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This paper presents the results of a study on the social representation of academic success in a developing country. A case study was conducted in Gabon with high school students, teachers and parents living in urban and rural areas. The conceptual framework is based on Moscovici's theory of social representations as well as on Rivière, Sauvé and Jacques's (1997, 2002) typology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 students, 19 teachers and 19 parents. Data was analysed using Alceste software. Results highlight the diverse social representations of academic success in Gabon according to social status (student, teacher, and parent), gender, geographical environment, and school results. Results also brought to light a confrontation between these social representations according to a vision of academic success as a prerequisite for financial, professional, social or personal success.

Keywords: réussite scolaire, représentation sociale, Gabon, enseignement secondaire, élèves, Academic achievement, social representation, Gabon, secondary education, students, Éxito escolar, representación social, Gabón, enseñanza secundaria, alumnos

AbstractThis paper addresses the question of the distinctiveness of Canadian research methods by looking first at the broad pattern of methods used in empirical articles published in leading Canadian journals from the 1960s, how these have changed over time, and how they have differed between francophone and anglophone Canada. Issues of US influence raised by the earlier Canadianisation debate are also addressed. It is found that for the more recent period gender differences which cut across these ‘national' divisions have been the more salient. The net effect is that the total Canadian pattern has something in common with that recorded for other countries, although at a more detailed level there are specifically Canadian or québécois effects. Reasons for the similarities and differences are discussed.

SummaryThe development of a student professional portfolio in the Occupational Therapy Program at the University of Ottawa was guided by the obligation for occupational therapists to use a portfolio in their daily practice and the need to give a sense of responsibility to students in relation to their studies. A research-action methodology was chosen to conceive the portfolio and its contents, to facilitate its application, and to assess its use in a numerical format. The results of the research support the simplicity of the content and its organisation, a procedure for guided use and a beginner level numerical format. According to the authors, a professional portfolio can be a very interesting learning tool, however, particular attention must be directed to the numerical format so that it does not hinder students' reflection and learning.

Keywords: portfolio professionnel étudiant en format numérique, recherche-action, ergothérapie, responsabilisation, outil méthodologique, student professional e-portfolio, research-action, occupational therapy, student responsibilies, methodological tool, portafolio profesional en formato digital del estudiante, investigación-acción, ergoterapia, responsabilidades, herramienta metodológica

In his work Daniel Simeoni gave prominence to the practice of the translator. Taking this as my point of departure, I analyze the practices of Louis-Mathieu Langlès, curator of Oriental manuscripts at the National Library in Paris from 1792 to 1824, and founder in 1795 of the École spéciale des langues orientales vivantes, where he was the administrator and professor of Persian until his death in 1824. Langlès held a central position in French Orientalism as it was developing in Paris at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries. In his numerous publications, which included many reviews, biographical notices, editions and translations, Langlès systematically engages with the authors whose work he is translating or presenting, reacting to and supplementing their texts with copious notes, notices, discourses, memoirs, and other forms of paratextual materials. Far from adopting a subservient position, Langlès positions himself as an equal. His publications received both high praise and strong criticism from critics and reviewers, an indication of the changes taking place within the discipline, and the personal tensions these at times involved, as Orientalism evolved towards a more scientific, and eventually a more philological, approach.

Keywords: Louis-Mathieu Langlès, orientalisme, pratiques de traduction, l'Inde, publics, Louis-Mathieu Langlès, Orientalism, forms of translational practice, India, readerships

SummaryIn this research, based on life stories of women engineers who became managers, we analyze how the transition from technical to management position helps us understand the link between feminine identity and women's participation in engineering and management. We propose psycho-dynamical interpretations that shed light on the problematic relation between subjective notions of power, competence and feminity. This article suggests that some women engineers integrate these three dimensions within their development, motivated by a desire to differentiate, to respond to challenges and to make « the difference » as a person rather than through an idealistic path.

SummaryThis study examines physical activity practices of older women in disadvantaged neighbourhoods of Montreal. The analysis relies on Michael Bury's (1982, 1991) concept of ‘biographical disruption' to understand to what extent the rise of consciousness of the finitude of the body, as a ‘rupturing event', has consequences for the adoption of physical activity practices. The analysis reveals that the period of old age engenders a biographical disruption, perceptible through women's heightened concern for preventive health practices. These results challenge stereotypes that hinder health promotion efforts towards older women.

This contribution describes a transdisciplinary research project studying the social participation of young people with sickle cell disease and eventually neuropsychological disorders, living in Guadeloupe. The theoretical and methodological framework leading this research is the second version of the Disability Creation Process (Fougeyrollas, 2010; Fougeyrollas, Boucher & Charrier, 2016) and its measuring tools (LIFE-H4.0, Fougeyrollas, Noreau & Lepage, 2014, and MQE 2.0, Fougeyrollas, Noreau, St-Michel, & Boschen, 1999). Firstly, the theoretical and practical choices will be warranted: the cultural adaptation of the tools, regarding the specific local context, and regarding the chronic disease of our main study population (N=102, between 6-16 years). A control group (N=45) allows us to investigate a possible effect of the cultural context on participation and on the perception of the environment, as no study has been conducted yet in such a context. The life trajectory or « career » of the young chronically ill and their close family can be highlighted by biographic narratives interviews. This timeframe is relevant in relation to the DCP-2, as it provides a diachronic perspective in addition to the initial synchronic description of the model. To conclude, we will focus attention on the epistemological issues implied by the crossdisciplinarity of such a research, a particularly topical issue in the field of health research (Trabal, Collinet & Terral, 2017;Trabal, 2019).

Keywords: participation sociale, drépanocytose, processus de production du handicap, Guadeloupe, MHAVIE, MQE, social participation, sickle cell disease, Disability Creation Process, Caribbean Studies, LIFE-H, MQE

Keywords: Dénonciation, Formulaire, Infirmiers, Infirmières, Soins infirmiers, Soins sécuritaires

In a society where workers are using psychoactive substances in their workplace, what type of prevention can we propose in order to limit the risks? The aim of this research is to contribute to the improvement of current prevention systems. This work is grounded within an Inter-company Occupational Health and Prevention Service (IOHPS). Data were collected during four prevention interventions in companies affiliated with the service. These interventions were documented to assist in the development of new collective and primary prevention approaches for substance use in the workplace. Developing preventive actions in the workplace requires collective and multidisciplinary collaboration between occupational health professionals and company stakeholders. Based on studies conducted on the analysis of mental health interventions in the workplace, our results confirmed the importance of the five essential conditions that facilitate the development of actions highlighted by Rouat (Rouat, 2010; Rouat et al., 2021). They also identified two additional conditions: the establishment of a common set of representations and the preexistence of a framework that facilitates prevention. We have identified a set of factors that can constrain these interventions. Thus, performance-driven approaches to occupational health, lack of support in implementing interdisciplinary projects, or the digitalization of relationships between occupational health stakeholders can influence the success of substance use prevention projects. Given that addictive behaviours intersect personal and professional spheres, we emphasize the importance of applying occupational and organizational psychology principles in this area of intervention.

Keywords: Conduites addictives, Addictive behaviour, Travail, Work, Prévention, Prevention, Santé au travail, Occupational health