Documents found
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531.More information
Given the changes and constant mutations which occur in societies at the social, political, economic, technological, and educational levels, the concept of citizenship must be continually redefined. While French-speaking citizens, immigrants and members of the host society can find common ground thanks to the French language, they can also find differences because of other characteristics linked to their identity, such as culture, ethnic background, religion, and history. This is why we must analyze the meaning that these groups give to the concepts of citizenship and citizen participation, interpreting the differences and similarities that surface in their discourse regarding these two concepts. The use of computerized tools and statistics has enabled us to find-through a constant comparison between qualitative and quantitative analyses-the perceptions, similarities, and divergences in the discourse of four groups of participants involved in our study: immigrant youth, immigrant parents, host society youth, and host society parents.
Keywords: citoyen, participation citoyenne, immigrant, société d'accueil, analyse lexicale, citizen, citizen participation, immigrants, host society members, lexical analysis
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532.More information
The reasonable accommodation crisis (2006–2008) thrived on “incidents” to render the visibility of religion in the public space as problematic. However, the controversy surrounding the draft Quebec Charter of Values (2012–2014) was initiated and then orchestrated by the political power in place then, above and beyond the characterized “incidents.” Starting from a lexicometric analysis of news and editorial articles published in the Quebec francophone press during this debate, this article traces the lexical territories and profiles around which the journalistic production that mobilized the concept of secularism revolved. The article highlights, from an analysis of the editorial positions of three major Quebec dailies, how this concept has essentially been reduced, in its media coverage, to the modalities for regulating individual expression of religious beliefs.
Keywords: laïcité, Québec, Charte des valeurs, liberté de conscience et de religion, médias, secularism, Quebec Charter of Values, freedom of thought and religion, media
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533.More information
Cronbach's alpha is the most common internal consistency index in educational sciences. The goal of this article is to assess the performance of six internal consistency estimators by conducting a simulation study. The simulation focuses on Cronbach's alpha, lambda-2, Guttman's lambda-4 and lambda-6, the greatest lower bound (GLB) and the omega. Forty-five scenarios were defined by the sample size, the number of items and the value of factorial saturation coefficients. The results suggest that if the instrument has five items, the preferred estimator would be omega. In other cases, it would be the GLB. Alpha and lambda-2 are systematically the two estimators that most underestimate the value of internal consistency and should be avoided. Lambda-6 would be the best estimator offered by SPSS. Overall, this study offers an empirical rationale for a change of practice in educational research.
Keywords: fidélité, consistance interne, mesure, simulation, alpha de Cronbach, fidelity, internal consistency, measure, simulation, Cronbach's alpha, fidelidad, consistencia interna, medida, simulación, alfa de Cronbach
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534.More information
The aim of this article is to compare empirically measurement models from classical test theory, generalizability theory and item response theory. First the basic concepts of these measurement theories are presented. Then, using an attitude questionnaire of nine items administered to 3 600 subjects, the results of the psychometrical analyses associated with each of the theories are compared. Most of the psychometrical observations associated with a measurement theory are reproduced by the other two approaches. These results suggest that, even if these theories seem conceptually different, they lead to the same conclusions about basic psychometrical observations.
Keywords: Théorie classique des tests, théorie de la généralisabilité, théorie des réponses aux items, modélisation mathématique, fidélité, erreur type de mesure, coefficient alpha de Cronbach, coefficient de généralisabilité, information, modèle logistique à deux paramètres, modèle gradué de Samejima, Classical test theory, generalizability theory, item response theory, mathematical modelling, reliability, standard error of measurement, Cronbach's alpha, generalizability coefficient, information, 2-parameter logistic model, Samejima's graded model, Teoria clássica dos testes, teoria da generalizabilidade, teoria da resposta a itens, modelização matemática, fidelidade, erro padrão de medida, coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, coeficiente de generalizabilidade, informação, modelo logístico com dois parâmetros, modelo graduado de Samejima
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536.More information
This article focuses on Working Papers ending the Training program used in social work and outlines the first empirical data and the first analyses of an exploratory research carried out in 2018 on the writing processes concerning the Specialized Educators' (SE) end-training assessments. These reports are produced by the trainers overseing the students in their pathway, included in a device of professionnalization designed inside the IRTS (Institut Régional du Travail Social, e.g. Regional Institute of Social Work) at Montpellier (France). First we describe the socio-historical context where this research takes place, into set more precisely the Training program applied. Afterwards we detail Discourse-Based analyses of a sample of working papers in terms of discursive categorizations practiced in the profession.
Keywords: Professionnalisation, parcours de formation, évaluation, écrits professionnels, travail social, éducateurs, Professionnalization, training program, assessment, professional writings, social work, espacialized educators
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537.More information
In this article, I question the relationship between corpus linguistics and the kind of research objects that a computer-based linguistics deals with. I try to show that using software to carry out linguistic investigations in ü uences the kind of objects linguists are studying. Computers help to grab forms, so linguists tend to take forms as a point of departure and investigate their meaning(s). Another orientation exists, from meaning to the expressions that express this given meaning, and it may also use software tools. In this case, in order to limit subjectivity, I propose to adopt a methodology which combines a measure of judgments about the collected data and in-corpus annotation of the phenomena under study.
Keywords: methods, Corpus linguistics, tools, NLP, méthodologie, TAL, Approche onomasiologique, objets linguistiques, outils
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538.More information
The current study investigates the pattern of beliefs of 76 preservice teachers about assessment as they start their first assessment course at the university and examines the evolution of their beliefs through the course. The results showed that the preservice teachers hold initial beliefs more in line with alternative assessment than traditional assessment. At the end of the course, their beliefs remained stable. Suggestions for action to promote the development of assessment skills among preservice teachers are proposed to instructors.
Keywords: Croyances, évaluation, futurs enseignants, Belief, assessment, preservice teachers
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539.More information
To find out about the instructional strategies used in French classes in Quebec secondary schools that participate in the development of students' writing skills, we carried out a secondary analysis of data collected by the Description internationale des enseignements et des performances en matière d'écrits group (DIEPE, 1995) (1,815 secondary 3 students from Quebec, 300 French teachers). No instructional strategy predicts with a high degree of confidence the writing of better texts (two-level multiple regressions), but using the instructional strategy extra writing may be linked to better performance.
Keywords: stratégies pédagogiques, écriture, enseignement du français, école secondaire québécoise, régressions multiples, instructional strategies, writing, teaching of French, Quebec secondary school, multiple regressions, estrategias pedagógicas, escritura, enseñanza del francés, escuela secundaria quebequense, regresiones múltiples
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540.More information
L. Bidermann-pasques, J. Humbley : The Reception of English words in the French Press : Propositions for the Harmonisation of English loan-words The use of foreign words in a French text raises problems, some of which involve spelling. Not all foreign words that appear in newspapers will necessarily become part of the language : far from it. However, they do pose problems for spelling that must be dealt with. From a corpus of neologisms, we examine the reception of various English words as used in a Parisian daily paper, and the problems they pose for French-speaking journalists and correctors. Then, taking as a model English loan words already present in French dictionaries, and examining the main tendencies and principles of the French orthographic system, we propose a number of solutions that could be adopted for the spelling of these words.