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This paper investigates the use of Internet-based local and transnational social networks by young migrants living in the outlying regions of Quebec, with the aim of defining how the networks relate to identity (sense of belonging). The young people surveyed all use the Internet to stay in contact with their immediate family and friends in their homeland, but make very little use of it — and especially use it in a different way — with their new friends in Quebec. With the exception of two respondents who completely reject the idea of belonging, the migrants surveyed all identify with their homeland, and most of them also identify with Quebec. The latter, whether intentionally or not, have developed a social network that includes native-born Quebeckers. This finding provides evidence of the role played by others in the development of conceptions of self in the Internet age.

AbstractThis article examines the kind of relations, which exist between Islam understood as a universalising tradition and the social space over which the French Republic asserts its sovereignty. As such, it seeks to reformulate the debate about the relation between Islam and France in a way which eschews the dichotomy between national and transnational orientations. The case of Sofiane Meziani, a writer and activist from a major French Islamic federation which has in the past decade made important attempts to position itself more firmly inside France is at the centre of the analysis. Looking at Sofiane points both to enabling and limiting political effects produced through this discursive and practical engagement of Islam with the French context, more particularly with the banlieue, how they shape the ways in which he can relate to the wider umma and conceive of his French identity and how it interacts with the narrativisation of his biography.

AbstractThe city is defined as the sum of places and spaces. Places are associated with the unchanging, visual markers, commemorative landmarks, monuments, stores. Spaces are fashioned by actions, movements, the residents' or passers-by's visions. Therefore, representations of the city are constructed through the putting-into-words of places, spaces and urban boundaries; i.e. the boundaries of a neighbourhood are defined through social and linguistic territories. In this paper, we combine sociolinguistics and geography to deal with the concepts of place, space and territory. We also attempt to see how multilingual urban signage in some Montpellier neighbourhoods transforms a place into a social space that is forever changing and how territorial limits are redrawn through signage.

AbstractThis article discusses two techniques applied in consecutive interpretation by Vietnamese student interpreters at the Hanoi Foreign Languages College: the concept map and the summary. Using a quantitative analysis of interpretations and a qualitative analysis of semi- directed interviews, the authors show the convergent and divergent influences which the concept map and the summary have on the four variables of consecutive interpretation process : comprehension, production, note-taking, and psychological state. The article concludes with several suggestions for concept mapping assisted interpretor training.

Recent reforms in tort law have important consequences for the liability of companies in general and business corporations in particular. Numerous laws have been passed since 2016 to create or reinforce corporate liability regimes, such as the law introducing ecological damage, the ordinance relating to damages awarded to the victims of anti-competitive practices, or the law introducing a duty of care within certain companies. The combination of these laws reveals two directions in which corporate liability is tending to move.The first is a rise in the moral standard of corporate behaviour. Pursuant to these new texts, legal persons must follow a certain standard of behaviour in their actions or risk punishment under tort law. Corporate social responsibility is thus becoming less and less moral and more and more legal.The second direction in which company law is moving is more surprising, as it may change a general principle of company law. Several laws seem to introduce a liability of the parent company for its subsidiary, which at first sight seems to be contrary to the principle of autonomy of each company within a group. The law creating a duty of vigilance thus makes it possible to sanction the parent company in the event of human rights or environmental violations committed by its subsidiary. To do so, however, the parent company must have failed to put in place or implement a due diligence plan. In this case, the damage compensated will be that caused by the subsidiary, but the fault opening the case to liability will be that of the parent company. However, a new rule mixing competition law and civil liability law may lead to the parent company being liable with its subsidiary without even having to prove any fault on its part. By presuming that all the persons composing the company condemned for an anti-competitive infringement are at fault, the Commercial Code opens up the possibility of condemning a parent company if one of its subsidiaries has committed an anti-competitive fault. The importation of a competition law concept into tort law thus leads to a profound change in tort law within the corporate group.

Keywords: Eberhardt, Isabelle, Algérie, Écrivains voyageurs, Transfuge, Filiation féminine, Lotman, Youri, Jullien, François, Sebbar, Leila, Mokeddem, Malika

In the Canadian historical context, the translation and publication of a book by an Aboriginal author involve complex commitments on the part of all the players involved in the process: the person writing, the person translating, the publishing house, the distribution networks, and so on. The act of translation is necessarily a militant cultural commitment. This article introduces Mi’kmaw author Rita Joe and examines the production context of translating Aboriginal authors and the linguistic issues that complicate this work in Atlantic Canada.

Keywords: Rita Joe, Rita Joe, activist translation, Traduction militante, Mi’kmaw literature, Littérature mi'kmaw, decolonization, traduction littéraire, literary translation, décolonisation