Documents found
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3091.
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3092.
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3097.More information
The incursions of the Ottomans into Europe starting in the fourteenth century gave rise to a particular genre of literature known as “antiturcic” (antiturcica), by turns warlike, prophetic, and historical. In this vein, the Dalmatian Marko Marulić of Split (1450–1524) composed a Prayer against the Turks (of uncertain date), the Lament of Jerusalem (ca. 1517), and a letter requesting the help of Pope Adrian VI (1522). Marulić was closely familiar with the Ottoman threat: during his life the Ottomans conquered Constantinople, Jerusalem, Syria, Egypt, Serbia, Bosnia, Herzegovina, and finally Belgrade (in 1521)—a victory which cleared their way into Hungary and Croatia. Out of the passionate study comprising these three Marulian antiturcica emerges a rhetoric demonizing the Ottomans, which not only attests to the violent emotions experienced by their author, but also justifies a merciless war against an enemy portrayed as cruel, insatiable, and invincible.
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3098.More information
This work examines the urban environment depicted by Leandro Bassano in his cycle of the Twelve Months during February and March, and the notable iconographic shift it presents with respect to the typical imagery of farming labours. Leandro represented the themes of Carnival in February and Lent in March, breaking up this otherwise agricultural calendar to introduce the division of time according to civic and religious rhythms. It is argued that this transformation in iconography occurred at the intersection of the reformed Roman Missal and the emergence of the commedia dell’arte. Finally, this article explores what the dialogic relationship between Leandro’s February and March conveys about the deeper cultural and seasonal experience of the Veneto city in the post-Tridentine context.
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3099.More information
Donald Trump broke many presidential norms, including the preponderance of expertise in the formulation and implementation of u.s. foreign policy. While his predecessors have shown a relative distrust towards the national security apparatus's expertise, Trump has fully embraced his hostility towards these institutions and their experts. This article analyzes the three main consequences of this hostility : false loyalty-competence tension in the selection of advisors; prioritization of symbolic gains and underutilization of organizational resources that have jeopardized the implementation of foreign policy and the sustainability of instituted changes; and flawed crisis management (covid-19).
Keywords: Trump, politique étrangère, prise de décision, expertise, leadership, Trump, foreign policy, decision-making, expertise, leadership