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The purpose of the present paper is to move closer to two registers of knowledge : SMEs' offshoring and SMEs' networks. In order to, the Uppsala model and isomorphism concept to highlight the role of networks, inter-organizational or interpersonal, on SMEs' offshoring decisions.This analysis of the literature will be confronted to a qualitative study realized on two SMEs belonging to the same network.The results shows that networks can encourage a SMEs' offshoring-induced via a mimetic isomorphism and can stop this strategy via a coercive isomorphism.

Keywords: Effet réseau, PME, Délocalisation, Modèle Uppsala, Isomorphisme, Network effects, SMEs, Offshoring, Uppsala model, Isomorphism, Efecto de red, PyME, Deslocalizacion, Modelo de Uppsala, Isomorphismo

This article tells the stories of illegalized migrant people moving through two violent, transcontinental borderscapes: the EurAfrican border that spans Western Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, and pushes further south each year across Africa; and the American border that stretches from the interior of the United States, through Mexico and Central America, and into South America and the Caribbean. Comparative analysis of these borderscapes reveals similar logics, practices, and policies of border enforcement, as well as strategies that migrant people use to subvert them. We argue that fugitivity provides a critical lens for understanding the co-constitution of borders and border transgression, and reveals how the border manufactures its objects—producing fugitive subjects, spaces, and relations across expanding spatial and temporal distances. As a lens rooted in histories of racialized control over human mobility, fugitivity allows us to chart contemporary territorializations of racial domination through bordering alongside constant challenges to these territorializations through movement. Ultimately, fugitivity provides a method that not only maps out the violence and failures of bordering, but one that imagines alternative geographies emanating from the underground of marginalized people, spaces, and relationships.

Keywords: Borders, Black geographies, Latin America, Africa, autonomy of migration, resistance

Many authors have documented the increasing diversification and gentrification in central city neighbourhoods. In the last few decades Montreal’s, Hochelaga-Maisonneuve is among those with the highest rates of gentrification, creating new social dynamics and often generating socio-territorial conflicts. What is the significance of social changes for the population of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve? What role does recent immigration play in the mitigation or development of social conflict? In this paper we present the results of the analysis of 1,420 articles taken from the six principal daily newspapers published in Montreal. In our target neighbourhood, it would appear that a higher socio-economic status of newcomers is more disruptive than their ethno-cultural background because it is associated with a change in the way people live, shop and interact in public space. The data also reveal disruptive effects on the availability of affordable housing, a feature that means increasing displacement of lower income populations.

In this study dedicated to Naked Lunch (Burroughs, 1959; Cronenberg, 1991) and A History of Violence (Wagner and Locke, 2005; Cronenberg, 2005), I articulate the notions of "image-espace" (Gaudin, 2014) and "filmic body" (Shaviro, 1994) in order to show that David Cronenberg's adaptations have a physical impact on the public's body, and are at the root of their guilt sensations - either due to anempathy (for the first example) or extreme excitement (in the second). While analyzing these "unfilmable" movies, which draw much of their abjection from the hypotexts, I would like to illustrate the impact of picturing abjection on our body but also express the filmic object's role (composed not only of what is portrayed but also how it is portrayed and what editing and sound-track brings to our experience) in elaborating an abject filmic experience. My main argument relies on the idea that the Torontonian director - both a source of abjection and hatred if one considers how scholars address him and his works - offers a new cinematic form which, through abjection, offers a path to liberating our imagination.

Keywords: abjection, abjection, adaptation, adaptation, David Cronenberg, David Cronenberg, Naked Lunch, Naked Lunch, A History of Violence, A History of Violence

Since the advent of communicative approaches, language didactics have replaced the goal of “mastering discourse” with that of “mastering language”. The evolution of language teaching implies a revision of the reference linguistic theories to be used in didactics. The reference to discourse linguistics, the benchmark discipline of communicative approaches, oscillates between predominantly applicationist exploitations, making this linguistics an explicit object of learning, and others with a praxeological aim, calling upon it as a means at the service of curricular engineering. These two types of reference will be the subject of our reflection through the analysis of two corpus models: the first corresponds to Tunisian school textbooks illustrating the first form of exploitation, the second to documents published by the Council of Europe, reflecting the contribution of discourse linguistics to language training engineering.

Keywords: discourse linguistics, linguistique du discours, compétence, competence, didactisation, didactization, applicationnisme, applicationism, CECR, CEFR

This article explores the dynamics of work within the platform economy, focusing on the experiences of young Uber and Uber Eats workers in Quebec. The authors examine how these workers perceive their job security, freedom of work, and the meaning they ascribe to their professional activity in a context dominated by algorithmic management. The article first highlights the distinction between rights associated with employee status and those associated with the status of an independent worker, the latter being characteristic of the platform economy. The analysis of interview data with 48 young Uber and Uber Eats workers operating in Quebec then leads to three findings. Firstly, young workers express a sense of job security linked to the flexibility and direct access to the job market that platforms provide, despite the absence of traditional social guarantees. Secondly, they highly value the freedom offered by this type of work, especially in terms of autonomy in organizing work and timetable flexibility. However, this freedom is qualified by the dependence on platform algorithms that manage task allocation. Thirdly, the analysis reveals that for these young people, work on the platforms represents a productive participation in society, contrasting with the perception of "empty or meaningless labour" often associated with traditional employment. This experience is perceived as more rewarding because it is directly linked to market demand. Although the platform economy has challenges, particularly in terms of social protection and job security, it nevertheless offers young workers valued opportunities for security, freedom, and meaning in their work.

Keywords: Plateformes numériques, organisation du travail, jeunes, conditions d'emploi, sens du travail

This article focuses on the collaborative experience of a teacher in training and two visible minority teachers involved in the development and teaching of a new course designed to better prepare mature immigrant and visible minority students in Alberta francophone and French immersion school settings. Qualitative data were collected from the teachers using an interview and a survey to document this collaborative experience. Teachers agreed to participate in this project because of the proposed conceptual framework, which focused on the intercultural approach, reflective practice, and a perspective of equity and inclusion, as well as their own professional and personal commitment to the success and empowerment of pre-service students of immigrant origin. This commitment relies on two contrasting identity postures: of decolonization and of identification to a plural Albertan francophonie. In addition, the diversity of experiences and the common desire to work together promoted a high level of interdependence between team members, whose open-mindedness and flexibility contributed to making the collaboration a professional experience that was rich for the team and a source of empowerment for the two teachers.

Keywords: teachers, enseignants, collaboration, collaboration, formation initiale, pre-service teacher training, inclusion, inclusion, équité, equity, minorités visibles, visible minority, étudiants immigrants, immigrant students, pratique réflexive, reflexive practice, approche interculturelle, intercultural approach, francophone minority context, milieu francophone minoritaire

This research paper aims to analyze the perspectives of a selection of Jordanian women between the ages of 20 and 50 on social justice and explore if ingrained gender discrimination prevents women from attaining equality in Jordan. It tries to pinpoint the factors that hinder or motivate women to pursue social justice in Jordan while identifying their views on the existing opportunities and barriers to achieving social justice. Results reveal that the profoundly ingrained dynamics of the Jordanian social structure—culture, socialization, and gender discrimination—play an integral part in preventing women from attaining social justice in Jordan. Moreover, the results show that collaboration between women and their political representatives in society is a must for fostering social justice in Jordan; it is not enough to rely only on providing a good education for women.

Keywords: culture, culture, social change, changement social, social justice, justice sociale, patriarchy, patriarcat, violence, violence