systems such as Quebec's which have been late to embark on data-based school governance and whose ins and outs are largely still to come. Other school systems, notably the Anglo-Saxon countries and some Western European countries, are more advanced along this path. These studies offer interesting insights to better understand current changes in school governance, as well as the issues at stake and their consequences for school systems, and to guide managers in their implementation of data-based school governance, which is particularly timely in the case of the Quebec school system since it is in its infancy. The aim of this paper is to provide a synthesis of what we know about data-based school governance in the age of AI.
Keywords: gobernanza escolar, gestão educacional, gouvernance scolaire, school governance, school data, dados escolares, données scolaires, datos escolares, informatização, datificación, datafication, infrastructure de données, intelligence artificielle, infra-estruturas de dados, data infrastructure, infraestructura de datos, inteligência artificial, mise en données, inteligencia artificial, artificial intelligence
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3065.More information
Artificial intelligence (AI) is associated with numerous benefits for workers and organizations. However, its novel capabilities are likely to generate fears for the sustainability of their jobs and reluctance to use AI among humans. In this study, the role of trust is studied in the use of AI among workers, as well as the ability of the explainability of the algorithm to promote trust. To achieve this, a randomized experimental design was used. The results reveal that trust promotes the intention to use AI, but that explainability does not contribute to the development of trust. In addition, explainability had an unexpectedly deleterious effect on the intention to use AI.
Keywords: Intelligence artificielle, confiance, explicabilité, travail, intention d'utilisation
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3067.More information
Social inequalities in health services (SIHS) include several challenges that governments and civil society actors are trying to address. Confronted with the complex situations experienced by the populations that are affected by them, intersectoral and territorial interven-tions are an avenue to be explored. This paper looks at the integrated community care in the Centres intégrés de santé et services sociaux (CISSS) and the Centres intégrés universitaires de santé et services sociaux (CIUSSS), and its contribution to reducing SIHS through a practice that acts on the social determinants of health. Four intersectoral and territorial interventions in Quebec are examined to understand how practitioners are involved in identifying these determinants that contribute to SIHS, and how they act on these determinants. The discussion raises issues of governance of the health and social services network in relation to the disparity of powers and the erosion of public services in general.
Keywords: Integrated community care, Intervention de proximité, social determinants of health, déterminants sociaux de santé, social inequality in health, inégalité sociale de santé, gouvernance, governance, population responsibility, responsabilité populationnelle
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