Documents found
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511.More information
Keywords: Culture numérique, web, Cardon, espace public, algorithmes, digital labor, culture digitale, web, cardon, spazio pubblico, algoritmi, digital labor
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512.More information
Eighty-three rituals for the Kadosh Knight grade of the Scottish rite, dated approximately from 1750 to the present day, are digitally processed by methods of text mining or lexical analysis. To facilitate the understanding of our work, these methods are briefly described and software implementations are compared.For these texts, dates of first appearance are often uncertain, and so we attempt to establish chronological criteria and elements of kinship. A phylogenetic dendrogram appears as a necessary resource to determine the probable parentage of these rituals. Such a tree is built on the concept of distance and thus allows to compare the numerical proximity (similarity) or distance (dissimilarity) of these texts. For the purpose of digital processing, a metric based on Muller's method or khi2 is used a priori on the graphical forms. It appears in retrospect that the same metric, when used on syntactic functions, leads to a nearly identical phylogenetic tree.
Keywords: Fouille de texte, distance lexicale, datation, fonctions syntaxiques, arbre phylogénétique, rituels maçonniques, Text Mining, Lexical Distance Dating, Syntactic Functions, Phylogenetic Tree, Rituals of Masonry
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513.More information
Speculation on Simplifying Personal Income Tax, by Réjane Hugounenq and José Sastre Descals.This study analyzes changes in the structure of personal income tax from the point of view of a thorough reform of the entire system of tax and social security contributions. The aim is to simplify the system, broaden the tax base and erase the anomalies observed in the spread of marginal tax rates by eliminating tax relief, reductions and the minimum collection rate as well as altering the tax scale. The proposed reforms reduce the marginal tax rates and improve the system's redistributive properties (as plotted on a Lorenz curve). It is observed that political decision-makers have a fair amount of room for manoeuvre in implementing these improvements as regards the choices of gains and losses relating to the various classes of revenue. Finally and not surprisingly, a choice necessarily needs to be made in the short term between a broadening of the tax base and redistribution.
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514.More information
Érudit is an inter-university consortium whose mission is to promote and disseminate research results. Érudit's infrastructure and the services it provides ensure the electronic publication and distribution of several tens of thousands of documents that are consulted by millions of visitors each year. This paper recounts the brief history and the first development decade of this young organisation. It begins by addressing aspects of public policy, the needs of the research community, the economic model as well as the choice of partnership structures. This is followed by a description of Érudit's electronic editorial services and of technological choices that were made, one of which is the use of XML as a foundation for documentation infrastructure for publication and distribution. And finally, the technological infrastructure of Érudit is described as well as some possible avenues for future development in terms of its editorial platform.
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515.More information
Frontiers, political Systems and Fertility in Europe. This article examines the question of impact of political systems on regional levels of fertility in Europe. After they have defined the general context of the political systems' spatial effects, the authors present different tools which may be able to give an account of statistical and spatial homogeneization of demograhical behaviours in States or supranational groups. In the case of fertility in Europe, the analysis reveals strong interdependencies between regional or local behaviours and the adherence to political systems. The interpretation of these interdependencies is based on three families of assumptions connected with political systems organization.
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516.More information
Mass subcultures and new technologies. The development of mass cultural technologies has considerably shifted the frontiers of cultural practices since the last twenty years. Faced with the emergence of new organisations, the dialogue between a logic of "free of charge" and profitability has come up from the point of view of techno capitalism and counter cultural musical movements as well. These trends (hip hop and techno) have structured free, collective productions and mass marketing but the integration of these subcultures turns out to be differentiated as regards the status of the new economy.
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517.More information
Two studies were conducted to examine the work experience of people with disabilities. The purpose of the first study was to understand the perceptions that people with disabilities have of the labour market. The people with disabilities (N = 28), who participated in semi-directed interviews were all seeking employment. The analysis revealed how people with disabilities conceive of access to employment. At a second stage, interviews were conducted among participants with a visual impairment who were employed (N = 6). These employees discussed the meaning attributed to their experience in the labour market. Results will be addressed in light of various social movements that have contributed to the evolution of the right to work that is held by people with disabilities in Canada.
Keywords: Inclusion professionnelle, personne ayant un handicap, handicap et travail, Professional inclusion, people with disabilitis, disability and work
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518.More information
Using Q methodology, we propose in this article to identify groups of viewpoints on specific aspects of well-being at work among beginning teachers. First, 11 participants ranked 43 statements on an answer sheet referring to aspects of their practice and work environment that could influence their well-being. Then, rankings were analyzed using PQMethod software. According to the results, during the first three years of teaching, teachers' well-being at work is more significantly influenced by events that take place in the classroom. After this period, the relationships with colleagues seem to contribute to their well-being at work.
Keywords: méthode Q, enseignants débutants, bien-être au travail, expérience professionnelle, Q methodology, beginning teachers, well-being at work, professional experience, método Q, professores iniciantes, bem-estar no trabalho, experiência profissional
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519.More information
Keywords: Motivation, Théorie de l'autodétermination, Contraintes, Ressources, Bien‐être au travail
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