Documents found
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672.More information
AbstractThis article provides an analysis of cognitive processes involved in the successful and unsuccessful learning of text processing. The authors base their analysis on the experiential learning model of Kolb (1984) which defines five modes of cognitive processing (exploratory, reflective, abstract, verification, and management) specified within three dimensions (attitudes, cognitive behavior, and organizational behavior). The analysis of the behavior protocols of two cases, one who succeeded and one who failed, showed both the possibility and the pertinence of distinguishing between the five processing modes and their relative importance in successful learning as well as the knowledge of when and how to apply these processes.
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674.More information
The objective behind the present article lays in interrelating Communities of Practice to Innovation within an inter-organizational relation context (IOR), by disclosing the role of knowledge grasping capacity. It could be worded differently as in the fact that we display, within a research model, the process of positive influence by Communities of Practice upon Innovation on account of the capacity to grasp as a variable intermediate. The relational variables of trust and engagement are considered as explanatory factors of communities' formation.To proceed, we actuated research starting up with ressources theories, dynamic capacities as well as the statement of ressources shortage and SMEs proximity management in order to exhibit a model linking up the relational variables (trust and engagement), Communities of Practice, knowledge sharing, grasping capacity and Innovation.we have tested the research hypotheses on a 110 SME sample. Data gathered were analysed by way of Structural Equation Modeling (LISREL for collateral analysis and PLS Path Modeling for hypotheses testing). The results revealed the existence of positive relationship between relational variables and notions of Communities of Practice. This relationship is reinforced by the interceding role of knowledge grasping capacity.
Keywords: Relations inter-organisationnelles, Communautés de pratique, Capacité d'absorption, Engagement, Confiance, Partage de connaissances, Interorganizational relationships, Communities of practice, Absorption capacity, Commitment, Trust, Sharing knowledge, Relaciones entre organizaciones, Comunidades de práctica, La capacidad de absorción, El compromiso, La confianza, El intercambio de conocimientos
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675.More information
Musical e-learning is nowadays possible since the development of the technologies as the standard MIDI, which allow communication between computers and musical instruments, Internet, Web and multimedia tools. All those components combined together help to produce musical courses on CDs, which can be brought after on Internet or Intranet of musical institutions. This progress in musical education can be observed all over the world and we will see in this article various examples of musical's e-learning which as been applied in schools in France and Canada.
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676.More information
Commuting in the Québec Metropolitan Area : gender, family and residential location — Using individual level spatial data derived from an «origin-destination» survey of 21 000 households in the Québec Metropolitan Area in 1991 and integrated in a geographic information system, this study shows that the residential location of households is an essential intermediate variable mediating the influence of family status and gender on work-trip length. Family status variations in journey-to- work patterns are related to the particular residential location of different types of households, including rapidly growing types such as working couples, single parents and lone persons. Because of the central location of the major work places in the Metropolitan Area, we observe, for different types of households, a significant correlation between average work-trip length and average distance from the center of the city.
Keywords: commuting, factorial ecology, family status, gender relations, Québec metropolitan area, residential location, écologie factorielle, famille, genre, navette, Québec (agglomération), résidence
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677.More information
Soviet computers : three decades of unavoidable history Freed from the laws of the market which, in the West, govern technical innovation, computers in the USSR have followed a specific pattern of development, with 1969 as a pivotal year. The author highlights the change which took place at that period in Soviet industrial policy in the area of information technology (the new research and development body, the common East-European programme on information technology) and justifies classifying these developments under two main periods, thus : - first period (the 1950's and I960's) independent development, - second period (the 1970's and 1980's) East-European cooperation. Each phase of development justifies the drawing-up of a balance-sheet. The « state of the art » at the end of the 60's, on the one hand, and at the middle of the 80's on the other, comprise the key sections of this study, which itself carries an outline of the unavoidable Est- West comparisons. If one considers only the tool, and not the use that is made of it, there are indications of a certain backwardness in development, and the germs of this can be identified (for example, the weight of the microprocess in current developments). The importance of East-European co-operation (within the context of the ISDL - The International Socialist Division of Labour) and the contribution of the members are underlined, as also a certain form of specialization, with the Soviet Union at the top end of the scale.
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679.More information
AbstractBelgian youth of Turkish and Moroccan origin are increasingly exposed to the structural and sociocultural changes affecting their parents' country. This paper examines how contacts with the parents' country of origin influence processes of social identity construction. We postulate that these contacts affect “identity strategies” as defined by Carmel Camilleri (1990). Sixteen Belgian youths of Turkish and Moroccan origin participated in in-depth interviews. These were analyzed with the content analysis software ALCESTE. Results reveal an influence of gender: girls and boys perceive cultural evolution differently. As expected, results show that participants adopt strategies to manage cultural diversity, but they also point to the influence of identity assignments from the country of origin.
Keywords: acculturation, jeunes, immigrés, stratégies identitaires, pays d'origine, genre, relations interethniques, acculturation, youth, immigrants, identity strategies, country of origin, gender, interethnic relations
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680.More information
Abstract Existing translator's workstations still provide very little support for the central and defining aspects of the translator's task. The concept of bi-text is shown to open altogether new possibilities for the workstation. A bi-text is a pair of texts (a source and its translation) linked by a set of explicit translational correspondences. If translations are organized bi-textually, the production of a translation service can become a veritable corporate memory , whose riches can be tapped by tools like bilingual concordancing systems . Bi-textual representations also provide the foundation for translation critiquing tools, capable for example of detecting the presence of deceptive cognates in a translation. Algorithms have already been developed that can automatically produce a (partial) bi-textual representation for a text and its translation. We are currently in the process of developing prototype concordancing and translation critiquing tools.