Documents found
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912.More information
Without making an evaluative and comparative analysis of the traditional arguments, we would want to examine the reference of the voluntary servitude when it is used to denounce an illusion of increase of the freedom of the individual, by means of information and communication technology. Basing on the original version (16e s.), is this reference justified ? In this paper, we would like to show that if there is a structure of the voluntary servitude, the debate between the defender of the information and communication technology and their opponents, involves thinking the relation between the humanity with the technology.
Keywords: Philosophie, liberté, servitude volontaire, technologies d'information et de communication, réseaux sociaux, Philosophy, freedom, voluntary servitude, information and communication technologies
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914.More information
In this article, Laetitia Le Clech gives an overview of the different issues and particularities which come into play in the conservation of geographic archives. In addition to maps, these include photographs and images as well as certain studies of terrain. She first presents several examples of the processing of cartographic documents in different places, and discusses the challenges posed by these documents. Geographic archives have many uses in the areas of history and geopolitics and in the development of government policies. The author reviews and illustrates each of these uses with examples. She then gives an overview of the conservation of cartographic documents in the digital era. As with other types of archives, this context has its own set of questions and new practices, including digitization for preservation and communication, and also the issues of obsolescence and the establishment of new norms. The author finishes her text with a presentation of diverse initiatives for communication and document creation which are presented by the new possibilities offered by digitization. She also alerts us again certain abuses and promotes a strong framework, the better to highlight these special documents.
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916.More information
This article is about the parliamentary election campaign in June 2012 conducted by the French Pirate Party. We examine how this partisan organization–whose particularity is that it relies on cyberculture to define its political approach–is trying to break the rules of the political game. Indeed, the Pirate Party and its activists want to hack politics by designing and practicing it differently. Accordingly, the Pirate campaign is a relevant practical case to understand how the candidates and the Pirate organization are trying to practice politics. We first analyze the sociography of the Pirate candidates and alternates, and then the campaign strategy and organization, as regards both candidates/alternates and the Pirate organization. Finally, we show the political and organizational consequences of this election campaign.
Keywords: Parti Pirate, partis politiques, campagne, cyberculture, engagement, Pirate Party, political parties, campaign, cyberculture, commitment
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917.More information
This article deals with the moral dimension of the decisional process of eleven directors general and twelve school board commissioners in the province of Quebec. The two groups of actors occupy two distinct spheres, that is, the administrative sphere and the political sphere of school establishments. Despite this distinction, these two authorities work together with the aim of ensuring the smooth operation of the educational mission. This article is the fruit of a research project that began in the winter of 2001 and was subsidized by an institutional fund. To analyse the moral dimension of the decisional process, we used a multidimensional ethics framework (Starratt (1991)). This framework was modified during the course of our previous research in order to make it more operational (Langlois (2000)). The results of this study demonstrate that several bonds unite the two groups but certain tensions remain, sometimes creating obstacles to the smooth running of the organization. During deliberations, it was possible to call attention to the presence of ethical approaches for the directors general and the commissioners. Although the title of this article may imply that there is a certain danger that persists between the two groups, the results demonstrated instead that the danger resides within the board of commissioners itself. Reading our results will allow the justification of this observation.
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918.More information
Cette thèse en communication porte sur le code source informatique. Le code source est l'objet de la programmation informatique et peut être défini comme un ensemble de commandes informatiques humainement lisibles, « écrites » dans un langage de programmation de haut niveau (Krysia et Grzesiek, 2008). Depuis quelques années, le code source fait l'objet d'une signification sociale et politique grandissante. Le mouvement du logiciel libre place par exemple au cœur de sa politique le libre accès au code source. Ce mouvement a d'ailleurs permis l'émergence de nombreux collectifs articulés autour de la fabrication collective du code source. Si plusieurs études se sont attardées aux différents aspects de ces collectifs et aux usages des technologies numériques en général, force est toutefois de constater que le code …
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919.More information
This study investigates the appreciation of the Solve it! method and its effects on the mathematical word problem-solving skills of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the settings of a special education classroom in a regular high school. The results indicate that while the usage of strategies was not maintained, the associated knowledge increased significantly. Moreover, the level of appreciation for the approach varied between students. These findings raise the importance of teaching differentiation and individualization, as well as the importance of factors influencing school motivation in the context of a specialized classroom in secondary education.
Keywords: trouble du spectre de l'autisme, classes spécialisées, adolescents, mathématiques, résolution de problèmes, autism spectrum disorder, special education classrooms, adolescents, mathematics, problem solving, transtorno del espectro del autismo, clases especializadas, adolescentes, matemáticas, resolución de problemas, Autismus-Spektrum-Störung, Sonderklassen, TeenagerInnen, Mathematik, Problemlösung
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920.More information
This article is the result of qualitative research conducted with few workers, whether salaried or not, from nine self-managed economic initiatives founded in North America between 1999 and 2019. The main aim of this research was to examine the implementation of new ways of thinking about market relations: access to the means of production, remuneration and the offer of services provided by these initiatives.
Keywords: Relations marchandes, travail, a-marchandisation, initiatives économiques, Amérique du Nord, Market relations, labour, a-commodification, economic initiatives, North America