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This article reports on part of the results of a research study conducted among international students (IS) attending Quebec universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research focused on the social uses of ICTs and the quality of life of ISs during periods of confinement, and the results presented and discussed in this article relate more specifically to ISs’ experiences and perceptions of the measures and services offered by universities in the context of confinement. To meet this objective, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 ISs to explore in depth their personal life experiences and perceptions in the context of confinement. According to the ISs, the measures deployed by Quebec universities covered five main aspects of student life: (1) courses and research, (2) learning assessments, (3) support resources, (4) personal finances and (5) mental and physical health. In addition, the ISs identified (6) measures not taken by the universities and were able to express (7) their appreciation of the overall measures taken by the universities. The main findings from the seven response categories enabled us to identify various avenues for improvement, taking into account the specific characteristics of the ISs. These include recognizing the specificities of different groups and communities and strengthening the intercultural skills of decision-makers in educational institutions, in order to design effective interventions, programs and policies for ISs, particularly in times of pandemic.

Keywords: étudiants internationaux, international students, COVID-19, COVID-19, mesures, measures, services, services, universités, universities

The social categories of Creoles and Bossales have contemporaneously shaped the Haitian nation, but the contributions of the Bossales in terms of knowledge and experience have often been overlooked. This study examines if this neglect is linked to the process of captive creolization, a legacy of the colonial system’s social divides. Utilizing a historical-social interactionism approach, this article explores this colonial divide. Through conducted field surveys using a conversational method with rural actors from Haiti’s southern peninsula, based on a plural decolonial epistemic approach, this research reveals that the Haitian lakou, as a bossale episteme, represents an endogenous paradigm of socio-historical resistance and communal solidarity that has been marginalized. We argue that this marginalization results from captive creolization, which is rooted in a type of epistemic injustice.

Keywords: Créolisation captive, captive creolization, injustice épistémique, epistemic injustice, lakou, lakou, sociocommunality, sociocommunalité, oppression, oppression, fracture coloniale, colonial divide

The secular liberal state based on rationalised law postulatesthe possibility of separating politics from a so-called religious domain,with which it would break in every respect. While the liberal state mayregulate the external aspect of religion, it remains the case that the statecontinues to deal with sacred things, to name them, and even to maintainthem in various ways. In this sense, the sacred extends beyond the religiousas understood by the categories of state law. Moreover, the contemporaryliberal state makes itself sacred by various means. This is why it is on theverge of the sacred, whether it be the religious sacred that it imbues itselfwith, or a civic sacred that may predate the emergence of Christianity, themanifestations of which can be seen in the law itself, institutional rituals,the intangibility attributed to state borders, and even the institution ofpolitical representation, the 'totemic' significance of which has beenemphasised by sociology and legal theory.

Keywords: Secular state, État laïque, sacralization, sacralisation, politique, politics, frontiers, frontières, constitution, constitution, separation of the religious and politics, séparation du religieux et du politique, droit, law

This article documents the process of voluntary professional reconversion to the profession of primary school teacher in the Wallonia-Brussels Federation (Belgium). Using a qualitative research approach, we interviewed nine adults who attended an initial teacher education program for primary school teaching. Results show a close link between the identity tensions resulting from the previous or current career(s) and the identity project of becoming a primary school teacher. They also highlight the skills previously acquired in the private and professional spheres that contribute to a positive feeling of self-efficacy in the tasks specific to the desired profession. Finally, we provide practical recommendations for teacher education curriculum and the integration of these second-career teachers in the teaching profession.

Keywords: Enseignants de seconde carrière, second career teachers, professional reconversion, reconversion professionnelle, dynamique identitaire, identity dynamics, primary education, enseignement primaire, professional competencies, compétences professionnelles

Vietnam is ranked at the advanced stages in the adoption and use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education, according to the criteria defined by UNESCO. However, most Vietnamese higher education institutions are limited to investing in technological equipment and materials to encourage individual initiatives in online teaching among lecturers, without having a comprehensive institutional policy for online training, including all the dimensions necessary for the systemic integration of ICTs. This prevents them from achieving a sufficient level of efficiency and overall coherence. This article is a study of models for the overall development of e-learning in higher education institutions, in particular that of the European Association of Distance Teaching Universities (EADTU), for building a benchmarking model for e-learning institutional policy under students’ perception. This model was subject to a survey involving 460 students from four Vietnamese higher education institutions, with the result of factor analysis validating an adapted version that fits to the local context.

