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The main goal of this paper is to describe and analyze the individual and collective empowerment process of a group involved in a participatory evaluation project developed during 2012 in Badia del Vallès (Barcelona, Spain). The steering group was composed of university evaluators, neighbours of the municipality and local technicians or community workers, who attended 13 face-to-face sessions, focused on the evaluation of two different areas of community action: the area called «anti-crisis» and the area of non formal education. Results show that some attitudes changed radically during the process: for instance, the idea of participation shifted from a dependent vision towards a more active idea. Within the group, an important element was the acknowledgment of the other as a source of learning, which made possible the creation of a strong team. Moreover, the process facilitated the improvement of the members’ self-image, and consequently their self-esteem.

Keywords: evaluación participativa, participatory evaluation, évaluation participative, empowerment, pouvoir d’agir, fortalecimiento, Spain, España, Espagne

The representation of the father figure is at the heart of this study of L'amour, la fantasia (1985) and Nulle part dans la maison de mon père (2007), two autobiographical novels written by Algerian novelist Assia Djebar, member of l'Académie française from 2005 to her death in 2015. This analysis will focus on the personality of Tahar, his evolution and his influence on his daughter at different periods of her life, in particular, with respect to her relationship to boys and men. Torn between her quest for freedom and her love for her father, Djebar's narrator compares Tahar to other father figures in Algeria, both European and Arab. Educated in French thanks to her culturally hybrid father, Fatima expresses her gratitude as well as her regrets, notably her alienation vis-à-vis Arab and Berber women left behind, her inability to master the Arabic language and her puritan censoring father, a constant obstacle to her emancipation.

“I am not politically committed. What I write is true. I do not write to support an ideological political theory, a revolution, etc. I write the truth, as I feel it, without taking sides. I write things as they are. As the teller of truth, I am not sure of being committed.” When En Attendant le vote des bêtes sauvages was published, these were the words Kourouma used to justify his creative approach of putting fiction into the service of historical truth, of making it a path of access to the memory of the present, a search for the reality of the world and its beings within the fictional. The present study examines the methods Kourouma employs to rewrite history and the memory of the present in this novel.

For more than forty years, an active, forward-looking policy has brought change to the Algerian Sahara by creating administrative bodies and investing in the economy and facilities located for the most part in the county seats of wilaya. As a result, the Sahara's urban system is in a state of imbalance, due to high urban population densities, which benefit major cities at the expense of small and medium-sized towns. Subsequently, cities of the Sahara such as El Oued suffer from urban hypertrophy are unable to meet citizen needs and face intractable problems.

Keywords: Ville Saharienne, hypertrophie urbaine, système urbain, investissement public, services, Saharan city, urban hypertrophy, urban system, public investment, services

In 1966, during the World Festival of Black Arts in Dakar, the journal Présence Africaine published its 57th issue, which brought together 144 poets and 393 poems. A collective work, the Nouvelle somme de poésie du monde noir is a multilingual anthology, gathering poems written in five different languages (French, English, Portuguese, Spanish and Dutch). The author recaptures the intentions of the anthologists (Léon-Gontran Damas, Lamine Diakhaté, Abiola Irele and Virgílio de Lemos) and their conceptions of the "poetry of the Black world" from the accompanying apparatus and the organization of the New Sum. There is a desire to give substance to both a literature ("the poetry of the black world"), and an imagined community ("the black world"). It then indicates the stakes underlying the project to gather the poetry of a new generation of writers on the occasion of the World Festival of Black Arts and the attempt led by Damas to affiliate the new generation of poets to the Négritude.

Keywords: Léon-Gontran Damas, Léon-Gontran Damas, Aimé Césaire, Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Présence Africaine, Présence Africaine, Négritude, Négritude

This article reports on the evaluation of the impact of the play Who killed Freebird?, performed by Théâtre Parminou, on students and school personnel. Using a mixed-methods approach, our results reveal significant regional differences in participants’ perceptions and show that the play has the potential to change specific attitudes towards violent radicalization. Findings suggest that the play partially achieved its objectives by raising awareness among youth and school personnel about some of the risks associated with extremist movements. They also suggest that a complexification of the figure of the foreigner is possible through activities that deconstruct stereotypes. Prevention strategies must target specific regional representations.

Keywords: Radicalisation, radicalisation violente, prévention, diversité ethnoculturelle, élèves, personnel scolaire, évaluation

More and more immigrant teachers have found their place in Canadian elementary and secondary schools, notably in francophone Ontario. Some face difficulties to integrate the profession, while those who have been offered a long-term teaching contract deploy considerable efforts to transform this opportunity into a permanent position. Drawing from the results of two qualitative studies conducted with immigrant students enrolled in a teacher training program and immigrant teachers during their professional integration, this article will present the racialized representations of the victim, the foreigner, and the incompetent to which they are subjected. Explanations of and solutions to this phenomenon will also be discussed.

Keywords: immigrant teachers, racialized representations, interculturality, professional integration, enseignants issus de l’immigration, représentations racialisées, interculturalité, insertion professionnelle

This article argues that in Ananda Devi’s La vie de Joséphin le fou (2003), the protagonist Joséphin assumes the form of a human-eel monster, engaging in acts of vorarephilia or “vore,” to satiate a murderous desire underwater. This analysis conceives Joséphin’s aquatic world as a paradoxically queer, abject, and maternal space in which Joséphin terrorizes two underage children as both their abductor and protector. Devi further reconfigures in her novel the archetype of the protective eel in Mauritian shamanistic practices by depicting Joséphin as a predatorial human-eel figure. Joséphin’s violence against the children as he assumes such a monstrous embodiment serves as a metaphor for child sexual abuse in Mauritius where, at the time of the novel’s publication, an estimated 2,600 children were victims of molestation.

The author aims to highlight and read over some experiences of both racialized and white lesbian feminists, from the end of the 90s, against racism in the lesbian feminist movement, and then against the nationalist restrictions of French migration politics – using Jasbir K. Puars' concept of homonationalism (2007). It stems from the author's personal experience, given that she participated as an activist as well as an academic, into different ‘ women and lesbians in migration ' initiatives. The author's epistemological stand values the importance of the standpoint. In this sense, she also underlines the central role played by some racialized and proletarized lesbians.The author distinguishes a first period, from 1999 to 2004, in which the central struggle is the denunciation of racism within the lesbian movement, which is formulated by a group of racialized lesbians who strongly advocate, for the first time, for an autonomous organization – i.e. without white lesbians. From 2005 to 2010, the struggle takes a turn towards fighting heterosexism in migrations politics (increasingly restrictive), and towards highlighting lesbians' migration – through mixed-race initiatives, that are in part, academic ones. Finally, the author goes back to the concept of « homonationalism », proposing the concepts of « heterocirculation » of women and « lesbonationalism », in order to describe the present situation as well as the action taken by new groups.

Keywords: lesbianisme, féminisme, migration, asile, homonationalisme, lesbonationalisme, hétérocirculation des femmes