Documents found
-
-
972.More information
Where will the value come from on the Internet? How can money be made on a network where almost everything is free? This article puts forward some ideas. In the short term e-commerce will be able to finance commercial web-sites, but these sites provide only a small proportion of the information accessible on the web. Free sites, in so far as they provide a place where consumers and producers can exchange the information required to design new products and services, are a key component of the Internet. The Internet will also help firms to change their structure in order to accommodate a faster pace of innovation. IP applications should help to update individual skills and to bring them together into a coherent system of knowledge and behaviour. Finally, when in the information economy the distinction between work and leisure is blurred, the Internet will create value either by organising control over intellectual property rights on information or by facilitating convergence of information producers and consumers.
-
973.More information
Open access is a movement that promotes free access for all to the knowledge and results of research without permission barriers. In a world where much of the research is publicly-funded, it seems logical and essential that the results of such research benefit the entire population. Several roads are available to authors wishing to make available in open access the results of their research and whatever the road taken, the benefits are undeniable, both for the users and for the authors themselves. The principal advantage of an open access to knowledge is that it allows for greater application of research results and that it stimulates innovation.
-
974.More information
Looking out from West-African space, this paper aims at exploring the myth of a borderless Internet. The electronic networks existing in West Africa have always been characterized by nodes located outside the African continent, even in the case of intra-African transfers. The geographical différence between territorial boundaries and electronic boundaries highlights an important aspect of the information society: the existence of non-contiguous border space whose border posts are effective, while moving.
-
975.More information
DISCOURSE RIGIDITY AND SEMANTIC VAGUENESS Through a computerized description of trade-union texts, an attempt has been made to automatically isolate and record complex unities called « lexies ». Such an endeavour highlights the difficulties met when identifying and making a list of such units. By restricting our scope to the category of syntactical lexies, we evaluate their importance in relation with the size of the text. A detailed analysis of a category of lexies is proposed, i.e. complex predetermination. The link between the characteristics of predetermination and discourse semanticism is studied in relation with the concept of « langue de bois », which stresses semantic vagueness.
-
976.More information
ABSTRACTIncreasing conjugal instability has led to a transformation of the parental role for a growing number of fathers. For many men, the breakdown of the first family they had formed often represents only the first of a series of transitions in their paternal life courses. In forming a new union, for example, a man often relinquishes the role of a part-time single father he had assumed after the first family breakdown, as he becomes a full-time stepfather to the children of his new partner. He may thus take on multiple roles : as father of the children from his first family, stepfather of his new partner's children and even father of a child born of the new union. For which of these children is this man responsible ? Which of these children is he obligated to support ? To attempt to answer these questions, this article first presents demographic research on paternal life courses. It then looks at some of the policies drafted in Quebec, Canada and certain U.S. states to regulate child custody and child support after the breakdown of a union, and assesses the relevance of the proposed measures in light of the diversification of paternal life courses.
-
-
978.More information
Incidence of the multilateral process on the viability of the preferential agreements: the euro-mediterranean case -The signatory countries of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA) had to reduce their import tariffs for agricultural products under the most favoured nation (MFN) clause. Many of these countries had concluded bilateral trade agreements enabling them to benefit from preferential market access. It is the case of the Mediterranean countries which signed agreements with the European Union (EU). The decrease in MFN tariffs initiated by the URAA is likely to be greater at the end of the forthcoming negotiations. This may induce an erosion of the preferences granted by the EU to Mediterranean countries and have adverse effects on their agricultural exports. We focus on the consequences of a decrease in EU MFN tariffs on Mediterranean agricultural exports.
-
979.More information
Family policies in Vaud, Switzerland. An indicator of social relationships The purpose of this article is to analyse the social policies developed in a Swiss canton for poor families so as to highlight the social norms on which they are based and which they go towards producing. For the most part, these policies support the model of “ conciliation” between employment and domestic work in order to extract families from their situation of poverty. They take into account the low pay of the working class and put forward a state income supplement, and they correspond to gender-related norms in Switzerland with regard to parenthood, which promote a significant presence by the mother for the first six years of the child’s life. The personnel responsible for implementing this system are mindful of the social conditions for successfully bringing together family life and professional life, and are also aware of the conflict that may exist for mothers between domestic values – properly looking after their children – and values at work. But they tend to restrict the state of patriarchal domination of poor mothers to those of families of the Global South.
-
980.More information
Interactive creative works are a new art form made possible by the new technological means created by the combination of microcomputers and laser disks. The role of the "spectactor" (spectator/actor) is examined from the standpoint of the theories of Morin and Metz. The importance of a "contactile" (contact/tactile) and a new concept of editing are discussed.