Keywords: online training, formation en ligne, enseignement supérieur, higher education, Vietnam, Vietnam, perception des étudiants, students’ perception, évaluation comparative, benchmarking, Association européenne des universités d’enseignement à distance, European Association of Distance Teaching Universities

Keywords: Relation, Conditions, Bénévole, Enfant atteint d'une maladie à issue fatale, Famille, Soins à domicile, Méthodologie, Programme de répit à domicile, Soins palliatifs

How can we explore object biographies when a collection has relied heavily on the donor’s narrative? This article uses three artifacts to explore the history of Ingenium’s Oblate Collection, a group of 282 medical artifacts used at L’Hôpital de L’Assomption in Grand Falls, New Brunswick, on the land of the Wolastoqiyik people. The hospital was opened in 1952 by the newly founded Secular Institute, a branch of the Oblate Missionaries of Mary Immaculate who ran 48 residential schools across Canada. Ingenium’s catalogue information relies largely on the narrative from the donors themselves, primarily two documents written by Oblate nurse Fabienne Rinfret, who describes life working in the hospital and how the artifacts were used by the staff. Our files lack stories of patient experiences or a fuller, more inclusive sense of their local context including connections to Indigenous people and land. To tell a fuller story of this collection, and f ill out missing historical dimensions, we can look to the artifacts themselves, and through a material-culture lens, discover new ways of knowing these objects.

Keywords: Missionnaires oblats, Oblates, Collection médicale, Medical collection, Dossiers d’artefacts, Artifact records, Object biographies, Biographies d’objets, Ingenium, Ingenium, Nouveau-Brunswick, New Brunswick

Introduction: The requirement of a university degree as the entry standard to the nursing profession is regularly debated in Quebec (Canada). Several recommendations have been made to increase the proportion of nurses with a bachelor’s degree in nursing given the increasing complexity of care. The literature cites many factors that discourage nurses from returning to nursing studies, but what are the strategies to encourage them to do so? Objective: To describe the state of knowledge on the strategies that have facilitated the return to school for nurses pursuing a bachelor’s degree in nursing, as tested and evaluated in empirical studies. Method: Integrative literature review conducted using the Whittemore and Knafl (2005) method, accompanied by a literature search in 6 databases. Results: On a total of 2545 publications identified, 27 studies were retained. Among the strategies, new baccalaureate programs based on a partnership model, the use of motivational interviews and the support offered by relatives of nursing students were found. Discussion and Conclusion: Four categories (academic, organizational, individual and mixed) highlights tested and evaluated strategies for facilitating nurses’ return to school.

Keywords: retour aux études, return to school, nurses, infirmières, baccalauréat en sciences infirmières, bachelor’s degree, facilitators, facilitateurs, stratégies, strategies

The first volume of Dom Augustin Calmet’s Treatise on the Apparitions of Spirits and on Vampires or Ghosts of Hungary, Moravia, etc. (1751) focuses on demonology. In this treatise, he expands on several elements of demonology published in his biblical analyses and dissertations. This article presents the most important themes: the power of evil angels, exorcism, the witches’ sabbath, and God’s permission. On each of these themes, we compare how Dom Calmet relates to his main demonological sources. This scholar of the great demonological treatises defends the existence of the Devil, while refuting several beliefs presented in these treatises. We argue that, in this XVIII century caracterised by the loss of the hegemony of demonologists, Dom Calmet seeks a reasonable path between demonological tradition, popular credulity, and the new criticism of the Enlightenment.

Keywords: Dom Calmet, Dom Calmet, Devil, Diable, Dieu, God, exorcisme, exorcism, witch, sorcière

Objectives: Although most of the literature on physical dating violence (physical DV) focuses on victimization among girls, boys are also at risk. This study aims to document the experiences of boys who underwent physical violence in their romantic relationships. Method: In the Parcours Amoureux des Jeunes Survey, 1,701 boys reported having had a romantic relationship in the past year. Of them, 184 had experienced at least one episode of physical DV and answered an open-ended question asking them to describe the most difficult experience they had in a romantic relationship. A qualitative analysis was carried out based on their answers, then was supplemented with statistical analyzes. Results: Five conceptual categories emerged from the thematic analysis, depicting relational (n = 39) or sexual (n = 9) difficulties, romantic breakups (n = 47), experiences of infidelity (n = 57) or of DV (n = 19). Thirteen did not report any difficult events. Only 15 participants mentioned a DV event, and three specifically the physical DV they experienced. Statistical analyzes reveal that a greater tolerance for violence is associated with having experienced more forms of DV. Conclusion: The collected answers underline the presence of several sources of distress in their romantic relationships, combined with the physical DV. These findings highlight the importance of helping boys in the development of their resilience assets and the recognition of the different forms of DV, and to support them in their help-seeking path.

Keywords: Violence dans les relations amoureuses, Violence physique, Adolescence, Garçons, Intervention, Dating violence, Physical violence, Adolescence, Boys, Intervention