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541.More information
What is the Position of Demographic Transition in French Polynesia in 1992? With regard to the natural shifts of population, the recent demographic evolution of French Polynesia gives a good example of the situation in the other countries of the South Pacific Islands. The main trends of this evolution are: a slow adjustment on occidental fertility, the preservation of traditional behaviours for nuptiality, the continuation of mortality decrease. So the demographic increase still constitutes a social, economical and political challenge, and this will be for a long time.
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542.More information
The present article examines the new Web-based forms of solidarity, particularly in the context of a disruption of traditional forms of social support in the workplace. It aims to show that two contradictory social processes can be detected. On the one hand, the emergence of a networked "cognitive capitalism", such as when companies use the power of networks and a libertarian ethics to boost innovation and productivity. On the other hand, the formation of areas of support, comfort and redemption, allowing dissatisfied workers to increase their self-esteem, or to serve their community by edifying huge cathedrals of knowledge in a spirit of altruism and mutual help. The relationship between the bottom-up innovation, exploration and creativity, and the aspiration for bonging solidarity is a key to understand these new relational forms and their social implications.
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545.More information
This paper develops a use of Logo as a research device, for observing how novices build conceptual schemes, especially in geometry. Children aged 5 to 12 were observed during their first hours of exposure to turtle graphics (drawings being definied as paths that a robot has to follow). They worked in small groups (2 to 5 children) on projects; that is, anything they had freely chosen to do with the computer. Results showing how elementary mathematics properties get mastered through manipulating the turtle are presented, and suggestions are given for further investigation.
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547.More information
In the course of excavations undertaken at the Magdalenian-Azilian site of Pont d'Ambon at Bourdeilles (Dordogne, France) an apparently unorganized heap of cobbles was discovered in 1974. A compilation of drawn plans does not clarify the confusion and yields no satisfactory results. The implementation of a 3-D computer system employing multiple images presents elements allowing determination and observation of the initial architechture. In addition, it presents information leading us to suspect actions which contributed to the dismantlement of a fireplace.
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549.More information
Newspapers have always been a very important source of information for parliamentarians. The press offers a critical analysis of public opinion and is an important tool in the communication of policy and legal changes. The collection and organisation of information for parliamentarians make up the two parts of an essential service provided by established and emerging parliamentary libraries throughout the world. The following article summarises the press clippings service offered by Canadian parliamentary libraries. It describes the electronic press service offered by Ontario and suggests a number of issues that must be considered during the transition to such services. Orientations for the future are also discussed.
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550.More information
Introduction: Traditional knowledge synthesis approaches can prove difficult to undertake due to their complexity and could shift away from the reality of the problem they want to address. This paper aims to present a methodological approach to conduct a stepped knowledge synthesis in a very short time, while ensuring stakeholder engagement. Information sources: A knowledge synthesis was conducted in collaboration with stakeholders to provide a rapid response to a clinical issue identified during the COVID-19 pandemic. Discussion: The stepped approach combined the rapid review, discussion workshop, Delphi consultation and meta-analysis methods, engaging stakeholders at every stage: 1) a rapid review of systematic reviews provided knowledge to inform clinical decisions within a few weeks, 2-3) a discussion workshop and a Delphi method respectively made it possible to define and prioritize the orientations for a more in-depth analysis of the vast literature identified, 4) a secondary meta-analysis of data from primary studies was able to respond to specific requests from knowledge users. The rapidity of sequence and execution of methods also highlighted methodological weaknesses in method design and development. Implications and conclusion: A stepped approach to knowledge synthesis makes it possible to answer quickly to the needs of knowledge users while ensuring the quality and relevance of findings to support decision-making.
Keywords: revue rapide, méthodologie, interventions numériques, maladies chroniques, santé mentale, rapid review, methodology, digital interventions, chronic diseases, mental health