Documents found
-
941.More information
The purpose of this study is to find out what the supervising teacher brings to the student- teacher. Expectations for student-teachers are high, as described in both the scientific literature and Québec's department of education documents. This article presents a case study. It examines the comments of a supervising teacher about his role during the secondary level pedagogical reform period, and his perception of what he contributes to his student-teacher's training. The perceptions of the student-teacher are also analysed. The analysis of the data collected through individual, semi-structured interviews shows little agreement between the perceptions of the two dyad partners. The interpretation of this result is not unequivocal. It gives free rein to many questions on the relational dynamic within the dyad. It also raises questions on the use of the interview as a tool for investigating mental objects, which are ideas and perceptions. Exploring the viewpoints of the research participants is confirmed as a valuable means of doing an in-depth analysis of a situation or phenomenon.
-
943.More information
The rise of crowdworking goes with the growth of the on-demand work in a context of a new pattern of systems of production. The digital platforms business model, so-called “uberization”, is built on a flexible, available and low-cost workforce bearing the risks of the activity. The legal debate focuses on questions of classification, against the backdrop of litigation involving the leading firms of this “industry”: is the digital worker an employee, an independent contractor, a semi-independent? Should a legal category specific to this form of activity be created? The challenge of the adaptation of labour law to this digital revolution requires considering the economic dependence of the digital workers in order to promote a better labour protection. This study deals with these issues in the light of the French legal framework.
Keywords: droit du travail, plateformes numériques, travail collaboratif, dépendance économique, labour law, digital platform, crowdworking, economic dependence
-
944.More information
In French-speaking Belgium, the educational system is made particular and complex because of the presence of several educational networks. This structural complexity leads, in particular, to provide multiple programs studies which are used by teachers for the preparation of teaching-learning sequences. Using data from several studies on the analysis of a part of the prescribed and implanted curriculum, the authors point out the complexity of teachers' task who have to take into account of this plurality of programs studies. Here, it's shown that this situation is far from generating well-being and self-determination in the professional development of teachers.
Keywords: Conception de séquences d'enseignement, apprentissage, développement professionnel, autodétermination, formation des enseignants, programmes d'études, bien-être, Conception of teaching and learning sequences, professional development, self-determination, teacher training, program study, well-being
-
945.More information
This study measures the effectiveness of practical work organized as a flipped-learning system in the postpandemic context. It highlights the importance of maintaining inperson learning when a distance learning is implemented, for the following reasons: i) inperson learning can compensate for the inequalities observed with distance learning; ii) it allows for close supervision; iii) it results in better development of applied skills. Moreover, it demonstrates that the facetoface component of a hybrid learning system does much more than just maintain human contact.
Keywords: Enseignement supérieur, COVID‑19, apprentissage hybride, travaux pratiques, inégalités sociales du numérique, interactions rapprochées, acquis appliqués, manipulation virtuelle 3D, Postsecondary education, COVID‑19, hybrid learning, practical work, digital social inequalities, face-to-face interactions, applied skills, 3D virtual manipulation
-
946.More information
Social support is frequently reported as a factor that fosters teachers' psychological well-being at work and can be promoted through workplace collective group activities. Within a systemic perspective, we present the results of a qualitative research project that examined teachers' perceptions after participating in discussion groups focused on developing their well-being at work. Findings not only highlight the contribution of this activity to teacher support networks, but also the importance of the discussion groups themselves, and the sharing of experiences between colleagues that occur within them.
Keywords: bien-être au travail, soutien social, groupe de parole, enseignants, workplace well-being, social support, discussion group, teachers
-
947.More information
It is often said that hazard models “have a memory”. Contrary to a common belief, this is true only for the baseline hazard, and not for the effects of time-varying covariates (TVC). The baseline hazard varies according to time measured from the origin, but the effect of a TVC is Markovian by design : the estimation of the effect of a TVC takes into account the state occupied at each moment and not the states occupied previously. Accordingly, its effect is not conditional on previously occupied states. This article looks at this issue from the perspective of mathematical statistics, mainly by distinguishing the theoretical population assumed by hazard models and the real and finite population from which actual samples are drawn. This is done using a simple example : the effect of conjugal status on the first birth, using data from the 2006 General Social Survey.
-
948.More information
How can communication practices, transformed by the arrival of computerized technologies and the evolution of me televisual system, be analysed? This article suggests looking at both technical and social mediation. The influence of technology is manifest in the modelling of practices on its logic and performance and in the increasing technicality of the communication process. That of society is seen in an individualization and personalization of uses, a combination of technical rationality and subjectivity. Yet the social link remains the reference which gives meaning to practices. Changes in life-styles and in users' discourse also bear witness to the inter-relatedness of technology and society which forms the theoretical approach of this analysis of communication practices.
-
949.More information
Using data from series the seventh wave (2000) of the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), this article focuses on mothers’ employment choices in various European countries and their decision (when they have young children) to use child care services. The study concerns Europe with 15 member States. Mothers’ behaviours in each country are analysed using two multinomial Logit models. The first model focuses on the labour supply decision (a distinction is introduced between part-time and full-time work). The second model compares the three following situations : non-employment ; employment and care within the household (or unpaid child care) ; employment and paid child care. Estimation results show that the extent of the effects of the main factors taken into consideration (wage rate, spouse’s remuneration level, number of dependent children and age of youngest child) varies quite considerably from one country to another. As for the impact of the presence of a child aged under 3 on the employment probability of mothers, the differences observed may be explained in part by the characteristics of the policies aiming at reconciling work and family life. Sabine Chaupain-Guillot, Olivier Guillot and Eliane Jankeliovitch-Laval Mothers’ employment choices and child care : a European comparison
-
950.More information
Age, Time and Standards: An Analysis of the Pharmaceutical Prescription by Pierre- Jean Lancry and Valérie Paris The introduction of coherent policies to control health spending requires definition of regulating variables likely to alter the behaviour of the various players (patients, producers of medical goods and services, health insurance bodies and supervisory authorities). Medicines play a very substantial part in outpatient medical consumption. As the largest item of expenditure, mainly associated with the work of general practitioners, they have long been the subject of special measures. In this work we focus on the determining factors of the pharmaceutical prescription. Using data on supply and professional practice (age, gender, occupation, place of training, practice locality, etc.), demand (age, gender, mortality rate, etc.) and market conditions (doctor density, average workload in the district, officially recognised sector, etc.).